Python中的OS，json，re等模块4-xml模块介绍

1.xml文件

<data>
    <country name="Liechtenstein">
        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2010</year>
        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Austria" />
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Switzerland" />
    </country>
    <country name="Singapore">
        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2013</year>
        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="N" name="Malaysia" />
    </country>
    <country name="Panama">
        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
        <year updated="yes">2013</year>
        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
        <neighbor direction="W" name="Costa Rica" />
        <neighbor direction="E" name="Colombia" />
    </country>
</data>

2.xml中的查询

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
# xml.etree.ElementTree模块名，简写（as）为ET
tree = ET.parse("xml_lesson")
root = tree.getroot()
print(root.tag)

2.1遍历

for i in root:
    print(i)
    print(i.tag)
    print(i.attrib)

2.2遍历xml文档

for child in root:
    print(child.tag, child.attrib)
    for i in child:
        print(i.tag, i.text)

2.3只遍历year 节点

for node in root.iter('year'):
    print(node.tag, node.text)

3.修改

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse("xml_lesson")
root = tree.getroot()
for node in root.iter('year'):
    new_year = int(node.text) + 1
    node.text = str(new_year)
    node.set("updated", "yes")
tree.write("xml_lesson")#写入新文本

4.删除node(删除排名大于50)

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse("xml_lesson")
root = tree.getroot()
for country in root.findall('country'):#findall,,find都是寻找标签,findall可以寻找多个
    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
    if rank > 50:
        root.remove(country)

tree.write('output.xml')

创建xml

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")#创建根节点

name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})#插入子子节点name
age = ET.SubElement(name, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})#插入子子节点age
sex = ET.SubElement(name, "sex")#插入子子节点sex
sex.text = '33'#赋值
name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})
age = ET.SubElement(name2, "age")
age.text = '19'
et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成文档对象
et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)
#ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式

来源：CSDN

作者：政蓬

链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45147782/article/details/104631319