问题
Notice how Google News has sources on the bottom of each article excerpt.
The Guardian - ABC News - Reuters - Bloomberg
I\'m trying to imitate that.
For example, upon submitting the URL http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/3/debt-panel-fails-test-vote/ I want to return The Washington Times
How is this possible with php?
回答1:
My answer is expanding on @AI W's answer of using the title of the page. Below is the code to accomplish what he said.
<?php
function get_title($url){
$str = file_get_contents($url);
if(strlen($str)>0){
$str = trim(preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ', $str)); // supports line breaks inside <title>
preg_match("/\<title\>(.*)\<\/title\>/i",$str,$title); // ignore case
return $title[1];
}
}
//Example:
echo get_title("http://www.washingtontimes.com/");
?>
OUTPUT
Washington Times - Politics, Breaking News, US and World News
As you can see, it is not exactly what Google is using, so this leads me to believe that they get a URL's hostname and match it to their own list.
http://www.washingtontimes.com/ => The Washington Times
回答2:
$doc = new DOMDocument();
@$doc->loadHTMLFile('http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/3/debt-panel-fails-test-vote/');
$xpath = new DOMXPath($doc);
echo $xpath->query('//title')->item(0)->nodeValue."\n";
Output:
Debt commission falls short on test vote - Washington Times
Obviously you should also implement basic error handling.
回答3:
You could fetch the contents of the URL and do a regular expression search for the content of the title element.
<?php
$urlContents = file_get_contents("http://example.com/");
preg_match("/<title>(.*)<\/title>/i", $urlContents, $matches);
print($matches[1] . "\n"); // "Example Web Page"
?>
Or, if you don't want to use a regular expression (to match something very near the top of the document), you could use a DOMDocument object:
<?php
$urlContents = file_get_contents("http://example.com/");
$dom = new DOMDocument();
@$dom->loadHTML($urlContents);
$title = $dom->getElementsByTagName('title');
print($title->item(0)->nodeValue . "\n"); // "Example Web Page"
?>I leave it up to you to decide which method you like best.
回答4:
Using get_meta_tags() from the domain home page, for NYT brings back something which might need truncating but could be useful.
$b = "http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/3/debt-panel-fails-test-vote/" ;
$url = parse_url( $b ) ;
$tags = get_meta_tags( $url['scheme'].'://'.$url['host'] );
var_dump( $tags );
includes the description 'The Washington Times delivers breaking news and commentary on the issues that affect the future of our nation.'
回答5:
PHP manual on cURL
<?php
$ch = curl_init("http://www.example.com/");
$fp = fopen("example_homepage.txt", "w");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FILE, $fp);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
fclose($fp);
?>
PHP manual on Perl regex matching
<?php
$subject = "abcdef";
$pattern = '/^def/';
preg_match($pattern, $subject, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, 3);
print_r($matches);
?>
And putting those two together:
<?php
// create curl resource
$ch = curl_init();
// set url
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "example.com");
//return the transfer as a string
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
// $output contains the output string
$output = curl_exec($ch);
$pattern = '/[<]title[>]([^<]*)[<][\/]titl/i';
preg_match($pattern, $output, $matches);
print_r($matches);
// close curl resource to free up system resources
curl_close($ch);
?>
I can't promise this example will work since I don't have PHP here, but it should help you get started.
回答6:
If you're willing to use a third party service for this, I just built one at www.runway7.net/radar
Gives you title, description and much more. For instance, try your example on Radar. (http://radar.runway7.net/?url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/3/debt-panel-fails-test-vote/)
回答7:
Alternatively you can use Simple Html Dom Parser:
<?php
require_once('simple_html_dom.php');
$html = file_get_html('http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2010/dec/3/debt-panel-fails-test-vote/');
echo $html->find('title', 0)->innertext . "<br>\n";
echo $html->find('div[class=entry-content]', 0)->innertext;
回答8:
i wrote a function to handle it:
function getURLTitle($url){
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
$content = curl_exec($ch);
$contentType = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_CONTENT_TYPE);
$charset = '';
if($contentType && preg_match('/\bcharset=(.+)\b/i', $contentType, $matches)){
$charset = $matches[1];
}
curl_close($ch);
if(strlen($content) > 0 && preg_match('/\<title\b.*\>(.*)\<\/title\>/i', $content, $matches)){
$title = $matches[1];
if(!$charset && preg_match_all('/\<meta\b.*\>/i', $content, $matches)){
//order:
//http header content-type
//meta http-equiv content-type
//meta charset
foreach($matches as $match){
$match = strtolower($match);
if(strpos($match, 'content-type') && preg_match('/\bcharset=(.+)\b/', $match, $ms)){
$charset = $ms[1];
break;
}
}
if(!$charset){
//meta charset=utf-8
//meta charset='utf-8'
foreach($matches as $match){
$match = strtolower($match);
if(preg_match('/\bcharset=([\'"])?(.+)\1?/', $match, $ms)){
$charset = $ms[1];
break;
}
}
}
}
return $charset ? iconv($charset, 'utf-8', $title) : $title;
}
return $url;
}
it fetches the webpage content, and tries to get document charset encoding by ((from highest priority to lowest):
- An HTTP "charset" parameter in a "Content-Type" field.
- A META declaration with "http-equiv" set to "Content-Type" and a value set for "charset".
- The charset attribute set on an element that designates an external resource.
(see http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/charset.html)
and then uses iconv to convert title to utf-8 encoding.
回答9:
Get title of website via link and convert title to utf-8 character encoding：
https://gist.github.com/kisexu/b64bc6ab787f302ae838
function getTitle($url)
{
// get html via url
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/28.0.1500.71 Safari/537.36");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
$html = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
// get title
preg_match('/(?<=<title>).+(?=<\/title>)/iU', $html, $match);
$title = empty($match[0]) ? 'Untitled' : $match[0];
$title = trim($title);
// convert title to utf-8 character encoding
if ($title != 'Untitled') {
preg_match('/(?<=charset\=).+(?=\")/iU', $html, $match);
if (!empty($match[0])) {
$charset = str_replace('"', '', $match[0]);
$charset = str_replace("'", '', $charset);
$charset = strtolower( trim($charset) );
if ($charset != 'utf-8') {
$title = iconv($charset, 'utf-8', $title);
}
}
}
return $title;
}
回答10:
I try to avoid regular expressions when it isn't necessary, I have made a function to get the website title with curl and DOMDocument below.
function website_title($url) {
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// some websites like Facebook need a user agent to be set.
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/27.0.1453.94 Safari/537.36');
$html = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
$dom = new DOMDocument;
@$dom->loadHTML($html);
$title = $dom->getElementsByTagName('title')->item('0')->nodeValue;
return $title;
}
echo website_title('https://www.facebook.com/');
above returns the following: Welcome to Facebook - Log In, Sign Up or Learn More
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4348912/get-title-of-website-via-link