问题
I am working on a program that evolves creatures over time using a genetic algorithm. However, for some reason, my pygame display stopped working and I have absolutely no idea why. When I run the program, the window opens but then it just sits on a black screen. I have tested to see where the program gets to and about 38 creatures die then nothing happens. However, these creatures should be displaying before their deaths also, but they aren't.Any help would be wonderful! Thank you for all your time!
Here's my code:
import numpy as np
import pygame
import random
#Initializes Pygame & Creates Window
pygame.init()
backgroundColor = (255, 255, 255)
screenSize = (800, 600)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(screenSize)
pygame.display.set_caption("Genetic Algorithm")
screen.fill(backgroundColor)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
#Loads Images & Rectangles
creaturePNG = pygame.image.load("Creature.png").convert_alpha()
foodPNG = pygame.image.load("Food.png").convert_alpha()
#Establishes Size Of Population
creatureCount = 40
deadCreatures = []
numGenerations = 10
#Generates Random 12 Digit DNA For First Generation
def initialDNA():
while True:
randomDNA = ""
total = 0
for i in range(12):
digit = random.randint(1, 9)
total += digit
digit = str(digit)
randomDNA = randomDNA + digit
if total <= 60:
break
return randomDNA
def reproduce(deadCreatureList, creatureCount):
reproducingCreatures = deadCreatureList[0.5*creatureCount:creatureCount]
for i in range(0.25*creatureCount):
creature1 = reproducingCreatures[0]
del reproducingCreatures[0]
creature2 = reproducingCreatures[0]
del reproducingCreatures[0]
DNA1 = str(creature1.DNA)
DNA2 = str(creature2.DNA)
crosspoint = random.randint(0, 12)
newDNA1 = int(DNA1[0:crosspoint] + DNA2[crosspoint:])
newDNA2 = int(DNA2[0:crosspoint] + DNA1[crosspoint:])
return newDNA1, newDNA2
#Creates Creatures From DNA
class Creature:
def __init__(self, DNA, image):
self.DNA = DNA
self.speed = (int(self.DNA[0:2])/100) + 1
self.strength = int(DNA[2:4])/10
self.foodCap = int(DNA[4:6])
self.maxHealth = int(DNA[6:8])
self.health = self.maxHealth
self.regeneration = int(DNA[8:10])/10
self.turnProbability = int(DNA[10:12])
self.currentFood = self.foodCap
self.image = image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.directions = [-1, 1]
self.directionX = random.choice(self.directions)
self.directionY = random.choice(self.directions)
self.isAlive = True
def spawn(self):
self.x = random.randint(25, 775)
self.y = random.randint(25, 575)
self.loc = (self.x, self.y)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 25, 25)
self.rect.center = self.loc
def move(self):
changeDirection = random.randint(0, 100)
if changeDirection < self.turnProbability:
self.directionX = random.choice(self.directions)
self.directionY = random.choice(self.directions)
self.x += self.directionX * self.speed
self.y += self.directionY * self.speed
if self.x > 775:
self.x = 775
elif self.x < 25:
self.x = 25
elif self.y > 575:
self.y = 575
elif self.y < 25:
self.y = 25
self.loc = (self.x, self.y)
self.rect.center = self.loc
def foodCollision(self, foodList):
foodRects = []
for i in range(25):
food = foodList[i]
foodRect = food.rect
foodRects.append(foodRect)
collision = self.rect.collidelist(foodRects)
if collision > 0:
self.currentFood += 20
if self.currentFood > self.foodCap:
self.currentFood = self.foodCap
def creatureCollision(self, creatureList, creatureCount, creatureNumber):
creatureRects = []
for i in range(creatureCount):
creature = creatures[i]
creatureRect = creature.rect
creatureRects.append(creatureRect)
collision = self.rect.collidelist(creatureRects)
creature = creatures[collision]
if collision >= 0:
if collision != creatureNumber:
if creature.health > 0:
self.health -= creature.strength
if self.health < 0:
self.health = 0
def starve(self):
if self.currentFood == 0:
self.health -= 1
def display(self):
screen.blit(self.image, self.loc)
#Creates Food Objects For Creatures To Eat
class Food:
def __init__(self, image):
self.image = image
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
def spawn(self):
self.x = random.randint(25, 775)
self.y = random.randint(25, 575)
self.loc = (self.x, self.y)
self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, 25, 25)
self.rect.center = self.loc
def creatureCollision(self, creatureList, creatureCount):
creatureRects = []
for i in range(creatureCount):
creature = creatures[i]
creatureRects.append(creature.rect)
collision = self.rect.collidelist(creatureRects)
creature = creatures[collision]
if collision >= 0:
if creature.health > 0:
self.spawn()
def display(self):
screen.blit(self.image, self.loc)
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
screen.fill(backgroundColor)
for i in range(numGenerations):
if i == 0:
#Spawns Creatures Into World
creatures = []
for i in range(creatureCount):
DNA = initialDNA()
print (DNA)
creature = Creature(DNA, creaturePNG)
creature.spawn()
creatures.append(creature)
elif i > 0:
creatures = []
for i in range(0.5*creatureCount):
DNA1, DNA2 = reproduce(deadCreatures, creatureCount)
print (DNA1, DNA2)
creature1, creature2 = Creature(DNA1, creaturePNG), Creature(DNA2, creaturePNG)
creature.spawn()
creatures.append(creature)
#Spawns Food Into World
foodList = []
for i in range(25):
food = Food(foodPNG)
food.spawn()
foodList.append(food)
livingCreatures = True
while livingCreatures:
for i in range(25):
food = foodList[i]
food.creatureCollision(creatures, creatureCount)
food.display()
for i in range(creatureCount):
creature = creatures[i]
if creature.health > 0:
creature.move()
creature.foodCollision(foodList)
creature.creatureCollision(creatures, creatureCount, i)
creature.currentFood -= 0.5
if creature.currentFood < 0:
creature.currentFood = 0
if creature.currentFood > 0:
creature.health += creature.regeneration
if creature.health > creature.maxHealth:
creature.health = creature.maxHealth
creature.starve()
creature.display()
if creature.isAlive == True:
if creature.health == 0:
print ("DEATH")
deadCreatures.append(i)
creature.isAlive = False
if len(deadCreatures) == creatureCount:
livingCreatures = False
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(10)
回答1:
I suspect the livingCreatures variable is never set to False, so the pygame.display.flip() never gets called--and you won't see anything on the screen at all until you flip the buffers. The fact that you're filling the screen with a color, but then still seeing black, is a dead giveaway for this sort of problem.
In the future, you should also try to reproduce the problem in a simpler example without domain-specific, irrelevant code.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29906905/why-isnt-my-pygame-display-displaying-anything