Python模块、扩展和应用程序可以按以下几种形式进行打包和发布:
python setup.py获取帮助的方式
python setup.py --help
python setup.py --help-commands 所有可以使用的命令,如build,install
python setup.py COMMAND --help 获取特定命令的帮助
python setup.py COMMAND --help-formats 获取特定命令支持使用的格式
打包
1.压缩文件(使用distutils)
Windows的Zip文件和类Unix平台的.tar.gz文件
2.自动解包或自动安装可执行文件
Windows中的.exe文件
3.自包含的,不要求安装的预备运行科执行程序
Windows的.exe文件、Unix上带有一个小的脚本前缀的ZIP压缩文件、Mac上的.app文件等
4.平台相关的安装程序
Windows上的.msi文件、Linux上常见的.rpm、src.rpm和.dep文件等
5.Python eggs
较流行的第三方扩展
发布
“发布”是指一个文件集合,这些文件联合在一起可使用distutils构建、打包和发布模块
创建好的发布可以用于安装,可上传到ftp,上传到各大网络让人下载,也可上传到PyPI与他人共享
创建发布
将各代码文件组织到模块容器中
准备一个README或README.txt文件
而后在容器中创建setup.py文件
setup.py中setup()中可用参数:
platforms: 平台列表
license: 许可证
py_modules: 各模块名称组成的列表,此些模块可能位于包的根目录下(modname),也可能位于某子包目录中(subpkg1.modname)
packages: 各子包名称的列表
......
setup.py关键字大体分为两类:
1.元数据信息
2.包中的内容列表
python setup.py sdist打包(会指定默认格式tar.gz)
可以为sdist指定打包格式:
zip: zip file
gztar: tar.gz file
bztar: tar.bz2 vil2
ztar: tar.Z file
tar: tar file
指定格式sdist打包的方式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py sdist --help-formats
List of available source distribution formats:
--formats=bztar bzip2'ed tar-file
--formats=gztar gzip'ed tar-file
--formats=tar uncompressed tar file
--formats=xztar xz'ed tar-file
--formats=zip ZIP file
--formats=ztar compressed tar file
python setup.py bdist打包(二进制发行版)(会指定默认格式tar.gz)
可以为bdist指定的格式:
gztar: tar.gz file
ztar: tar.Z file
zip: zip file
rpm: RPM Package
pkgtool: Solaris pkgtool
wininst: Windows上自解压的zip格式包
msi:Microsoft Installer
指定格式sdist打包的方式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist --help-formats
List of available distribution formats:
--formats=rpm RPM distribution
--formats=gztar gzip'ed tar file
--formats=bztar bzip2'ed tar file
--formats=xztar xz'ed tar file
--formats=ztar compressed tar file
--formats=tar tar file
--formats=wininst Windows executable installer
--formats=zip ZIP file
--formats=msi Microsoft Installer
打包 ,例:
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[root@kurol python361]# cd pkg1/
[root@kurol pkg1]# ls
__init__.py __pycache__ mymmm.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# touch REMAIN.txt
[root@kurol pkg1]# touch setup.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# vim setup.py
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#!/usr/bin/python36
#
from distutils.core import setup
setup(
name = 'pkg1',
version = '1.0',
author = 'MageEdu',
author_email = 'email@mykurol.com',
py_modules = ['mymmm'],
url = 'http://www.mykurol.com',
download_url = 'http://www.mykurol.com/pymodules/download/',
description = 'test module',
)
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py sdist
running sdist
running check
warning: sdist: manifest template 'MANIFEST.in' does not exist (using default file list)
warning: sdist: standard file not found: should have one of README, README.txt
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
writing manifest file 'MANIFEST'
creating pkg1-1.0
making hard links in pkg1-1.0...
hard linking setup.py -> pkg1-1.0
creating dist
Creating tar archive
removing 'pkg1-1.0' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# ls ##自动生成了MANIFEST文件
MANIFEST REMAIN.txt __init__.py __pycache__ dist mymmm.py setup.py
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
<strong>pkg1-1.0.tar.gz</strong>
使用bdist
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[root@kurol dist]# cd -
/opt/python361/pkg1
[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist
running bdist
running bdist_dumb
running build
running build_py
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb
running install
running install_lib
warning: install_lib: 'build/lib' does not exist -- no Python modules to install
running install_egg_info
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/
Writing build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info
Creating tar archive
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
<strong>pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.tar.gz</strong> pkg1-1.0.tar.gz
指定为zip格式:
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[root@kurol pkg1]# python36 setup.py bdist --formats=zip
running bdist
running bdist_dumb
running build
running build_py
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
file yammm.py (for module yammm) not found
installing to build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb
running install
running install_lib
warning: install_lib: 'build/lib' does not exist -- no Python modules to install
running install_egg_info
Creating build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/
Writing build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb/usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info
creating '/opt/python361/pkg1/dist/pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.zip' and adding '.' to it
adding 'usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pkg1-1.0-py3.6.egg-info'
removing 'build/bdist.linux-x86_64/dumb' (and everything under it)
[root@kurol pkg1]# cd dist/
[root@kurol dist]# ls
pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.tar.gz <strong>pkg1-1.0.linux-x86_64.zip</strong> pkg1-1.0.tar.gz
安装包
python setup.py install
build and install:
python setup.py build:
--build-base /path/to/build_dir ##指定build路径,build在其他路径进行,保证源码的整洁程度
lib,lib.platform
第三方模块的大多数默认路径通常为:site-packages(站点包)
如 /usr/local/python361/lib/python3.6/site-packages
第三方模块自定义安装路径:
--user 如果用户没有写权限,安装到指定用户的目录下(只有普通权限,没有办法写到公共目录中)
--prefix 指定python库文件的安装路径(对公共目录有写权限才能操作)
--exec-prefix 跟python无关的,有其他语言所实现的跟平台有关的,已经编译好的相关文件的安装路径(对公共目录有写权限才能操作)
深度定制 (期望对python模块安装做深度定制)(路径都是自己定义):
--install-purelib /path/to/python_lib (纯Python库文件)
--install-platlib /paht/to/plat_lib (扩展模块,其他语言所实现的)
--install-lib /path/to/lib ( 也可不加区分)
如果同时出现前面3种,第三种lib覆盖前面2种,lib优先级最高。
--install-scripts /path/to/bin(可执行文件的安装路径)
--install-data (指定数据文件安装路径)
--install-headers(指定C代码的头文件安装路径)
---------------------
作者:KurolZ
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/hjxzt1/article/details/73741495
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/hellojack/p/10749885.html