ld64 segprot on MacOS Catalina not working?

问题

I want to create a binary on MacOS Catalina (64 bit) with a data segment that can be made executable (see here for details) but is not executable from the start.

I make my binary with

gcc -nostdlib -segprot __DATA rwx rw- ....

I also created an object file with gcc and then called ld directly. The ld version is

$ ld -v
@(#)PROGRAM:ld  PROJECT:ld64-530
BUILD 18:57:17 Dec 13 2019
configured to support archs: armv6 armv7 armv7s arm64 arm64e arm64_32 i386 x86_64 x86_64h armv6m armv7k armv7m armv7em
LTO support using: LLVM version 11.0.0, (clang-1100.0.33.17) (static support for 23, runtime is 23)
TAPI support using: Apple TAPI version 11.0.0 (tapi-1100.0.11)

That should make the data segment initially RW, but allow me to use mprotect to extend permission in that segment to RWX.

However, I notice that the __DATA segment is RW for initial and max permission:

$ otool -l jonesforth
.
.
.
Load command 2
      cmd LC_SEGMENT_64
  cmdsize 312
  segname __DATA
   vmaddr 0x0000000100001000
   vmsize 0x0000000000024000
  fileoff 4096
 filesize 4096
  maxprot 0x00000003
 initprot 0x00000003
   nsects 3
    flags 0x0
Section
.
.
.

Is there something I'm missing? The darwin documentation here says:

-segprot name max init (32-bit only)

              Specifies the maximum and initial virtual memory  protection  of
              the  named segment, name, to be max and init ,respectively.  The
              values for max and init are any combination  of  the  characters
              `r'  (for  read), `w' (for write), `x' (for execute) and '-' (no
              access).  The default is `rwx' for the  maximum  protection  for
              all segments for PowerPC architecures and `rw` for the all Intel
              architecures.  The default for the initial  protection  for  all
              segments  is  `rw'  unless  the segment contains a section which
              contains some machine instructions, in which  case  the  default
              for  the initial protection is `rwx' (and for Intel architecures
              it also sets the maximum protection to `rwx' in this case).  The
              default for the initial protection for the ``__TEXT'' segment is
              `rx' (not writable).

Of course, that the darwin (32 bit only) documentation but it's the only thing I found. I suspect that either gcc does not 'properly' support the darwin protection syntax, or it's broken, or things in darwin changed from x86 to x64.

Any pointers would be great, thanks in advance.

回答1:

Yes, something did happen on March 18:

Apple committed a change that makes ld always set maxprot = initprot for non-i386 architectures, so including x64, ie Catalina. It's unclear whether this was intentional, it's at odds with the ld manpage.

One workaround is of course to set the desired protection level for the entire segment in initprot. One can probably move the desired data/code into a separate segment if one wants to have finer grained control.

Another workaround, thanks to the comment from Darfink: One can also change the linker or modify the desired maxprot after ld runs. Darfink pointed out his ld64 wrapper, a python script, to automate this.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62055486/ld64-segprot-on-macos-catalina-not-working

标签

64-bit

macos-catalina

Darwin