https://software.intel.com/en-us/mpi-developer-reference-linux-process-pinning

Process Pinning

Use this feature to pin a particular MPI process to a corresponding CPU within a node and avoid undesired process migration. This feature is available on operating systems that provide the necessary kernel interfaces.

Processor Identification

The following schemes are used to identify logical processors in a system:

System-defined logical enumeration
Topological enumeration based on three-level hierarchical identification through triplets (package/socket, core, thread)

The number of a logical CPU is defined as the corresponding position of this CPU bit in the kernel affinity bit-mask. Use the cpuinfo utility, provided with your Intel MPI Library installation or the cat /proc/cpuinfo command to find out the logical CPU numbers.

The three-level hierarchical identification uses triplets that provide information about processor location and their order. The triplets are hierarchically ordered (package, core, and thread).

See the example for one possible processor numbering where there are two sockets, four cores (two cores per socket), and eight logical processors (two processors per core).

NOTE

Logical and topological enumerations are not the same.

Logical Enumeration
0	4	1	5	2	6	3	7

Hierarchical Levels
Socket	0	0	0	1	1	1	1
Core	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
Thread	1	0	1	0	1	0	1

Topological Enumeration
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7

Use the cpuinfo utility to identify the correspondence between the logical and topological enumerations. See Processor Information Utility for more details.

Default Settings

If you do not specify values for any process pinning environment variables, the default settings below are used. For details about these settings, see Environment Variables and Interoperability with OpenMP API.

I_MPI_PIN=on
I_MPI_PIN_MODE=pm
I_MPI_PIN_RESPECT_CPUSET=on
I_MPI_PIN_RESPECT_HCA=on
I_MPI_PIN_CELL=unit
I_MPI_PIN_DOMAIN=auto:compact
I_MPI_PIN_ORDER=compact

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/dhcn/p/12272877.html

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