问题
Java's Properties object hasn't changed much since pre-Java 5, and it hasn't got Generics support, or very useful helper methods (defined pattern to plug in classes to process properties or help to load all properties files in a directory, for example).
Has development of Properties stopped? If so, what's the current best practice for this kind of properties saving/loading?
Or have I completely missed something?
回答1:
A lot of the concepts around Properties are definitely ancient and questionable. It has very poor internationalization, it adds methods that today would just be accomplished via a Generic type, it extends Hashtable, which is itself generally out of use, since its synchronization is of limited value and it has methods which are not in harmony with the Collections classes introduced in 1.2, and many of the methods added to the Properties class essentially provide the kind of type safety that is replaced by Generics.
If implemented today it would probably be a special implementation of a Map<String, String>, and certainly support better encoding in the properties file.
That being said, there isn't really a replacement that doesn't add complexity. Sure the java.util.prefs.Preferences api is the "new and improved" but it adds a layer of complexity that is well beyond what is needed for many use cases. Just using XML is also an option (which at least fixes the internationalization issues) but a properties object often fits the needs just fine, at which point use it.
回答2:
It's still a viable solution for simple configuration requirements. They don't need generics support because Property keys and values are inherently Strings, that is, they are stored in flat, ascii files. If you need un/marshaling/serialization of objects, Properties aren't the right approach. The preferred method is now java.util.prefs.Preferences for anything beyond even moderately sophisticated configuration needs.
回答3:
It does what it needs to do. It's not that hard to write support for reading in all the properties files in a directory. I would say that's not a common use-case, so I don't see that as something that needs to be in the JDK.
Also, it has changed slightly since pre-Java 5, as the Javadoc says that extends Hashtable<Object, Object> and implements Map<Object, Object>.
回答4:
"it hasn't got Generics support," why does it need generics support; it deals with string key and string values I would not consider Java properties deprecated. It is a mature library - that's all
回答5:
The dictionary structure is one of the oldest most used structures in most programming languages http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array, I doubt it would be deprecated.
Even if were to be removed there would soon be new implementations outside of the core.
There already are external extensions, apache commons are great resources that I think have helped to shape java over the years, see http://commons.apache.org/configuration/howto_properties.html.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2358651/are-java-properties-effectively-deprecated