问题
I've got the source files for a bunch of packages and their dependencies that I want to install on computers that have no internet access. I want to install all of these on other computers using as USB stick, but the install fails for some packages because the dependencies are not installing before the packages. How can I get the dependencies to be installed in order, before the packages that needs them?
Here's my current method to obtain the packages, their dependencies, and get them in the correct order:
# find the dependencies for the packages I want
# from http://stackoverflow.com/a/15650828/1036500
getPackages <- function(packs){
packages <- unlist(
tools::package_dependencies(packs, available.packages(),
which=c("Depends", "Imports"), recursive=TRUE)
)
packages <- union(packages, packs)
packages
}
# packages I want
my_packages <- c('stringr', 'devtools', 'ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'tidyr', 'rmarkdown', 'knitr', 'reshape2', 'gdata')
# get names of dependencies and try to get them in the right order, this seems ridiculous...
my_packages_and_dependencies <- getPackages(my_packages)
dependencies_only <- setdiff(my_packages_and_dependencies, my_packages)
deps_of_deps <- getPackages(dependencies_only)
deps_of_deps_of_deps <- getPackages(deps_of_deps)
my_packages_and_dependencies <- unique(c(deps_of_deps_of_deps, deps_of_deps, dependencies_only, my_packages))
# where to keep the source?
local_CRAN <- paste0(getwd(), "/local_CRAN")
# get them from CRAN, source files
download.packages(pkgs = my_packages_and_dependencies, destdir = local_CRAN, type = "source")
# note that 'tools', 'methods', 'utils, 'stats', etc. art not on CRAN, but are part of base
# from http://stackoverflow.com/a/10841614/1036500
library(tools)
write_PACKAGES(local_CRAN)
Now assume I'm on another computer with a fresh install of R and RStudio (and Rtools or Xcode) and no internet connection, I plug in the USB stick, open the RProj file to set the working directory, and run this script:
#############################################################
## Install from source (Windows/OSX/Linux)
# What do I want to install?
my_packages_and_dependencies <- c("methods", "tools", "bitops", "stats", "colorspace", "graphics",
"tcltk", "Rcpp", "digest", "jsonlite", "mime", "RCurl", "R6",
"stringr", "brew", "grid", "RColorBrewer", "dichromat", "munsell",
"plyr", "labeling", "grDevices", "utils", "httr", "memoise",
"whisker", "evaluate", "rstudioapi", "roxygen2", "gtable", "scales",
"proto", "MASS", "assertthat", "magrittr", "lazyeval", "DBI",
"stringi", "yaml", "htmltools", "caTools", "formatR", "highr",
"markdown", "gtools", "devtools", "ggplot2", "dplyr", "tidyr",
"rmarkdown", "knitr", "reshape2", "gdata")
# where are the source files?
local_CRAN <- paste0(getwd(), "/local_CRAN")
# scan all packages and get files names of wanted source pckgs
# I've got other things in this dir also
wanted_package_source_filenames <- list.files(local_CRAN, pattern = "tar.gz", full.names = TRUE)
# put them in order to make sure deps go first, room for improvement here...
trims <- c(local_CRAN, "/", "tar.gz")
x1 <- gsub(paste(trims, collapse = "|"), "", wanted_package_source_filenames)
x2 <- sapply( strsplit(x1, "_"), "[[", 1)
idx <- match(my_packages_and_dependencies, x2)
wanted_package_source_filenames <- na.omit(wanted_package_source_filenames[idx])
install.packages(wanted_package_source_filenames,
repos = NULL,
dependencies = TRUE,
contrib.url = local_CRAN, # I thought this would take care of getting dependencies automatically...
type = "source" )
This works reasonably well, but still some packages fail to install:
sapply(my_packages_and_dependencies, require, character.only = TRUE)
methods tools bitops stats
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
colorspace graphics tcltk Rcpp
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
digest jsonlite mime RCurl
TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE
R6 stringr brew grid
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
RColorBrewer dichromat munsell plyr
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
labeling grDevices utils httr
TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE
memoise whisker evaluate rstudioapi
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
roxygen2 gtable scales proto
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
MASS assertthat magrittr lazyeval
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
DBI stringi yaml htmltools
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
caTools formatR highr markdown
TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE
gtools devtools ggplot2 dplyr
TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE
tidyr rmarkdown knitr reshape2
FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE
gdata
TRUE
Warning messages:
1: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘RCurl’
2: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘httr’
3: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘devtools’
4: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘ggplot2’
5: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘tidyr’
6: In library(package, lib.loc = lib.loc, character.only = TRUE, logical.return = TRUE, :
there is no package called ‘rmarkdown’
Seems that knitr must come before rmarkdown, reshape2 before tidyr and ggplot2, etc. etc.
There must be a simpler and more complete solution to the problem of getting the list of source files in the very specific order needed the put all the dependencies in the right order. What's the simplest way to do that (without using any contributed packages)?
This is the system I am currently working on, I'm using the source versions of packages in an attempt to prepare for anything with the offline computers (OSX/Linux/Windows):
> sessionInfo()
R version 3.1.2 (2014-10-31)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252
[2] LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252
attached base packages:
[1] tcltk grid tools stats graphics
[6] grDevices utils datasets methods base
other attached packages:
[1] gdata_2.13.3 reshape2_1.4.1
[3] knitr_1.9 dplyr_0.4.1
[5] gtools_3.4.1 markdown_0.7.4
[7] highr_0.4 formatR_1.0
[9] caTools_1.17.1 htmltools_0.2.6
[11] yaml_2.1.13 stringi_0.4-1
[13] DBI_0.3.1 lazyeval_0.1.10
[15] magrittr_1.5 assertthat_0.1
[17] proto_0.3-10 scales_0.2.4
[19] gtable_0.1.2 roxygen2_4.1.0
[21] rstudioapi_0.2 evaluate_0.5.5
[23] whisker_0.3-2 memoise_0.2.1
[25] labeling_0.3 plyr_1.8.1
[27] munsell_0.4.2 dichromat_2.0-0
[29] RColorBrewer_1.1-2 brew_1.0-6
[31] stringr_0.6.2 R6_2.0.1
[33] mime_0.2 jsonlite_0.9.14
[35] digest_0.6.8 Rcpp_0.11.4
[37] colorspace_1.2-5 bitops_1.0-6
[39] MASS_7.3-35
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] parallel_3.1.2
EDIT following Andrie's helpful comment, I've had a go with miniCRAN, the bit that's missing from the vignette is how to actually install the packages from the local repo. This is what I've tried:
library("miniCRAN")
# Specify list of packages to download
pkgs <- c('stringr', 'devtools', 'ggplot2', 'dplyr', 'tidyr', 'rmarkdown', 'knitr', 'reshape2', 'gdata')
# Make list of package URLs
revolution <- c(CRAN="http://cran.revolutionanalytics.com")
pkgList <- pkgDep(pkgs, repos=revolution, type="source" )
pkgList
# Set location to store source files
local_CRAN <- paste0(getwd(), "/local_CRAN")
# Make repo for source
makeRepo(pkgList, path = local_CRAN, repos = revolution, type = "source")
# install...
install.packages(pkgs,
repos = local_CRAN, # do I really need "file:///"?
dependencies = TRUE,
contrib.url = local_CRAN,
type = "source" )
And the result is:
Installing packages into ‘C:/emacs/R/win-library/3.1’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
unable to access index for repository C:/Users/.../local_CRAN/src/contrib
Warning in install.packages :
packages ‘stringr’, ‘devtools’, ‘ggplot2’, ‘dplyr’, ‘tidyr’, ‘rmarkdown’, ‘knitr’, ‘reshape2’, ‘gdata’ are not available (for R version 3.1.2)
What am I missing here?
EDIT Yes, I was missing proper use of file:///, which should be like this:
install.packages(pkgs,
repos = paste0("file:///", local_CRAN),
type = "source")
That's moved me along heaps, it all basically works as expected now. Thanks very much. Now I just have this to look in to: fatal error: curl/curl.h: No such file or directory, which is stopping RCurl and httr from installing.
回答1:
The package miniCRAN can help with this. You tell miniCRAN the list of packages you would ever want to install, it then figures out the dependencies, downloads those packages and creates a repository on your local machine that behaves like CRAN, i.e. it respects install.packages() etc.
More information:
Available on CRAN
Read the vignette
We are actively developing
miniCRAN. Track progress and find the latest development version at github miniCRAN repositorySee the project wiki for links to presentations, blog posts and more
To install from the local miniCRAN repository, you have two options.
Firstly, you can use the URI convention
file:///. e.g.install.packages("ggplot2", repos="file:///path/to/file/")Alternatively, you can configure the destination as an HTTP server and make your repository available via a URL. In this case, your local repository will look and feel exactly like a CRAN mirror, other than it only contains your desired packages.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28885349/offline-installation-of-a-list-of-packages-getting-dependencies-in-order