文章目录
简单例子
from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
client = InfluxDBClient('localhost', 8086, 'aiops_logwarn') # 连接数据库
client.create_database('example') # 创建数据库
points = [ # 待写入数据库的点组成的列表
{
"measurement": "cpu_load_short",
"tags": {
"host": "server01",
"region": "us-west"
},
"time": "2009-11-10T23:00:00Z",
"fields": {
"value": 0.64
}
}
]
client.write_points(points, database='example') # 将这些点写入指定database
# 查询刚刚写入的点
result = client.query('select value from cpu_load_short;', database='example')
print(result)
ResultSet({'('cpu_load_short', None)': [{'time': '2009-11-10T23:00:00Z', 'value': 0.64}]})
详细API
要连接influxdb数据库，需创建一个influxdb client，目前支持两种客户端：
- InfluxDBClient
- DataFrameClient
InfluxDBClient
可以使用以下几种连接方式来创建InfluxDBClient对象
from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
# using Http
client = InfluxDBClient(database='dbname')
client = InfluxDBClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=8086, database='dbname')
client = InfluxDBClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=8086, username='root', password='root', database='dbname')
# using UDP
client = InfluxDBClient(host='127.0.0.1', database='dbname', use_udp=True, udp_port=4444)
InfluxDBClient类详细说明
InfluxDBClient类的参数说明
class influxdb.InfluxDBClient(host=u'localhost', port=8086, username=u'root', password=u'root', database=None, ssl=False, verify_ssl=False, timeout=None, retries=3, use_udp=False, udp_port=4444, proxies=None, pool_size=10, path=u'', cert=None)
| 参数 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| host | InfluxDB主机, 默认为 ‘localhost’ |
| port (int) | 端口号，默认8086 |
| username (str) | 用户名，默认root |
| password (str) | 密码，默认root |
| pool_size (int) | urllib3 连接池大小，默认10 |
| database (str) | 要连接的数据库名，默认None |
| ssl (bool) | 是否使用https连接InfluxDB，默认False |
| verify_ssl (bool) | 是否对https请求采用ssl认证，默认False |
| timeout (int) | 请求创建连接到客户端的timeout秒数，默认None |
| retries (int) | 连接客户端重试次数，默认3 |
| use_udp (bool) | 是否使用udp连接InfluxDB, 默认False |
| udp_port (int) | UDP port, 默认4444 |
| proxies (dict) | HTTP(S) 代理，默认为空dict |
| path (str) | 服务器上InfluxDB的连接路径, 默认为’’ |
cert (str) – 客户端证书信息的路径，用于相互TLS身份验证。您可以指定本地证书，以用作包含私钥和证书的单个文件，也可以用作两个文件路径的元组，默认为None
InfluxDB类的方法
- 修改数据库的现有保存策略
alter_retention_policy(name, database=None, duration=None, replication=None, default=None, shard_duration=None) - 关闭http会话
close() - 为数据库创建一个连续的查询
create_continuous_query(name, select, database=None, resample_opts=None) - 在InfluxDB中创建一个新数据库
create_database(dbname) - 为数据库创建保留策略
create_retention_policy(name, duration, replication, database=None, default=False, shard_duration=u'0s') - 在InfluxDB中创建一个新用户
create_user(username, password, admin=False) - 从数据库中删除Series
delete_series(database=None, measurement=None, tags=None) - 删除现有的数据库连续查询
drop_continuous_query(name, database=None) - 从InfluxDB中删除数据库
drop_database(dbname) - 从InfluxDB中删除一个measurement
drop_measurement(measurement) - 删除数据库的现有保留策略
drop_retention_policy(name, database=None) - 从InfluxDB中删除用户
drop_user(username) - 类方法：从给定的数据源名称生成一个InfluxDBClient实例
classmethodfrom_dsn(dsn, **kwargs)
举例：cli = InfluxDBClient.from_dsn('influxdb://username:password@\localhost:8086/databasename', timeout=5) - 获取InfluxDB中连续查询的列表
get_list_continuous_queries() - 获取InfluxDB中的数据库列表
get_list_database() - 获取InfluxDB中的measurements列表
get_list_measurements() - 获取授予给定用户的所有特权的列表
get_list_privileges(username) - 获取数据库的保留策略列表
get_list_retention_policies(database=None) - 获取InfluxDB中所有用户的列表
get_list_users() - 向用户授予管理员权限
grant_admin_privileges(username) - 向用户授予数据库权限
grant_privilege(privilege, database, username) - 检查与InfluxDB的连接
ping() - 查询
query(query, params=None, bind_params=None, epoch=None, expected_response_code=200, database=None, raise_errors=True, chunked=False, chunk_size=0, method=u'GET') - 向InfluxDB API发出HTTP请求
request(url, method=u'GET', params=None, data=None, expected_response_code=200, headers=None) - 撤消用户的管理员权限
revoke_admin_privileges(username) - 撤消用户对数据库的权限
revoke_privilege(privilege, database, username) - 发送UDP数据包
send_packet(packet, protocol=u'json', time_precision=None) - 更改现有用户的密码
set_user_password(username, password) - 更改客户端的数据库
switch_database(database) - 更改客户端的用户名
switch_user(username, password) - 写入数据库
write(data, params=None, expected_response_code=204, protocol=u'json') - 写入多个时间序列名称
write_points(points, time_precision=None, database=None, retention_policy=None, tags=None, batch_size=None, protocol=u'json', consistency=None)
DataFrameClient
DataFrameClient类的参数说明
classinfluxdb.DataFrameClient(host=u'localhost', port=8086, username=u'root', password=u'root', database=None, ssl=False, verify_ssl=False, timeout=None, retries=3, use_udp=False, udp_port=4444, proxies=None, pool_size=10, path=u'', cert=None)
DataFrame类的方法
- 将数据查询到DataFrame中
query(query, params=None, bind_params=None, epoch=None, expected_response_code=200, database=None, raise_errors=True, chunked=False, chunk_size=0, method=u'GET', dropna=True) - 写入多个时间序列名称
write_points(dataframe, measurement, tags=None, tag_columns=None, field_columns=None, time_precision=None, database=None, retention_policy=None, batch_size=None, protocol=u'line', numeric_precision=None)
详细例子
InfluxDBClient例子
import argparse
from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
def main(host='localhost', port=8086):
"""Instantiate a connection to the InfluxDB."""
user = '用户名'
password = '密码'
dbname = '数据库名'
dbuser = '数据库用户名'
dbuser_password = '数据库用户密码'
query = 'select Float_value from cpu_load_short;'
query_where = 'select Int_value from cpu_load_short where host=$host;'
bind_params = {'host': 'server01'}
json_body = [
{
"measurement": "cpu_load_short",
"tags": {
"host": "server01",
"region": "us-west"
},
"time": "2009-11-10T23:00:00Z",
"fields": {
"Float_value": 0.64,
"Int_value": 3,
"String_value": "Text",
"Bool_value": True
}
}
]
client = InfluxDBClient(host, port, user, password, dbname)
print("创建数据库: " + dbname)
client.create_database(dbname)
print("创建retention策略")
client.create_retention_policy('awesome_policy', '3d', 3, default=True)
print("切换用户: " + dbuser)
client.switch_user(dbuser, dbuser_password)
print("写入points: {0}".format(json_body))
client.write_points(json_body)
print("查询数据: " + query)
result = client.query(query)
print("结果: {0}".format(result))
print("查询data: " + query_where)
result = client.query(query_where, bind_params=bind_params)
print("结果: {0}".format(result))
print("切换用户: " + user)
client.switch_user(user, password)
print("删除数据库: " + dbname)
client.drop_database(dbname)
def parse_args():
"""解析args"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='example code to play with InfluxDB')
parser.add_argument('--host', type=str, required=False,
default='localhost',
help='hostname of InfluxDB http API')
parser.add_argument('--port', type=int, required=False, default=8086,
help='port of InfluxDB http API')
return parser.parse_args()
if __name__ == '__main__':
args = parse_args()
main(host=args.host, port=args.port)
DataFrameClient例子
import argparse
import pandas as pd
from influxdb import DataFrameClient
def main(host='localhost', port=8086):
user = 'root'
password = 'root'
dbname = 'demo'
protocol = 'line'
client = DataFrameClient(host, port, user, password, dbname)
print("创建 pandas DataFrame")
df = pd.DataFrame(data=list(range(30)),
index=pd.date_range(start='2014-11-16',
periods=30, freq='H'), columns=['0'])
print("创建数据库: " + dbname)
client.create_database(dbname)
print("将DataFrame写入数据库")
client.write_points(df, 'demo', protocol=protocol)
print("写带标签的DataFrame")
client.write_points(df, 'demo',
{'k1': 'v1', 'k2': 'v2'}, protocol=protocol)
print("查询")
client.query("select * from demo")
print("删除数据库: " + dbname)
client.drop_database(dbname)
def parse_args():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description='example code to play with InfluxDB')
parser.add_argument('--host', type=str, required=False,
default='localhost',
help='hostname of InfluxDB http API')
parser.add_argument('--port', type=int, required=False, default=8086,
help='port of InfluxDB http API')
return parser.parse_args()
if __name__ == '__main__':
args = parse_args()
main(host=args.host, port=args.port)
来源：CSDN
作者：数据科学家修炼之道
链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiligey1/article/details/104530893