问题
I want to add a legend to one of my plots, but I have different aesthetics and I never created a legend so I find it very difficult to determine how to build it.
One of my aesthetics is a fill code, which I added manually as a vector. The other aesthetic is a vertical line that I added with geom_vline.
From the graph below, there are three characteristics that I want to add to the legend: 1) The bars with color dark blue, 2) The bars with color light blue and 3) The vertical line.
Does anyone have a suggestion for me on how to code this efficiently?
#df
df <- data.frame(Time_Diff <- runif(1000, 0, 200))
# Show median, IQR range and outliers
colors <- c(rep("blue",3), rep("paleturquoise2",38))
bp_overall <- ggplot(data = df, aes(Time_Diff))
bp_overall +
geom_histogram(binwidth = 5, fill = colors) + #create histogram
ggtitle("Time Difference") +
xlab("Time in Days") +
ylab("Amount") +
geom_vline(xintercept = 3, linetype = "twodash", size = 1, colour= "darkblue") + #show median
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 202, 10)) +
theme_light() +
theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.border = element_blank(), #remove all border lines
axis.line.x = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"), #add x-axis border line
axis.line.y = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black")) + #add y-axis border line
theme(plot.title = element_text(family = windowsFont("Verdana"), color="black", size=14, hjust = 0.5)) +
theme(axis.title = element_text(family = windowsFont("Verdana"), color="black", size=12))
After the suggestion of Djork I arrived to the following script, which works and I am happy with. The only thing I am trying to accomplish now is to get the Legend to be one whole (Histogram Legend and Line Legend are combined into a coherent whole). Anyone has a suggestion?
# reformat data
set.seed(1)
df <- data.frame(runif(1000, 0, 200))
colnames(df) <- "Time_Diff"
bp_overall +
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff <= 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR BLUE"), binwidth = 5) + # subset for blue data, where aes fill is fill group 1 label
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff > 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR TURQUOISE"), binwidth = 5) + # subset for turquoise data, where aes fill is fill group 2 label
scale_fill_manual("Histogram Legend", values=c("blue", "paleturquoise2")) + # manually assign histogram fill colors
geom_vline(aes(xintercept = 3, colour="LINE DARK BLUE"), linetype="twodash", size = 1) + # where aes colour is vline label
scale_colour_manual("Line Legend", values="darkblue") + #removed legend title
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 202, 10)) +
ggtitle("Time Difference") +
xlab("Time in Days") +
ylab("Amount") +
theme_light() +
theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.border = element_blank(),
axis.line.x = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"),
axis.line.y = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"),
legend.position = c(0.95, 0.95),
legend.justification = c("right", "top"),
legend.box.just = ("right"))
回答1:
I think @Jimbou's suggestion is preferable, but there is a work-around for creating legends artificially by assigning a character value to the geom_histogram aes fill value and geom_vline aes colour value, then setting colors in scale_fill_manual or scale_colour_manual.
However with this approach aes fill will only take one value (length 1) so you have to subset your df for the blue and turquoise values and plot a histogram for each, with the cutoff determined by your binwidth.
Here is the approach. Note your data needed reformatting.
# reformat data
set.seed(1)
df <- data.frame(runif(1000, 0, 200))
colnames(df) <- "Time_Diff"
bp_overall <- ggplot(data = df)
bp_overall +
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff <= 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR BLUE"), binwidth = 5) + # subset for blue data, where aes fill is fill group 1 label
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff > 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR TURQUOISE"), binwidth = 5) + # subset for turquoise data, where aes fill is fill group 2 label
scale_fill_manual("Histogram Legend", values=c("blue", "paleturquoise2")) + # manually assign histogram fill colors
geom_vline(aes(xintercept = 3, colour="LINE DARK BLUE"), linetype="twodash", size = 1) + # where aes colour is vline label
scale_colour_manual("Line Legend", values="darkblue") + # manually assign vline colors
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 202, 10)) +
ggtitle("Time Difference") +
xlab("Time in Days") +
ylab("Amount") +
theme_light() +
theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.border = element_blank(),
axis.line.x = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"),
axis.line.y = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"))
Etc. add your remaining theme.
EDITED: To answer question on how to unify legend and decrease spacing between the two legend types
(1) Remove legend name for vline by setting to "" in scale_fill_manual, change histogram fill legend name to "Legend" in scale_colour_manual.
(2) Specify order in which legends should appear, fill first then colour using guides guide_legend.
(3) Remove the y-spacing between the two legend types by setting legend.spacing.y to 0, and remove margins on top and bottom using legend.margin in theme
bp_overall <- ggplot(data = df)
bp_overall +
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff <= 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR BLUE"), binwidth = 5) +
geom_histogram(data = subset(df, Time_Diff > 12.5), aes(x = Time_Diff, fill="BAR TURQUOISE"), binwidth = 5) +
scale_fill_manual(name="Legend", values=c("blue", "paleturquoise2")) +
geom_vline(aes(xintercept = 3, colour="LINE DARK BLUE"), linetype="twodash", size = 1) +
scale_colour_manual(name="", values="darkblue") +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 202, 10)) +
ggtitle("Time Difference") +
xlab("Time in Days") +
ylab("Amount") +
theme_light() +
theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
panel.border = element_blank(),
axis.line.x = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"),
axis.line.y = element_line(size = 0.5, linetype = "solid", colour = "black"),
legend.spacing.y = unit(0, "cm"),
legend.margin=margin(t=0, r=0.5, b=0, l=0.5, unit="cm")) +
guides(fill = guide_legend(order = 1),
colour = guide_legend(order = 2))
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46764729/add-legend-to-ggplot-histogram-with-different-types-of-aesthetics