LNMP环境搭建(CentOS 6.5 64bit Nginx MySQL5.1.62 PHP-5.3.16)

准备

---

•  CentOS 6.5 64bit
•  必要时先清空iptables， 关闭SELINUX
•  源文件下载的目录是 /usr/local/src

安装 先下载各个软件包

---

 

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
wget http://au.php.net/get/php-5.3.16.tar.gz/from/us.php.net/mirror
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/APC-3.1.9.tgz
wget http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.30/pcre-8.30.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fpcre%2Ffiles%2Fpcre%2F8.30%2F&ts=1335184494&use_mirror=aarnet
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Feaccelerator%2Ffiles%2Feaccelerator%2FeAccelerator%25200.9.6.1%2F&ts=1335276559&use_mirror=waix

 

然后安装各个库，依次是libiconv，libmcrypt，mhash， mcrypt 和pcre

---

 

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install

cd ../
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.30
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

 

一、安装MYSQL

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首先是添加组

groupadd mysql

#创建目录，存放data和pid

mkdir -p /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/
chown -r mysql:mysql /home/mysql/
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mysql

 

然后是解压，编译和安装，注意，我将LNMP需要的应用都放在了/usr/local/webserver里面

---

 

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install

 

修改目录权限，配置文件，因为不是什么大型服务器，所以先复制使用默认的中等配置文件，同时将自带用于启动，重启mysql的文件复制到init.d目录，用于service命令来restart等操作，最后是创建开机启动

---

 

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --user=mysql
cp -f /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#将skip-locking 转换成skip-external-locking
sed -i 's/skip-locking/skip-external-locking/g ' /etc/my.cnf 
sed -i 's:#innodb:innodb:g ' /etc/my.cnf
cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #添加执行权限
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/insclude/mysql /usr/include/mysql
chkconfig mysqld on #设置开机启动

 

在my.cnf 的[mysqld]里面增加（或将对应字段修改成）以下：

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log-error = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/mysql_error.log
pid-file = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/mysql.pid
datadir = /home/mysql/mysql-5.1.62/3306/data

 

重启机器后，mysql会自动启动，接着是设定其root帐号密码，再先将默认帐号密码都去掉

---

 

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘root '

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from user where not (user= 'root ') ;
delete from user where user= 'root ' and password= ' ';
drop database test;
DROP USER ''@ '%';
flush privileges;
EOF

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p 'root ' -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

 

二、安装PHP

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cd /usr/local/src
tar zvxf php-5.3.16.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.16
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/php

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS= '-liconv '
make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #因为php5.3开始自带fpm，使用自带的管理脚本
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机自启动
cp /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

 

然后修改php-fpm.conf，将pid改成以下，并将user和group改成www

---

 

pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = www
group = www

 

编译安装apc

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cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf APC-3.1.9.tgz
cd APC-3.1.9
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-apc --enable-apc-mmap --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install

然后修改/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录php.ini，添加apc模块

---

 

extension = "apc.so"
apc.enabled = 1
apc.cache_by_default = on
apc.shm_segments = 1
apc.shm_size = 32M
apc.ttl = 3600
apc.user_ttl = 3600
apc.num_files_hint = 0
apc.write_lock = On

 

三、安装NGINX

---

 

首先是建立好用户组

---

 

groupadd www
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www #www用户不能login
mkdir -p /home/wwwroot #此路径是用于存放各域名的root路径
chmod +w /home/wwwroot
mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
chmod 755 /home/wwwlogs
chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot

 

安装Nginx

---

 

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
make && make install
mkdir /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost/ #用于配置各域名

 

修改Nginx的配置文件

---

 

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容

---

 

user www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
　　use epoll;
　　worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
　　include mime.types;
　　default_type application/octet-stream;
　　server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
　　client_header_buffer_size 32k;
　　large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
　　client_max_body_size 8m;
　　sendfile on;
　　tcp_nopush on;
　　keepalive_timeout 60;
　　tcp_nodelay on;
　　fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
　　fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
　　fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
　　fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
　　fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
　　fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
　　fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
　　gzip on;
　　gzip_min_length 1k;
　　gzip_buffers 4 16k;
　　gzip_http_version 1.0;
　　gzip_comp_level 2;
　　gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
　　gzip_vary on;
　　#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
　　#log format
　　log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
　　'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
　　'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for ';
　　include vhost/*.conf;
}

上面这是基本的nginx配置，接着是设定每个域名的配置信息

---

 

cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost
vi domain.com.conf

输入以下内容，这样nginx就可以支持php了。注意，请根据自身需要设定domain.com

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server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.domain.com domain.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
root /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www;
location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
　　fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
　　fastcgi_index index.php;
　　include fastcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
　　expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
　　expires 12h;
}
　　access_log /home/wwwlogs/domain.com.access.log;
}

 

然后为刚刚的域名创建root目录

---

mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www/

因为默认是没有nginx管理脚本的，在此先新建一个，运行vi /etc/init.d/nginx，输入

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#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults ', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx '
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
}
do_stop() {
kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
}
do_reload() {
kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can 't reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
do_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
echo "."
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
do_reload
echo "."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
do_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0

 

为该文件增加执行权限，并设置为自启动

---

 

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on

 

环境说明

---

 

直接输入以下命令，会得到相应的结果

service nginx restart 重启nginx
service mysqld restart 重启mysql
service php-fpm restart 重启php-fpm
service php-fpm stop 停止php-fpm
service php-fpm start 启动php-fpm

各站点的根目录是/home/wwwroot/
应用的目录是 /usr/local/webserver/

各配置文件的存放位置是：
php: /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/
mysql: /etc/
nginx: /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/

 

 

FAQ

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<Q1> 启动nginx的时候遇到 error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1:
<A1> 增加以下软连接，注意，如果是64位系统，对应目录是/lib64

#cd /lib64
cd /lib
ln -s libpcre.so.0.0.1 libpcre.so.1
  <Q2> configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation.
  <A2> yum -y install libxml2-devel.x86_64

  <Q3> configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>
  <A3> yum install openssl-devel.x86_64



　<Q4>
　　　configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
　　　easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
　<A4> yum -y install libcurl-devel.x86_64



　<Q5> configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.
  <A5> yum -y install libpng-devel.x86_64

 

参考：http://solf.me/compile-nginx-php-mysql-on-centos-lnmp/

 

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/harvis/p/3648274.html