Webbench是有名的网站压力测试工具,它是由Lionbridge公司(http://www.lionbridge.com)开发.它的帮助文件和文档请到:www.webbench.com上查看.
Webbech能测试处在相同硬件上,不同服务的性能以及不同硬件上同一个服务的运行状况.webBech的标准测试可以向我们展示服务器的两项 内容:每秒钟相应请求数和每秒钟传输数据量.webbench不但能具有便准静态页面的测试能力,还能对动态页面(ASP,PHP,JAVA,CGI)进 行测试的能力.还有就是他支持对含有SSL的安全网站例如电子商务网站进行静态或动态的性能测试.
下载：
官方网站:http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/webbench.html
安装：
tar zxvf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
cd webbench-1.5
make;make install
使用：
webbench -c 200 -t 20 http://www.doglover.net/
其中-c 200 代表200个并发用户进行访问-t 20 即20S，访问的url为http://www.doglover.net/；运行20S之后可以看到如下的结果：
可以根据打印中的信息来判断网站的抗压情况。另外使用 webbench -help 可以获得更多的使用信息。
源码分析：
整个webbench工程一共有两个C文件：socket.c和webbench.c。具体的分析如下：
socket.c
/* $Id: socket.c 1.1 1995/01/01 07:11:14 cthuang Exp $ * * This module has been modified by Radim Kolar for OS/2 emx *//*********************************************************************** module: socket.c program: popclient SCCS ID: @(#)socket.c 1.5 4/1/94 programmer: Virginia Tech Computing Center compiler: DEC RISC C compiler (Ultrix 4.1) environment: DEC Ultrix 4.3 description: UNIX sockets code. ***********************************************************************/ #include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include <netdb.h>#include <sys/time.h>#include <string.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdarg.h>int Socket(const char *host, int clientPort){ int sock; unsigned long inaddr; struct sockaddr_in ad; struct hostent *hp; //获取host memset(&ad, 0, sizeof(ad)); ad.sin_family = AF_INET; inaddr = inet_addr(host); if (inaddr != INADDR_NONE) memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, &inaddr, sizeof(inaddr)); else { hp = gethostbyname(host); if (hp == NULL) return -1; memcpy(&ad.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length); } ad.sin_port = htons(clientPort); //socket建立 sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (sock < 0) return sock; //连接 if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&ad, sizeof(ad)) < 0) return -1; return sock;}webbench.c
/* * (C) Radim Kolar 1997-2004 * This is free software, see GNU Public License version 2 for * details. * * Simple forking WWW Server benchmark: * * Usage: * webbench --help * * Return codes: * 0 - sucess * 1 - benchmark failed (server is not on-line) * 2 - bad param * 3 - internal error, fork failed * */ #include "socket.c"//这里只有本文件用到了socket.c文件，所以可以这样包含进来#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/param.h>#include <rpc/types.h>#include <getopt.h>#include <strings.h>#include <time.h>#include <signal.h>/* values */volatile int timerexpired=0;int speed=0;int failed=0;int bytes=0;/* globals */int http10=1; /* 0 - http/0.9, 1 - http/1.0, 2 - http/1.1 *//* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */#define METHOD_GET 0#define METHOD_HEAD 1#define METHOD_OPTIONS 2#define METHOD_TRACE 3#define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"int method=METHOD_GET;int clients=1;int force=0;int force_reload=0;int proxyport=80;char *proxyhost=NULL;int benchtime=30;/* internal */int mypipe[2];char host[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];#define REQUEST_SIZE 2048char request[REQUEST_SIZE];static const struct option long_options[]={ {"force",no_argument,&force,1}, {"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1}, {"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'}, {"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'}, {"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'}, {"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'}, {"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'}, {"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET}, {"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD}, {"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS}, {"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE}, {"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'}, {"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'}, {"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'}, {NULL,0,NULL,0}};/* prototypes */static void benchcore(const char* host,const int port, const char *request);static int bench(void);static void build_request(const char *url);static void alarm_handler(int signal){ timerexpired=1;} static void usage(void){//标准错误输出打印下面的字符串，在"" ""中代表一个连续的字符串 fprintf(stderr, "webbench [option]... URL\n" " -f|--force Don't wait for reply from server.\n" " -r|--reload Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\n" " -t|--time <sec> Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\n" " -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\n" " -c|--clients <n> Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\n" " -9|--http09 Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\n" " -1|--http10 Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\n" " -2|--http11 Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\n" " --get Use GET request method.\n" " --head Use HEAD request method.\n" " --options Use OPTIONS request method.\n" " --trace Use TRACE request method.\n" " -?|-h|--help This information.\n" " -V|--version Display program version.\n" );};int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ int opt=0; int options_index=0; char *tmp=NULL; //检查参数，参数不对进行用法展示 if(argc==1) { usage(); return 2; } //获取传入的命令行参数，根据long_options设置进行返回。optarg和optind为外部变量 while((opt=getopt_long(argc,argv,"912Vfrt:p:c:?h",long_options,&options_index))!=EOF ) {//根据解析出的参数进行赋值到变量中进行后续的使用 switch(opt) { case 0 : break; case 'f': force=1;break; case 'r': force_reload=1;break; case '9': http10=0;break; case '1': http10=1;break; case '2': http10=2;break; case 'V': printf(PROGRAM_VERSION"\n");exit(0); case 't': benchtime=atoi(optarg);break; case 'p': /* proxy server parsing server:port */ tmp=strrchr(optarg,':'); proxyhost=optarg; if(tmp==NULL) { break; } if(tmp==optarg) { fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s: Missing hostname.\n",optarg); return 2; } if(tmp==optarg+strlen(optarg)-1) { fprintf(stderr,"Error in option --proxy %s Port number is missing.\n",optarg); return 2; } *tmp='\0'; proxyport=atoi(tmp+1);break; case ':': case 'h': case '?': usage();return 2;break; case 'c': clients=atoi(optarg);break; } } //检查参数个数 if(optind==argc) { fprintf(stderr,"webbench: Missing URL!\n"); usage(); return 2; }//检查客户并发数和测试时间，并对违法的设置给出默认的值 if(clients==0) clients=1; if(benchtime==0) benchtime=60; /* Copyright */ fprintf(stderr,"Webbench - Simple Web Benchmark "PROGRAM_VERSION"\n" "Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.\n" ); //建立requst命令 build_request(argv[optind]); /* print bench info */ printf("\nBenchmarking: "); switch(method) { case METHOD_GET: default: printf("GET");break; case METHOD_OPTIONS: printf("OPTIONS");break; case METHOD_HEAD: printf("HEAD");break; case METHOD_TRACE: printf("TRACE");break; } printf(" %s",argv[optind]); switch(http10) { case 0: printf(" (using HTTP/0.9)");break; case 2: printf(" (using HTTP/1.1)");break; } printf("\n"); if(clients==1) printf("1 client"); else printf("%d clients",clients); printf(", running %d sec", benchtime); if(force) printf(", early socket close"); if(proxyhost!=NULL) printf(", via proxy server %s:%d",proxyhost,proxyport); if(force_reload) printf(", forcing reload"); printf(".\n"); //以上区间为打印的提示信息，下面的主处理 return bench();}void build_request(const char *url){ char tmp[10]; int i;//清零 bzero(host,MAXHOSTNAMELEN); bzero(request,REQUEST_SIZE);//设置版本http if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL && http10<1) http10=1; if(method==METHOD_HEAD && http10<1) http10=1; if(method==METHOD_OPTIONS && http10<2) http10=2; if(method==METHOD_TRACE && http10<2) http10=2;//测试方式 switch(method) { default: case METHOD_GET: strcpy(request,"GET");break; case METHOD_HEAD: strcpy(request,"HEAD");break; case METHOD_OPTIONS: strcpy(request,"OPTIONS");break; case METHOD_TRACE: strcpy(request,"TRACE");break; }//拼接requset命令 strcat(request," "); if(NULL==strstr(url,"://")) { fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: is not a valid URL.\n",url); exit(2); } if(strlen(url)>1500) { fprintf(stderr,"URL is too long.\n"); exit(2); } if(proxyhost==NULL) if (0!=strncasecmp("http://",url,7)) { fprintf(stderr,"\nOnly HTTP protocol is directly supported, set --proxy for others.\n"); exit(2); } /* protocol/host delimiter */ i=strstr(url,"://")-url+3; /* printf("%d\n",i); */ if(strchr(url+i,'/')==NULL) { fprintf(stderr,"\nInvalid URL syntax - hostname don't ends with '/'.\n"); exit(2); } if(proxyhost==NULL) { /* get port from hostname */ if(index(url+i,':')!=NULL && index(url+i,':')<index(url+i,'/')) { strncpy(host,url+i,strchr(url+i,':')-url-i); bzero(tmp,10); strncpy(tmp,index(url+i,':')+1,strchr(url+i,'/')-index(url+i,':')-1); /* printf("tmp=%s\n",tmp); */ proxyport=atoi(tmp); if(proxyport==0) proxyport=80; } else { strncpy(host,url+i,strcspn(url+i,"/")); } // printf("Host=%s\n",host); strcat(request+strlen(request),url+i+strcspn(url+i,"/")); } else { // printf("ProxyHost=%s\nProxyPort=%d\n",proxyhost,proxyport); strcat(request,url); } if(http10==1) strcat(request," HTTP/1.0"); else if (http10==2) strcat(request," HTTP/1.1"); strcat(request,"\r\n"); if(http10>0) strcat(request,"User-Agent: WebBench "PROGRAM_VERSION"\r\n"); if(proxyhost==NULL && http10>0) { strcat(request,"Host: "); strcat(request,host); strcat(request,"\r\n"); } if(force_reload && proxyhost!=NULL) { strcat(request,"Pragma: no-cache\r\n"); } if(http10>1) strcat(request,"Connection: close\r\n"); /* add empty line at end */ if(http10>0) strcat(request,"\r\n"); // printf("Req=%s\n",request);}/* vraci system rc error kod */static int bench(void){ int i,j,k; pid_t pid=0; FILE *f; /* check avaibility of target server */ i=Socket(proxyhost==NULL?host:proxyhost,proxyport); if(i<0) { fprintf(stderr,"\nConnect to server failed. Aborting benchmark.\n"); return 1; } close(i); /* create pipe */ if(pipe(mypipe)) { perror("pipe failed."); return 3; } /* not needed, since we have alarm() in childrens */ /* wait 4 next system clock tick */ /* cas=time(NULL); while(time(NULL)==cas) sched_yield(); */ /* fork childs */ for(i=0;i<clients;i++) { pid=fork(); if(pid <= (pid_t) 0) { /* child process or error*/ sleep(1); /* make childs faster */ break; } } if( pid< (pid_t) 0) { fprintf(stderr,"problems forking worker no. %d\n",i); perror("fork failed."); return 3; } if(pid== (pid_t) 0) { /* I am a child */ //子进程进行 if(proxyhost==NULL) benchcore(host,proxyport,request); else benchcore(proxyhost,proxyport,request); /* write results to pipe */ //将得到的信息进行打印到管道里面 f=fdopen(mypipe[1],"w"); if(f==NULL) { perror("open pipe for writing failed."); return 3; } /* fprintf(stderr,"Child - %d %d\n",speed,failed); */ fprintf(f,"%d %d %d\n",speed,failed,bytes); fclose(f); return 0; } else { //父进程进行统计信息 f=fdopen(mypipe[0],"r"); if(f==NULL) { perror("open pipe for reading failed."); return 3; } setvbuf(f,NULL,_IONBF,0); speed=0; failed=0; bytes=0; while(1) {//读取管道中的值 pid=fscanf(f,"%d %d %d",&i,&j,&k); if(pid<2) { fprintf(stderr,"Some of our childrens died.\n"); break; } speed+=i; failed+=j; bytes+=k; /* fprintf(stderr,"*Knock* %d %d read=%d\n",speed,failed,pid); */ if(--clients==0) break; } fclose(f);//输出统计出的信息 printf("\nSpeed=%d pages/min, %d bytes/sec.\nRequests: %d susceed, %d failed.\n", (int)((speed+failed)/(benchtime/60.0f)), (int)(bytes/(float)benchtime), speed, failed); } return i;}void benchcore(const char *host,const int port,const char *req){ int rlen; char buf[1500]; int s,i; struct sigaction sa;//设置定时器信号 /* setup alarm signal handler */ sa.sa_handler=alarm_handler; sa.sa_flags=0; if(sigaction(SIGALRM,&sa,NULL)) exit(3); alarm(benchtime);//在时间段内进行循环的访问request命令和接收回复并进行统计 rlen=strlen(req); nexttry:while(1) { if(timerexpired) { if(failed>0) { /* fprintf(stderr,"Correcting failed by signal\n"); */ failed--; } return; } s=Socket(host,port); if(s<0) { failed++;continue;} if(rlen!=write(s,req,rlen)) {failed++;close(s);continue;} if(http10==0) if(shutdown(s,1)) { failed++;close(s);continue;} if(force==0) { /* read all available data from socket */ while(1) { if(timerexpired) break; i=read(s,buf,1500); /* fprintf(stderr,"%d\n",i); */ if(i<0) { failed++; close(s); goto nexttry; } else if(i==0) break; else bytes+=i; } } if(close(s)) {failed++;continue;} speed++; }}一个比较见到处理流程示意图，其中忽略了错误处理，只体现了大致的处理过程。
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/cfzhang/p/705e45f34ccda8fc10e6e2003797c374.html