■Samba AD DC(域控制器)的配置
为了使用Active Directory,要事前确认下面项目.
・AD DC服务器的主机名：centos7-samba
・域名：TESTAD
・完整域名：TESTAD.LOCAL
１、事前准备
①CentOS７上主机名的配置
# echo centos7-samba > /etc/hostname
上面的命令实行后、重起让主机名生效。
②因为yum 源里没有现成的samba的Domain Controler,所以通过源码安装
①先安装Samba 在make时依赖的软件包
# yum install perl gcc attr libacl-devel libblkid-devel \
gnutls-devel readline-devel python-devel gdb pkgconfig \
krb5-workstation zlib-devel setroubleshoot-server libaio-devel \
setroubleshoot-plugins policycoreutils-python \
libsemanage-python perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-Parse-Yapp \
perl-Test-Base popt-devel libxml2-devel libattr-devel \
keyutils-libs-devel cups-devel bind-utils libxslt \
docbook-style-xsl openldap-devel autoconf pam-devel \
python2-crypto libtomcrypt libtommath libidn-devel libpcap-devel
②系统cups包没有情况下、cups也要安装,并启动cups服务。
# yum install cups
# systemctl start cups
２、Samba的安装(4.1.12为例,可换成新版4.4.10)
# wget https://download.samba.org/pub/samba/stable/samba-4.1.12.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf samba-4.1.12.tar.gz
# cd samba-4.1.12
# ./configure && make && make install
３、Samba的配置
# /usr/local/samba/bin/samba-tool domain provision –use-rfc2307 –interactive –function-level=2008_R2
Realm: TESTAD.LOCAL (输入最开始设定的域名)
Domain [TESTAD]: (Enter键)
Server Role (dc, member, standalone) [dc]: (Enter键)
DNS backend (SAMBA_INTERNAL, BIND9_FLATFILE, BIND9_DLZ, NONE) [SAMBA_INTERNAL]: (Enter键)
DNS forwarder IP address (write ‘none’ to disable forwarding) [192.168.122.21]: (Enter键)
Administrator password: (管理密码、密码要复合复杂度要求,7文字以上)
Retype password: (管理密码(再次输入))
Looking up IPv4 addresses
Looking up IPv6 addresses
No IPv6 address will be assigned
Setting up secrets.ldb
Setting up the registry
Setting up the privileges database
Setting up idmap db
Setting up SAM db
Setting up sam.ldb partitions and settings
Setting up sam.ldb rootDSE
Pre-loading the Samba 4 and AD schema
Adding DomainDN: DC=testad,DC=local
Adding configuration container
Setting up sam.ldb schema
Setting up sam.ldb configuration data
Setting up display specifiers
Modifying display specifiers
Adding users container
Modifying users container
Adding computers container
Modifying computers container
Setting up sam.ldb data
Setting up well known security principals
Setting up sam.ldb users and groups
Setting up self join
Adding DNS accounts
Creating CN=MicrosoftDNS,CN=System,DC=testad,DC=local
Creating DomainDnsZones and ForestDnsZones partitions
Populating DomainDnsZones and ForestDnsZones partitions
Setting up sam.ldb rootDSE marking as synchronized
Fixing provision GUIDs
A Kerberos configuration suitable for Samba 4 has been generated at /usr/local/samba/private/krb5.conf
Setting up fake yp server settings
Once the above files are installed, your Samba4 server will be ready to use
Server Role: active directory domain controller
Hostname: centos7-samba
NetBIOS Domain: TESTAD
DNS Domain: testad.local
DOMAIN SID: S-1-5-21-4219608262-2753158698-2115138841
到此为止域的配置就结束了。
当要重新进行域的配置时,最好用下的命令把旧域的配置文件删除。
# rm -f /usr/local/samba/etc/smb.conf
# rm -f /usr/local/samba/private/*
# rm -f /usr/local/samba/var/locks/sysvol/*
４、３的命令中生成smb.conf的内容如下、
# cat /usr/local/samba/etc/smb.conf
# Global parameters
[global]
workgroup = TESTAD
realm = TESTAD.LOCAL
netbios name = centos7-samba
server role = active directory domain controller
dns forwarder = 192.168.122.21
idmap_ldb:use rfc2307 = yes
[netlogon]
path = /usr/local/samba/var/locks/sysvol/testad.local/scripts
read only = No
[sysvol]
path = /usr/local/samba/var/locks/sysvol
read only = No
５、Samba的起動
# /usr/local/samba/sbin/samba
６、确认服务器上可以使用的共享目录
# /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -L localhost -U%
Domain=[TESTAD] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.12]
Sharename Type Comment
——— —- ——-
netlogon Disk
sysvol Disk
IPC$ IPC IPC Service (Samba 4.1.12)
Domain=[TESTAD] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 4.1.12]
Server Comment
——— ——-
Workgroup Master
——— ——-
７、域作成以后、如果DNS不正常,DC的功能不能使用、所以要进行DNS的设置。
以下的命令、把域控DNS服务器的ip地址设为自已。
# echo “nameserver 127.0.0.1” > /etc/resolv.conf
做完上面配置后、执下面的命令确认一下DNS服务是否。
①DNS的ZONE的确认
# /usr/local/samba/bin/samba-tool dns zonelist 127.0.0.1 -U administrator
Password for [TESTAD\administrator]:
2 zone(s) found
pszZoneName : testad.local
Flags : DNS_RPC_ZONE_DSINTEGRATED DNS_RPC_ZONE_UPDATE_SECURE
ZoneType : DNS_ZONE_TYPE_PRIMARY
Version : 50
dwDpFlags : DNS_DP_AUTOCREATED DNS_DP_DOMAIN_DEFAULT DNS_DP_ENLISTED
pszDpFqdn : DomainDnsZones.testad.local
pszZoneName : _msdcs.testad.local
Flags : DNS_RPC_ZONE_DSINTEGRATED DNS_RPC_ZONE_UPDATE_SECURE
ZoneType : DNS_ZONE_TYPE_PRIMARY
Version : 50
dwDpFlags : DNS_DP_AUTOCREATED DNS_DP_FOREST_DEFAULT DNS_DP_ENLISTED
pszDpFqdn : ForestDnsZones.testad.local
②DNS的记录的确认
# host -t SRV _ldap._tcp.TESTAD.LOCAL
_ldap._tcp.TESTAD.LOCAL has SRV record 0 100 389 centos7-samba.testad.local.
# host -t SRV _kerberos._udp.TESTAD.LOCAL
_kerberos._udp.TESTAD.LOCAL has SRV record 0 100 88 centos7-samba.testad.local.
# host -t A centos7-samba.testad.local
centos7-samba.testad.local has address 192.168.122.84
８、Kerberos的配置
以下进行、Kerberos的配置。实行下面的命令、复制模板配置文件。
# cp /usr/local/samba/private/krb5.conf /etc/krb5.conf
cp: `/etc/krb5.conf’ 替换? y
测试一下Keroberos的功能。（形式：kinit administrator@完整域名大写
# kinit administrator@TESTAD.LOCAL
Password for administrator@TESTAD.LOCAL:
Warning: Your password will expire in 41 days on 2015年09月07日 星期一 15时57分48秒
如果出现下面的错误信息、检查一下DNS域名是否输入错误,是否已经大写。
# kinit administrator@testad.local
Password for administrator@testad.local:
kinit: KDC reply did not match expectations while getting initial credentials
９、Firewalled・SELinux的配置
防火墙有効化的情况下,执行下面的命令开放相应的端口。
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=samba
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=kerberos
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=ldap
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=ldaps
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=dns
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-service=ntp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=135/tcp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=464/tcp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=1024/tcp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=3268/tcp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=3269/tcp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=137/udpp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=138/udp
# firewall-cmd –permanent –zone=public –add-port=389/udp
# firewall-cmd –reload
如果启用了SELinux,还要执行下面的命令。
# setsebool -P samba_domain_controller on
# setsebool -P samba_export_all_ro on
# setsebool -P samba_export_all_rw on
# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on
如果不需要防火墙,可以通过下面的命令关闭防火墙。
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
如果不需要SELinux,可能通过下面的命令使SELinux无效。
# setenforce 0
# sed -i.bak “/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/g” /etc/selinux/config
１０、登录域
Windows 客户端上DNS服务器的地址配为 DC服务器地址之后操作、「计算机名/域名的更改」域（TESTAD）登录。
在rhel7.3上，如果执行samba-tool domain provision时出现以下的错误解决方法为
注释掉 /etc/krb5.conf 的 includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/这一行。
问题:
ERROR(ldb): uncaught exception – operations error at ../source4/dsdb/samdb/ldb_modules/password_hash.c:2241
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/netcmd/__init__.py”, line 175, in _run
return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/netcmd/domain.py”, line 461, in run
nosync=ldap_backend_nosync, ldap_dryrun_mode=ldap_dryrun_mode)
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/provision/__init__.py”, line 2171, in provision
skip_sysvolacl=skip_sysvolacl)
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/provision/__init__.py”, line 1794, in provision_fill
next_rid=next_rid, dc_rid=dc_rid)
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/provision/__init__.py”, line 1452, in fill_samdb
“KRBTGTPASS_B64”: b64encode(krbtgtpass.encode(‘utf-16-le’))
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/provision/common.py”, line 55, in setup_add_ldif
ldb.add_ldif(data, controls)
File “/usr/local/samba/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/samba/__init__.py”, line 225, in add_ldif
self.add(msg, controls)
原因：
/etc/krb5.conf 的 includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/ 不正确
把这一行注释掉.
# vi /etc/krb5.conf
<略>
#includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/ ←注释
<略>
11 直接访问samba内置openldap数据的方法
修改smb.conf添加
ldap server require strong auth = No
然后重启smbd
执行命令
ldapsearch -h TESTAD.LOCAL -x -LLL -D “cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=testad,dc=local” -W -b “cn=Users,dc=testad,dc=local”
１２ 将samba做的自启动服务
编辑文件
/etc/systemd/system/samba-ad-dc.service
－－－－samba-ad-dc.service内容开始－－－－－－－
[Unit]
Description=Samba4 AD DC
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/samba/sbin/samba -i
PIDFile=/var/run/samba/samba.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
－－－－samba-ad-dc.service内容结束－－－－－－－
执行命令，创建开机启动服务，并启动服务，查看服务状态。
systemctl enable samba-ad-dc
systemctl start samba-ad-dc
systemctl status samba-ad-dc
13 Samba4的密码策略管理命令
现在策略查看命令
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings show
Password informations for domain ‘DC=officepcv1,DC=unix-power,DC=net’
Password complexity: on
Store plaintext passwords: off
Password history length: 24
Minimum password length: 7
Minimum password age (days): 1
Maximum password age (days): 42
Account lockout duration (mins): 30
Account lockout threshold (attempts): 0
Reset account lockout after (mins): 30
Windows的ActiveDirectory 密码策略对应说明
项目 说明
Password complexity 密码的复杂性 ( 英文数字符号混合、3文字以上、不能包含用户名等 )限制
Store plaingtext passwords 密码是否用原文存储
Password history length 过去的密码的历史长度
Minimum password length 最小密码长度
Minimum password age 密码禁止修改的时间 ( 0可立刻修改)
Maximum password age 密码有効期限 ( 0无期限 )
Account lockout duration 密码输入错误在达到一次次数时锁定的时间(分)
Account lockout threshold 密码锁定后的尝试次数 ( 0不锁定 )
Reset account lockout after 密码尝试次数清0的时间(分)
上面参数可通过下面的命令修改（例）。
※密码复杂性检查设为无效
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –complexity=off：
※密码的最小长度设为6
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –min-pwd-length=6
※密码変更禁止期間设为0
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –min-pwd-age=0
※密码有効期限设为无限期
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –max-pwd-age=0
※密码锁定时间设为60分
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –account-lockout-duration=60
※密码锁定前的尝试次数设为5
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –account-lockout-threshold=5
※密码尝试次数清0的時间高为5分钟
# samba-tool domain passwordsettings set –reset-account-lockout-after=5