Getting ID of an instance newly launched with ec2-api-tools

问题

I'm launching an EC2 instance, by invoking ec2-run-instances from simple a bash script, and want to perform further operations on that instance (e.g. associate elastic IP), for which I need the instance id.

The command is something like ec2-run-instances ami-dd8ea5a9 -K pk.pem -C cert.pem --region eu-west-1 -t c1.medium -n 1, and its output:

RESERVATION r-b6ea58c1    696664755663    default
INSTANCE    i-945af9e3    ami-dd8ea5b9    pending    0    c1.medium    2010-04-15T10:47:56+0000    eu-west-1a    aki-b02a01c4    ari-39c2e94d

In this example, i-945af9e3 is the id I'm after.

So, I'd need a simple way to parse the id from what the command returns - how would you go about doing it? My AWK is a little rusty... Feel free to use any tool available on a typical Linux box. (If there's a way to get it directly using EC2-API-tools, all the better. But afaik there's no EC2 command to e.g. return the id of the most recently launched instance.)

回答1:

Completing your correct answer, here is a shell script which creates an instance, runs some commands and deletes the instance. It uses awk in the same way as yours.

#!/bin/sh

# Creates an Amazon EC2 virtual machine (an instance) and runs some
# shell commands on it before terminating it. Just an example.
# Stephane Bortzmeyer <stephane+amazon@bortzmeyer.org>

# Parameters you can set.
# Choose an AMI you like (ami-02103876 is a Debian "lenny")
AMI=ami-02103876
# Create your key pair first, for instance on the Web interface
KEY=test-b
KEYDIR=.
# The user name to use depends on the AMI. "root" is common but check
# the documentation of the AMI.
USERNAME=root
# Needs to be a legal Unix group of commands
COMMANDS="(uname -a; df -h; cat /etc/debian_version)"
MAX_CONNECTS=4
MAX_TESTS=6

# If you want to change from the default region, set the environment
# variable EC2_URL for instance 'export
# EC2_URL=https://ec2.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com' to use the 'eu-west-1'
# region

# Also, be sure your default security group allows incoming SSH.

if [ "${EC2_PRIVATE_KEY}" = "" ] || [ "${EC2_CERT}" = "" ]; then
    echo "You need to have X.509 certificate and private key locally, and to set the environment variables EC2_PRIVATE_KEY and EC2_CERT to indicate their locations" 1>&2
    exit 1
fi

start=$(ec2-run-instances --key ${KEY} $AMI)
if [ $? != 0 ]; then
    echo "Machine did not start" 1>&2
    exit 1
fi

AMI_E=$(echo "$start" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $3}')
if [ "$AMI_E" != "$AMI" ]; then
    echo "AMI does not match (got $AMI_E instead of $AMI), the machine probably did not start" 1>&2
    exit 1
fi
INSTANCE=$(echo "$start" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $2}')

# I do not find a way to block until the machine is ready. We

# apparently have to poll.
OVER=0
TESTS=0
while [ $OVER != 1 ] && [ $TESTS -lt $MAX_TESTS ]; do
    description=$(ec2-describe-instances ${INSTANCE})
    STATE=$(echo "$description" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $6}')
    NAME=$(echo "$description" | awk '/^INSTANCE/ {print $4}')
    if [ "$NAME" = "" ]; then
        echo "No instance ${INSTANCE} available. Crashed or was terminated." 1>&2
        exit 1
    fi
    if [ $STATE = "running" ]; then
        OVER=1
    else
        # I like bc but 'echo $(( TESTS+=1 ))' should work, too. Or expr.
        TESTS=$(echo $TESTS+1 | bc)
        sleep 2
    fi
done
if [ $TESTS = $MAX_TESTS ]; then
    echo "${INSTANCE} never got to running state" 1>&2
    ec2-terminate-instances ${INSTANCE}
    exit 1
fi
echo "$INSTANCE is running, name is $NAME"
# The SSH server does not seem reachable immediately. We again have to poll
OVER=0
TESTS=0
while [ $OVER != 1 ] && [ $TESTS -lt $MAX_CONNECTS ]; do
    ssh -o "StrictHostKeyChecking no" -i ${KEYDIR}/${KEY}.pem ${USERNAME}@$NAME "${COMMANDS}"
    if [ $? != 255 ]; then
        # It means we connected successfully (even if the remote command failed)
        OVER=1
    else
        TESTS=$(echo $TESTS+1 | bc)
        sleep 3
    fi
done
if [ $TESTS = $MAX_CONNECTS ]; then
    echo "Cannot connect to ${NAME}" 1>&2
fi
ec2-terminate-instances ${INSTANCE}

回答2:

Ok, at least something like this should work:

instance_id=$(ec2-run-instances ami-dd8ea5a9 [...] | awk '/INSTANCE/{print $2}')

Admittedly I was a bit lazy thinking that it's quicker to ask on SO than to relearn some AWK basics... :-)

Edit: simplified AWK usage as Dennis suggested. Also, using $() instead of `` for clarity, and got rid of intermediate variable.

回答3:

No need to use awk:

# create the instance and capture the instance id
echo "Launching instance..."
instanceid=$(ec2-run-instances --key $pemkeypair --availability-zone $avzone $ami | egrep ^INSTANCE | cut -f2)
if [ -z "$instanceid" ]; then
    echo "ERROR: could not create instance";
    exit;
else
    echo "Launched with instanceid=$instanceid"
fi

from http://www.hulen.com/post/22802124410/unattended-amazon-ec2-install-script

回答4:

As an alternative to ec2-run-instances, you can create one ec2 instance and get InstanceId by one line by awscli run-instances:

export MyServerID=$(aws ec2 run-instances --image-id AMI --count 1 --instance-type t2.micro --key-name "my_ssh_key" --security-group-ids sg-xxx --subnet-id subnet-yyy --query 'Instances[0].InstanceId' --output text)

回答5:

http://www.tothenew.com/blog/how-to-parse-json-by-command-line-in-linux/
best tool to parse json in shell

#get instance id 
cat sample.json | jq '.Instances[0].InstanceId'|sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/"$//' 
#check instances is running or not 
cat status.json | jq '.InstanceStatuses[0].InstanceState.Name'|sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/"$//'

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2644742/getting-id-of-an-instance-newly-launched-with-ec2-api-tools

标签

bash

scripting

awk

amazon-ec2

ec2-api-tools