How to exclude a property from being serialized in System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer.Serialize() using a JsonConverter

问题

I want to be able to exclude a property when serializing using System.Text.Json.JsonSerializer. I don't want to use a JsonIgnore attribute everywhere I want to do this. I would like to be able to define the properties I want to exclude during serialization only, via some kind of Fluent API, which currently does not exist.

The only option I was able to find is to define a JsonConverter and add it to the list of Converters on the JsonSerializerOptions that I pass to the Serialize() method like so:

var options = new JsonSerializerOptions();
options.Converters.Add(new BookConverter());
json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(book, options);

In the JsonConverter I would have to write the entire JSON representation myself using a Utf8JsonWriter, excluding the property I don't want to serialize. This is a lot of work to just be able to exclude a property. While the JsonConverter is a great extensibility feature from the .NET team, its just too low-level for my use case. Does anyone know of any other way to acheive the exclusion of the property without having to write out the JSON representation myself?

I don't want to have to do the following:

• Use an attribute, or dynamically add an attribute at runtime
• Change the access modifier of the property to something like private or protected
• Use a 3rd party library, as my issue is solvable if I use Json.NET.

Example:

class Program
{
    void Main()
    {
        // We want to serialize Book but to ignore the Author property
        var book = new Book() { Id = 1, Name = "Calculus", Author = new Author() };

        var json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(book);
        // Default serialization, we get this:
        // json = { "Id": 1, "Name": "Calculus", "Author": {} }

        // Add our custom converter to options and pass it to the Serialize() method
        var options = new JsonSerializerOptions();
        options.Converters.Add(new BookConverter());
        json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(book, options);
        // I want to get this:
        // json = { Id: 1, Name: "Calculus" }
    }
}

public class Author { }

public class Book
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public Author Author { get; set; }
}

public class BookConverter : JsonConverter<Book>
{
    public override Book Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
    {
        // Use default implementation when deserializing (reading)
        return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Book>(ref reader, options);
    }

    public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, Book value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
    {
        // Serializing. Here we have to write the JSON representation ourselves
        writer.WriteStartObject();

        writer.WriteNumber("Id", value.Id);
        writer.WriteString("Name", value.Name);
        // Don't write Author so we can exclude it

        writer.WriteEndObject();
    }
}

回答1:

So I happened to stumble upon an article that demonstrates how to use the JsonDocument object in the new System.Text.Json namespace and it is the next best thing to a Fluent API. Here is how this question can be solved.

The BookConverter.Write() method:

public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, Book value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
{
    writer.WriteStartObject();

    using (JsonDocument document = JsonDocument.Parse(JsonSerializer.Serialize(value)))
    {
        foreach (var property in document.RootElement.EnumerateObject())
        {
            if (property.Name != "Author")
                property.WriteTo(writer);
        }
    }

    writer.WriteEndObject();
}

回答2:

First approach

1. Extract interface which describes structure of desired object.

public interface IBook
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

2. Implement it by original class class Book : IBook

3. Use follow overload of string Serialize(object value, Type inputType, JsonSerializerOptions options = null);

json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(book, typeof(IBook), options);

If you're serializing array of Books you need to pass typeof(IEnumerable<IBook>) as argument.

Second approach (use AutoMapper)

It's useful in case you don't have access to original Book class.

1. Create LiteBook class

public class LiteBook
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

2. Create mapping configuration

var config = new MapperConfiguration(cfg => {
    cfg.CreateMap<Book, LiteBook>();
});

3. Map it and serialize

json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(new Mapper(config).Map<LiteBook>(book), options)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58566735/how-to-exclude-a-property-from-being-serialized-in-system-text-json-jsonserializ