首先这是一篇FSM翻译，关于Finite State Machine 的架构赏析，如果项目对ai需求不是非常强，可以在此基础上扩展，keyle也是在学习中欢迎交流，后面两篇计划是在写一篇Behavior Tree(行为树),最后一篇实现基于Lua的AI的热更新 QQ群交流：137728654
Finite State Machine
|
Contents
|
Description
本文介绍的有限状态机框架基于游戏编程精粹1 208页，有限状态机框架实现，游戏编程精粹1是用C++语言描述的，下载链接在文末
This is a Deterministic Finite State Machine framework based on chapter 3.1 of Game Programming Gems 1 by Eric Dybsend. Therea are two classes and two enums. Include them in your project and follow the explanations to get the FSM working properly. There's also a complete example script at the end of this page.
Components
- Transition enum: This enum contains the labels to the transitions that can be fired by the system. Don't change the first label, NullTransition, as the FSMSystem class uses it.
- 转换枚举：为系统中出现的状态转换分配标签，不要改变(移除)NullTransstion标签，FSMSystem会使用到
- StateID enum: This is the ID of the states the game may have. You could use references to the real States' classes but using enums makes the system less susceptible to have code having access to objects it is not supposed to. All the states' ids should be placed here. Don't change the first label, NullStateID, as the FSMSystem class uses it.
- 状态枚举：StateID作为你的游戏中的状态id，你可以引用真实的状态类,但是真实的状态类不应该被代码直接访问到，不要改变(移除)NullTransstion标签，FSMSystem会使用到
- FSMState class: This class has a Dictionary with pairs (Transition-StateID) indicating which new state S2 the FSM should go to when a transition T is fired and the current state is S1. It has methods to add and delete pairs (Transition-StateID), a method to check which state to go to if a transition is passed to it. Two methods are used in the example given to check which transition should be fired (Reason()) and which action(s) (Act()) the GameObject that has the FSMState attached should do. You don't have to use this schema, but some kind of transition-action code must be used in your game.
- FSM状态类 :这个类有一个字典结构<转换枚举，状态枚举>,如果现在的状态是S1,转换条件T被处罚，FSM将切换到S2，这个切换的实现方式是删除/增加字典结构中的集合，通过一个方法去检测转换条件，在examplezhong使用了两个方法，Reason()用以检测过渡到哪种状态，Act()用于处理GameObject，你可以不使用此架构，但是在你的游戏中必须含有过渡动作的处理代码
- FSMSystem: This is the Finite State Machine class that each NPC or GameObject in your game must have in order to use the framework. It stores the NPC's States in a List, has methods to add and delete a state and a method to change the current state based on a transition passed to it (PerformTransition()). You can call this method anywhere within your code, as in a collision test, or within Update() or FixedUpdate().
- FSMSystem使用的前提是你的游戏中有NPC和GameObject，它把NPC的状态都存储到一个List中，它有一个方法去增加或者删除State，也有一个方法用来改变当前的状态基于(PreformTranstion())，你可以在代码的任意一处调用，碰撞测试，Update()或者FixedUpdate()
C# - FSMSystem.cs
How to use:
使用指引：
1. Place the labels for the transitions and the states of the Finite State System
in the corresponding enums.
替换相应的transition枚举与state枚举
2. Write new class(es) inheriting from FSMState and fill each one with pairs (transition-state).
These pairs represent the state S2 the FSMSystem should be if while being on state S1, a
transition T is fired and state S1 has a transition from it to S2. Remember this is a Deterministic FSM.
You can't have one transition leading to two different states.
写一个类继承FSMState并且使用加入对应的transition - state,S2状态是由T这个转换条件触发后由S1过渡到S2，请记住这是有限状态机，所以你不能从一种转换(transition)同时过渡到两种状态
Method Reason is used to determine which transition should be fired.
You can write the code to fire transitions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
Reason方法用来判断是否需要转换状态应该转换到哪个状态，如果你感觉不使用Reason不适合你的项目，那就自己写呗
Method Act has the code to perform the actions the NPC is supposed do if it's on this state.
You can write the code for the actions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
Act方法用于NPC的处理，如果你觉得不适合你的项目，那就自己写呗
3. Create an instance of FSMSystem class and add the states to it.
创建一个FSMSystem的实例，并添加状态
4. Call Reason and Act (or whichever methods you have for firing transitions and making the NPCs
behave in your game) from your Update or FixedUpdate methods.
在Update/FixUpdate调用Reason和Act
Asynchronous transitions from Unity Engine, like OnTriggerEnter, SendMessage, can also be used,
just call the Method PerformTransition from your FSMSystem instance with the correct Transition
when the event occurs.
Unity引擎的异步状态转换可以通过如 : OnTriggerEnter, SendMessage，只需要从FSMSystem实例中调用PerformTransition，进行正确的转换
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
/**
A Finite State Machine System based on Chapter 3.1 of Game Programming Gems 1 by Eric Dybsand
Written by Roberto Cezar Bianchini, July 2010
How to use:
1. Place the labels for the transitions and the states of the Finite State System
2. Write new class(es) inheriting from FSMState and fill each one with pairs (transition-state).
These pairs represent the state S2 the FSMSystem should be if while being on state S1, a
transition T is fired and state S1 has a transition from it to S2. Remember this is a Deterministic FSM.
You can't have one transition leading to two different states.
Method Reason is used to determine which transition should be fired.
You can write the code to fire transitions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
Method Act has the code to perform the actions the NPC is supposed do if it's on this state.
You can write the code for the actions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
3. Create an instance of FSMSystem class and add the states to it.
4. Call Reason and Act (or whichever methods you have for firing transitions and making the NPCs
behave in your game) from your Update or FixedUpdate methods.
Asynchronous transitions from Unity Engine, like OnTriggerEnter, SendMessage, can also be used,
just call the Method PerformTransition from your FSMSystem instance with the correct Transition
when the event occurs.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
/// <summary>
/// Place the labels for the Transitions in this enum.
/// Don't change the first label, NullTransition as FSMSystem class uses it.
/// </summary>
public enum Transition
{
NullTransition = 0, // Use this transition to represent a non-existing transition in your system
}
/// <summary>
/// Place the labels for the States in this enum.
/// Don't change the first label, NullTransition as FSMSystem class uses it.
/// </summary>
public enum StateID
{
NullStateID = 0, // Use this ID to represent a non-existing State in your system
}
/// <summary>
/// This class represents the States in the Finite State System.
/// Each state has a Dictionary with pairs (transition-state) showing
/// which state the FSM should be if a transition is fired while this state
/// is the current state.
/// Method Reason is used to determine which transition should be fired .
/// Method Act has the code to perform the actions the NPC is supposed do if it's on this state.
/// </summary>
public abstract class FSMState
{
protected Dictionary<Transition, StateID> map = new Dictionary<Transition, StateID>();
protected StateID stateID;
public StateID ID { get { return stateID; } }
public void AddTransition(Transition trans, StateID id)
{
// Check if anyone of the args is invalid
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
return;
}
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real ID");
return;
}
// Since this is a Deterministic FSM,
// check if the current transition was already inside the map
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: State " + stateID.ToString() + " already has transition " + trans.ToString() +
"Impossible to assign to another state");
return;
}
map.Add(trans, id);
}
/// <summary>
/// This method deletes a pair transition-state from this state's map.
/// If the transition was not inside the state's map, an ERROR message is printed.
/// </summary>
public void DeleteTransition(Transition trans)
{
// Check for NullTransition
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed");
return;
}
// Check if the pair is inside the map before deleting
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
map.Remove(trans);
return;
}
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: Transition " + trans.ToString() + " passed to " + stateID.ToString() +
" was not on the state's transition list");
}
/// <summary>
/// This method returns the new state the FSM should be if
/// this state receives a transition and
/// </summary>
public StateID GetOutputState(Transition trans)
{
// Check if the map has this transition
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
return map[trans];
}
return StateID.NullStateID;
}
/// <summary>
/// This method is used to set up the State condition before entering it.
/// It is called automatically by the FSMSystem class before assigning it
/// to the current state.
/// </summary>
public virtual void DoBeforeEntering() { }
/// <summary>
/// This method is used to make anything necessary, as reseting variables
/// before the FSMSystem changes to another one. It is called automatically
/// by the FSMSystem before changing to a new state.
/// </summary>
public virtual void DoBeforeLeaving() { }
/// <summary>
/// This method decides if the state should transition to another on its list
/// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
/// </summary>
public abstract void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
/// <summary>
/// This method controls the behavior of the NPC in the game World.
/// Every action, movement or communication the NPC does should be placed here
/// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
/// </summary>
public abstract void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
} // class FSMState
/// <summary>
/// FSMSystem class represents the Finite State Machine class.
/// It has a List with the States the NPC has and methods to add,
/// delete a state, and to change the current state the Machine is on.
/// </summary>
public class FSMSystem
{
private List<FSMState> states;
// The only way one can change the state of the FSM is by performing a transition
// Don't change the CurrentState directly
private StateID currentStateID;
public StateID CurrentStateID { get { return currentStateID; } }
private FSMState currentState;
public FSMState CurrentState { get { return currentState; } }
public FSMSystem()
{
states = new List<FSMState>();
}
/// <summary>
/// This method places new states inside the FSM,
/// or prints an ERROR message if the state was already inside the List.
/// First state added is also the initial state.
/// </summary>
public void AddState(FSMState s)
{
// Check for Null reference before deleting
if (s == null)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Null reference is not allowed");
}
// First State inserted is also the Initial state,
// the state the machine is in when the simulation begins
if (states.Count == 0)
{
states.Add(s);
currentState = s;
currentStateID = s.ID;
return;
}
// Add the state to the List if it's not inside it
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == s.ID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to add state " + s.ID.ToString() +
" because state has already been added");
return;
}
}
states.Add(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// This method delete a state from the FSM List if it exists,
/// or prints an ERROR message if the state was not on the List.
/// </summary>
public void DeleteState(StateID id)
{
// Check for NullState before deleting
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real state");
return;
}
// Search the List and delete the state if it's inside it
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == id)
{
states.Remove(state);
return;
}
}
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to delete state " + id.ToString() +
". It was not on the list of states");
}
/// <summary>
/// This method tries to change the state the FSM is in based on
/// the current state and the transition passed. If current state
/// doesn't have a target state for the transition passed,
/// an ERROR message is printed.
/// </summary>
public void PerformTransition(Transition trans)
{
// Check for NullTransition before changing the current state
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
return;
}
// Check if the currentState has the transition passed as argument
StateID id = currentState.GetOutputState(trans);
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: State " + currentStateID.ToString() + " does not have a target state " +
" for transition " + trans.ToString());
return;
}
// Update the currentStateID and currentState
currentStateID = id;
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == currentStateID)
{
// Do the post processing of the state before setting the new one
currentState.DoBeforeLeaving();
currentState = state;
// Reset the state to its desired condition before it can reason or act
currentState.DoBeforeEntering();
break;
}
}
} // PerformTransition()
} //class FSMSystem
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
/**
A Finite State Machine System based on Chapter 3.1 of Game Programming Gems 1 by Eric Dybsand
Written by Roberto Cezar Bianchini, July 2010
How to use:
1. Place the labels for the transitions and the states of the Finite State System
in the corresponding enums.
2. Write new class(es) inheriting from FSMState and fill each one with pairs (transition-state).
These pairs represent the state S2 the FSMSystem should be if while being on state S1, a
transition T is fired and state S1 has a transition from it to S2. Remember this is a Deterministic FSM.
You can't have one transition leading to two different states.
Method Reason is used to determine which transition should be fired.
You can write the code to fire transitions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
Method Act has the code to perform the actions the NPC is supposed do if it's on this state.
You can write the code for the actions in another place, and leave this method empty if you
feel it's more appropriate to your project.
3. Create an instance of FSMSystem class and add the states to it.
4. Call Reason and Act (or whichever methods you have for firing transitions and making the NPCs
behave in your game) from your Update or FixedUpdate methods.
Asynchronous transitions from Unity Engine, like OnTriggerEnter, SendMessage, can also be used,
just call the Method PerformTransition from your FSMSystem instance with the correct Transition
when the event occurs.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
/// <summary>
/// Place the labels for the Transitions in this enum.
/// Don't change the first label, NullTransition as FSMSystem class uses it.
/// </summary>
public enum Transition
{
NullTransition = 0, // Use this transition to represent a non-existing transition in your system
}
/// <summary>
/// Place the labels for the States in this enum.
/// Don't change the first label, NullTransition as FSMSystem class uses it.
/// </summary>
public enum StateID
{
NullStateID = 0, // Use this ID to represent a non-existing State in your system
}
/// <summary>
/// This class represents the States in the Finite State System.
/// Each state has a Dictionary with pairs (transition-state) showing
/// which state the FSM should be if a transition is fired while this state
/// is the current state.
/// Method Reason is used to determine which transition should be fired .
/// Method Act has the code to perform the actions the NPC is supposed do if it's on this state.
/// </summary>
public abstract class FSMState
{
protected Dictionary<Transition, StateID> map = new Dictionary<Transition, StateID>();
protected StateID stateID;
public StateID ID { get { return stateID; } }
public void AddTransition(Transition trans, StateID id)
{
// Check if anyone of the args is invalid
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
return;
}
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real ID");
return;
}
// Since this is a Deterministic FSM,
// check if the current transition was already inside the map
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: State " + stateID.ToString() + " already has transition " + trans.ToString() +
"Impossible to assign to another state");
return;
}
map.Add(trans, id);
}
/// <summary>
/// This method deletes a pair transition-state from this state's map.
/// If the transition was not inside the state's map, an ERROR message is printed.
/// </summary>
public void DeleteTransition(Transition trans)
{
// Check for NullTransition
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed");
return;
}
// Check if the pair is inside the map before deleting
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
map.Remove(trans);
return;
}
Debug.LogError("FSMState ERROR: Transition " + trans.ToString() + " passed to " + stateID.ToString() +
" was not on the state's transition list");
}
/// <summary>
/// This method returns the new state the FSM should be if
/// this state receives a transition and
/// </summary>
public StateID GetOutputState(Transition trans)
{
// Check if the map has this transition
if (map.ContainsKey(trans))
{
return map[trans];
}
return StateID.NullStateID;
}
/// <summary>
/// This method is used to set up the State condition before entering it.
/// It is called automatically by the FSMSystem class before assigning it
/// to the current state.
/// </summary>
public virtual void DoBeforeEntering() { }
/// <summary>
/// This method is used to make anything necessary, as reseting variables
/// before the FSMSystem changes to another one. It is called automatically
/// by the FSMSystem before changing to a new state.
/// </summary>
public virtual void DoBeforeLeaving() { }
/// <summary>
/// This method decides if the state should transition to another on its list
/// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
/// </summary>
public abstract void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
/// <summary>
/// This method controls the behavior of the NPC in the game World.
/// Every action, movement or communication the NPC does should be placed here
/// NPC is a reference to the object that is controlled by this class
/// </summary>
public abstract void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc);
} // class FSMState
/// <summary>
/// FSMSystem class represents the Finite State Machine class.
/// It has a List with the States the NPC has and methods to add,
/// delete a state, and to change the current state the Machine is on.
/// </summary>
public class FSMSystem
{
private List<FSMState> states;
// The only way one can change the state of the FSM is by performing a transition
// Don't change the CurrentState directly
private StateID currentStateID;
public StateID CurrentStateID { get { return currentStateID; } }
private FSMState currentState;
public FSMState CurrentState { get { return currentState; } }
public FSMSystem()
{
states = new List<FSMState>();
}
/// <summary>
/// This method places new states inside the FSM,
/// or prints an ERROR message if the state was already inside the List.
/// First state added is also the initial state.
/// </summary>
public void AddState(FSMState s)
{
// Check for Null reference before deleting
if (s == null)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Null reference is not allowed");
}
// First State inserted is also the Initial state,
// the state the machine is in when the simulation begins
if (states.Count == 0)
{
states.Add(s);
currentState = s;
currentStateID = s.ID;
return;
}
// Add the state to the List if it's not inside it
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == s.ID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to add state " + s.ID.ToString() +
" because state has already been added");
return;
}
}
states.Add(s);
}
/// <summary>
/// This method delete a state from the FSM List if it exists,
/// or prints an ERROR message if the state was not on the List.
/// </summary>
public void DeleteState(StateID id)
{
// Check for NullState before deleting
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullStateID is not allowed for a real state");
return;
}
// Search the List and delete the state if it's inside it
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == id)
{
states.Remove(state);
return;
}
}
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: Impossible to delete state " + id.ToString() +
". It was not on the list of states");
}
/// <summary>
/// This method tries to change the state the FSM is in based on
/// the current state and the transition passed. If current state
/// doesn't have a target state for the transition passed,
/// an ERROR message is printed.
/// </summary>
public void PerformTransition(Transition trans)
{
// Check for NullTransition before changing the current state
if (trans == Transition.NullTransition)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: NullTransition is not allowed for a real transition");
return;
}
// Check if the currentState has the transition passed as argument
StateID id = currentState.GetOutputState(trans);
if (id == StateID.NullStateID)
{
Debug.LogError("FSM ERROR: State " + currentStateID.ToString() + " does not have a target state " +
" for transition " + trans.ToString());
return;
}
// Update the currentStateID and currentState
currentStateID = id;
foreach (FSMState state in states)
{
if (state.ID == currentStateID)
{
// Do the post processing of the state before setting the new one
currentState.DoBeforeLeaving();
currentState = state;
// Reset the state to its desired condition before it can reason or act
currentState.DoBeforeEntering();
break;
}
}
} // PerformTransition()
} //class FSMSystem
Example
Here's an example that implements the above framework. The GameObject with this script follows a path of waypoints and starts chasing a target if it comes within a certain distance from it. Attach this class to your NPC. Besides the framework transition and stateid enums, you also have to setup a reference to the waypoints and to the target (player). I used FixedUpdate() in the MonoBehaviour because the NPC reasoning schema doesn't need to be called every frame, but you can change that and use Update().
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;
[RequireComponent(typeof(Rigidbody))]
public class NPCControl : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject player;
public Transform[] path;
private FSMSystem fsm;
public void SetTransition(Transition t) { fsm.PerformTransition(t); }
public void Start()
{
MakeFSM();
}
public void FixedUpdate()
{
fsm.CurrentState.Reason(player, gameObject);
fsm.CurrentState.Act(player, gameObject);
}
// The NPC has two states: FollowPath and ChasePlayer
// If it's on the first state and SawPlayer transition is fired, it changes to ChasePlayer
// If it's on ChasePlayerState and LostPlayer transition is fired, it returns to FollowPath
private void MakeFSM()
{
FollowPathState follow = new FollowPathState(path);
follow.AddTransition(Transition.SawPlayer, StateID.ChasingPlayer);
ChasePlayerState chase = new ChasePlayerState();
chase.AddTransition(Transition.LostPlayer, StateID.FollowingPath);
fsm = new FSMSystem();
fsm.AddState(follow);
fsm.AddState(chase);
}
}
public class FollowPathState : FSMState
{
private int currentWayPoint;
private Transform[] waypoints;
public FollowPathState(Transform[] wp)
{
waypoints = wp;
currentWayPoint = 0;
stateID = StateID.FollowingPath;
}
public override void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// If the Player passes less than 15 meters away in front of the NPC
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(npc.transform.position, npc.transform.forward, out hit, 15F))
{
if (hit.transform.gameObject.tag == "Player")
npc.GetComponent<NPCControl>().SetTransition(Transition.SawPlayer);
}
}
public override void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// Follow the path of waypoints
// Find the direction of the current way point
Vector3 vel = npc.rigidbody.velocity;
Vector3 moveDir = waypoints[currentWayPoint].position - npc.transform.position;
if (moveDir.magnitude < 1)
{
currentWayPoint++;
if (currentWayPoint >= waypoints.Length)
{
currentWayPoint = 0;
}
}
else
{
vel = moveDir.normalized * 10;
// Rotate towards the waypoint
npc.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(npc.transform.rotation,
Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDir),
5 * Time.deltaTime);
npc.transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0, npc.transform.eulerAngles.y, 0);
}
// Apply the Velocity
npc.rigidbody.velocity = vel;
}
} // FollowPathState
public class ChasePlayerState : FSMState
{
public ChasePlayerState()
{
stateID = StateID.ChasingPlayer;
}
public override void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// If the player has gone 30 meters away from the NPC, fire LostPlayer transition
if (Vector3.Distance(npc.transform.position, player.transform.position) >= 30)
npc.GetComponent<NPCControl>().SetTransition(Transition.LostPlayer);
}
public override void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// Follow the path of waypoints
// Find the direction of the player
Vector3 vel = npc.rigidbody.velocity;
Vector3 moveDir = player.transform.position - npc.transform.position;
// Rotate towards the waypoint
npc.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(npc.transform.rotation,
Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDir),
5 * Time.deltaTime);
npc.transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0, npc.transform.eulerAngles.y, 0);
vel = moveDir.normalized * 10;
// Apply the new Velocity
npc.rigidbody.velocity = vel;
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;
[RequireComponent(typeof(Rigidbody))]
public class NPCControl : MonoBehaviour
{
public GameObject player;
public Transform[] path;
private FSMSystem fsm;
public void SetTransition(Transition t) { fsm.PerformTransition(t); }
public void Start()
{
MakeFSM();
}
public void FixedUpdate()
{
fsm.CurrentState.Reason(player, gameObject);
fsm.CurrentState.Act(player, gameObject);
}
// The NPC has two states: FollowPath and ChasePlayer
// If it's on the first state and SawPlayer transition is fired, it changes to ChasePlayer
// If it's on ChasePlayerState and LostPlayer transition is fired, it returns to FollowPath
private void MakeFSM()
{
FollowPathState follow = new FollowPathState(path);
follow.AddTransition(Transition.SawPlayer, StateID.ChasingPlayer);
ChasePlayerState chase = new ChasePlayerState();
chase.AddTransition(Transition.LostPlayer, StateID.FollowingPath);
fsm = new FSMSystem();
fsm.AddState(follow);
fsm.AddState(chase);
}
}
public class FollowPathState : FSMState
{
private int currentWayPoint;
private Transform[] waypoints;
public FollowPathState(Transform[] wp)
{
waypoints = wp;
currentWayPoint = 0;
stateID = StateID.FollowingPath;
}
public override void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// If the Player passes less than 15 meters away in front of the NPC
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(npc.transform.position, npc.transform.forward, out hit, 15F))
{
if (hit.transform.gameObject.tag == "Player")
npc.GetComponent<NPCControl>().SetTransition(Transition.SawPlayer);
}
}
public override void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// Follow the path of waypoints
// Find the direction of the current way point
Vector3 vel = npc.rigidbody.velocity;
Vector3 moveDir = waypoints[currentWayPoint].position - npc.transform.position;
if (moveDir.magnitude < 1)
{
currentWayPoint++;
if (currentWayPoint >= waypoints.Length)
{
currentWayPoint = 0;
}
}
else
{
vel = moveDir.normalized * 10;
// Rotate towards the waypoint
npc.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(npc.transform.rotation,
Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDir),
5 * Time.deltaTime);
npc.transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0, npc.transform.eulerAngles.y, 0);
}
// Apply the Velocity
npc.rigidbody.velocity = vel;
}
} // FollowPathState
public class ChasePlayerState : FSMState
{
public ChasePlayerState()
{
stateID = StateID.ChasingPlayer;
}
public override void Reason(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// If the player has gone 30 meters away from the NPC, fire LostPlayer transition
if (Vector3.Distance(npc.transform.position, player.transform.position) >= 30)
npc.GetComponent<NPCControl>().SetTransition(Transition.LostPlayer);
}
public override void Act(GameObject player, GameObject npc)
{
// Follow the path of waypoints
// Find the direction of the player
Vector3 vel = npc.rigidbody.velocity;
Vector3 moveDir = player.transform.position - npc.transform.position;
// Rotate towards the waypoint
npc.transform.rotation = Quaternion.Slerp(npc.transform.rotation,
Quaternion.LookRotation(moveDir),
5 * Time.deltaTime);
npc.transform.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0, npc.transform.eulerAngles.y, 0);
vel = moveDir.normalized * 10;
// Apply the new Velocity
npc.rigidbody.velocity = vel;
}
} // ChasePlayerState
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Keyle/p/4620906.html