ASM 管理的 Oracle 19C 数据库ADG的搭建及主备切换

【推荐阅读】微服务还能火多久？>>>

-- 主备库Grid及Oracle Home 目录

/u01/app/grid/product/19.0.0/gihome_1

/u01/app/oraInventory

/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

-- 主库开启强制日志模式、归档模式

SQL> alter database force logging;

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

SQL> archive log list;

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> startup mount

SQL> alter database archivelog;

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> alter system set sga_max_size=180G scope=spfile;

SQL> alter system set sga_target=180G scope=spfile;

SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target=30G scope=spfile;

-- 主库查询添加 stby redo logfile

SQL> select group#, members, bytes from v$log;

SQL> select member from v$logfile;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 8 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 9 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 10 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 11 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 12 ('+DATA') size 1G;

SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 13 ('+DATA') size 1G;

-- 分别在主备库配置监听并启动,直接使用 netmgr 工具生成添加如下内容

$ vi listener.ora

-- prmy

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ynsb)

(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1)

(SID_NAME = ynsb)

)

-- stby

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ynsbsby)

(ORACLE_HOME =/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1)

(SID_NAME = ynsbsby)

)

$ lsnrctl reload

-- 主备库配置 tnsnames.ora 内容如下

$ vi tnsnames.ora

LISTENER_YNSB =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sjz)(PORT = 1521))

YNSB =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sjz)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ynsb)

)

YNSBSBY =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sjz)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = ynsbsby)

)

-- 配置好后拷贝到备库

$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/ * oracle@172.30.2.54:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/

-- 在备库创建必要的目录,参考主库的pfile中的路径：

$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area

$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/... ...

$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/ynsb/adump

ASMCMD> cd +DATA

ASMCMD> mkdir YNSBSBY

ASMCMD> cd YNSBSBY

ASMCMD> mkdir DATAFILE

ASMCMD> mkdir CONTROLFILE

ASMCMD> mkdir ONLINELOG

ASMCMD> mkdir PARAMETERFILE

ASMCMD> mkdir TEMPFILE

-- 主库创建 pfile 文件并修改 pfile 如下参数

*.DB_NAME='ynsb'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='ynsb'

alter system set standby_file_management='AUTO';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(ynsb,ynsbsby)'; -- DB_UNIQUE_NAME

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/arch/archive_log/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ynsb';

alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=YNSBSBY VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) LGWR AFFIRM SYNC DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ynsbsby';

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1='ENABLE'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2='ENABLE'

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s_%r.arc

*.REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE

*.archive_lag_target=1800

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=30

-- TNSNAME

alter system set FAL_SERVER='YNSB';

alter system set FAL_CLIENT='YNSBSBY';

alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/arch/archive_log/','/arch/archive_log/' scope=spfile;

alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='+DATA/YNSB/DATAFILE/','+DATA/YNSBSBY/DATAFILE/','+DATA/YNSB/TEMPFILE/','+DATA/YNSBSBY/TEMPFILE/' scope=spfile;

-- 将主库的口令文件及修改后的参数文件copy到备库

$ scp /home/oracle/temp.ora oracle@192.168.1.101:/home/oracle/temp.ora

$ scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdprmy oracle@192.168.1.101:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdstby

-- 主库的参数文件copy到备库并修改如下参数

*.db_unique_name='ynsbsby'

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(ynsb,ynsbsby)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/arch/archive_log/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=ynsbsby'

*.log_archive_dest_2='service=YNSB valid_for=(online_logfiles,PRIMARY_ROLE) lgwr affirm sync db_unique_name=ynsb'

*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable

*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable

*.standby_file_management='auto'

*.fal_server='YNSB' -- TNSNAME

*.fal_client='YNSBSBY'

-- 用新参数重启主数据库：

SQL> shutdown immediate

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

SQL> startup

SQL> alter pluggable database pdborcl open;

-- 用 spfile 将备库启动到nomount 状态

SQL> startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/temp.ora'

SQL> create spfile='+DATA/YNSBSBY/PARAMETERFILE/spfileynsbsby.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/temp.ora';

SQL> shutdown immediate

-- 添加注册数据库到 ASM 中

$ srvctl add database -db ynsbsby -o /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0/db_1

$ srvctl modify database -db ynsbsby -role physical_standby -spfile '+DATA/YNSBSBY/PARAMETERFILE/spfileynsbsby.ora'

-- 开始进行 Active duplicate，执行完毕后，数据库自动进入mount状态

$ rman target sys/oracle123@YNSB auxiliary sys/oracle123@YNSBSBY;

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database;

-- 主库配置

rman target /

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO applied on standby;

-- 打开备库并并启动 apply

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

SQL> alter database open;

-- 备库是只读的

-- 查看主备库

SQL> select log_mode,open_mode ,database_role from v$database;

-- 备库启动 real-time apply：

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

-- 验证DG

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

-- 主备切换

-- 正常切换：主库：

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

-- 备库：

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

-- 主切备

SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL standby;

SQL> startup nomount;

SQL> alter database mount standby database;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED standby DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

-- 备切主

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO primary;

SQL> select status from v$instance;

SQL> alter database open;

-- 打开备库

-- 注：如打开新备库出现如下错误的解决方式：

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

SQL> alter database open;

SQL> alter database recover managed stby database using current logfile disconnect ;

-- 注意：切换后验证DG

-- 主备启停

-- 先启动备库：

$ lsnrctl start

SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED standby DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;

-- 查看备库状态和模式

SQL> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role from v$database;

-- 再启动主库：

$ lsnrctl start

SQL> startup

-- 查看主库状态和模式：

SQL> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role from v$database;

-- 在主库归档当前日志：

SQL> alter system archive log current;

-- 监控备库：

-- 查看stby库的log_archive_dest_1下应该有archive产生。

-- 查寻v$archived_log，有新的日志记录出现。最大sequence#，应该为主库v$log中current状态日志的序列号减一。

SQL>select sequence#,applied,first_time,next_time,resetlogs_change#,completion_time from v$archived_log order by sequence#;

-- 查看服务是否启动：

SQL> select process,status,client_process,sequence#,BLOCK# from v$managed_standby;

-- 查看是否有遗漏的归档日志

SQL> select * from v$archive_gap;

-- 关闭 dataguard

-- 先关闭主库：

SQL> alter system archive log current;

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

-- 再关闭备库：

SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED standby DATABASE CANCEL;

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4325154/blog/3235799

标签

Sequence

RMan

Oracle

adg

ASM

Pluggable