${var#str} 从左向右匹配,非贪婪匹配,截取并保留右边的内容
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt#*34} # 56abc123456
${var##str} 从左向右匹配,贪婪匹配,截取并保留右边的内容
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt##*34} # 56
${var%str} 从右向左匹配,非贪婪匹配,截取并保留左边的内容
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt%34*} # 123456abc12
${var%%str} 从右向左匹配,贪婪匹配,截取并保留左边的内容
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt%%34*} # 12
${var:index:len} 正序从index位置开始截取并保留右边len个字符
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt:5:3} # 6ab # index从0开始
${var:0-index:len} 倒序从index位置开始截取并保留右边len个字符
txt='123456abc123456' echo ${txt:0-5:3} # 234 # index从1开始
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/Peter2014/p/10969883.html