MERGE Query and deleting records

问题

I have a table that looks something like:

AccountID, ItemID
1, 100
1, 200
2, 300

I have a proc that accepts a table value parameter which updates the Items associated with an account. We'll pass something like the following:

AccountID, ItemID
3, 100
3, 200

The proc looks something like:

procedure dbo.MyProc( @Items as dbo.ItemListTVP READONLY )
AS
BEGIN
  MERGE INTO myTable as target
    USING @Items
       on (Items.AccountId = target.AccountId)
       AND (Items.ItemId = target.ItemId)
    WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN
        INSERT (AccountId, ItemId)
        VALUES (Items.AccountId, Items.ItemId)

   ;

END

Based on the passed in data I expect it to add 2 new records to the table, which it does.

What I want is to have a WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE clause which will remove items for the specified account that aren't matched.

For example, if I pass

AccountID, ItemID
1, 100
1, 400

Then I want it to delete the record having 1, 200; but leave ALL of the others.

If I just do:

WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN
  DELETE;

then it will remove all records for accounts not referenced (ie: account ids 2 and 3).

How can I do this?

Thanks,

回答1:

I can think of two obvious ways but both of them involve processing the TVP again.

The first is simply to change the DELETE condition

    WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE 
    AND target.AccountId IN(SELECT AccountId FROM @Items) THEN
        DELETE;

The second is to use a CTE to restrict the target

WITH cte as
(
SELECT ItemId, AccountId 
FROM @myTable m
WHERE EXISTS 
  (SELECT * FROM @Items i WHERE i.AccountId = m.AccountId)
)
      MERGE INTO cte as target
        USING @Items Items
           ON (Items.AccountId = target.AccountId) AND
              (Items.ItemId = target.ItemId)
        WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN
            INSERT (AccountId, ItemId)
            VALUES (Items.AccountId, Items.ItemId)
         WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN 
            DELETE;

回答2:

Hope this helps.

--  myTable
--  (
--      GroundID bigint, -- FK
--      GroupID, bigint, -- FK
--      AcceptingReservations bit
--  );

merge into myTable as target
using @tmpTable as source
    on  ( source.GroundID   = target.GroundID )
    and ( source.GroupID    = target.GroupID )
when
    not matched by target
    then
        insert ( GroundID, GroupID, AcceptingReservations )
        values
        (
            source.GroundID,
            source.GroupID,
            source.AcceptingReservations
        )
-- If there is a row that matches, update values;
when matched
    then
        update set
            target.AcceptingReservations = source.AcceptingReservations
-- If they do not match, delete for that GroundID only;
when
    not matched by source
    and target.GroundID = @GroundID
        then
            delete;

回答3:

Create a table type variable in sql database

CREATE TYPE [dbo].[YourTableType] AS TABLE(
     [AccountID] [int] NULL,
     [ItemID] [int] NULL
     )
   GO

Make Changes in your Update Procedure

ALTER PROCEDURE YourProcedure
@Items YourTableType READONLY
AS
BEGIN
   MERGE INTO [dbo].[YourTable] as Target
   USING @Items as Source
ON 
    Target.[AccountID]=Source.[AccountID] and 
    Target.[ItemID]=Source.[ItemID] 
   WHEN NOT MATCHED by TARGET THEN
     INSERT 
        ([AccountID],
         [ItemID])
     VALUES 
       (Source.[AccountID],
        Source.[ItemID])

   WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE AND 
        target.[ItemID] IN(SELECT [ItemID] FROM @Items) 
THEN
    DELETE;

END

回答4:

The above answer works in the situation that is described.

I have an exception table that I use to store exceptions to invoices. I only want it to contain the current exceptions for the invoice. So, if I fix some of things in the invoice data and run the process again it will create a new list of exceptions. I want it to add the new exceptions, update existing ones, and delete the exceptions that no longer exist - SO LONG AS THEY BELONG TO THE SAME INVOICE (or whatever).

The problem I had was that the MERGE statement WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN DELETE would delete everything in the TARGET table; not just the extra items no longer in the SOURCE! I could not qualify the WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE statement so that the DELETE would only affect the same invoice number in the TARGET that was no longer in the SOURCE.

An error told me "Only target columns are allowed in the 'WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE' clause of a MERGE statement."

So you have to qualify the TARGET rows with a variable.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5197173/merge-query-and-deleting-records