项目上线

試著忘記壹切 提交于 2020-01-09 16:56:27

 

购买服务器

# 购买阿里云服务器
# 短期或是测试使用,创建 按量收费 服务器,可以随时删除,删除后不再计费,但要保证账户余额100元以上

 

连接服务器

1)账号
>: ssh root@39.100.107.176

2)密码
>: ********

 

服务器命令

 

管理员权限

1)以下所有的服务器命令均可以在管理员权限下执行
>: sudo 命令

 

配置终端

1)编辑配置文件
>: vim ~/.bash_profile

2)将原来内容全部删除掉
>: ggdG

3)进入编辑状态:填入下方两行
>: i

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
PS1='Path:\w\n>:'

4)退出编辑状态
>: esc

5)保存修改并退出
>: :wq

6)生效配置
>: source ~/.bash_profile

 

重要

 

更新系统软件包

>: yum update -y

 

安装软件管理包和可能使用的依赖

>: yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
>: yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel psmisc libffi-devel

 

安装Mysql

1)前往用户根目录
>: cd ~

2)下载mysql57
>: wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm root@39.100.107.176:~

3)安装mysql57
>: yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
>: yum -y install mysql-community-server

4)启动mysql57并查看启动状态
>: systemctl start mysqld.service
>: systemctl status mysqld.service

5)查看默认密码并登录
>: grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
>: mysql -uroot -p

6)修改密码
>: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';
>: ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Owen1234?';

 

安装Redis

1)前往用户根目录
>: cd ~

2)下载redis-5.0.5
>: wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.5.tar.gz
>: scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\redis-5.0.5.tar.gz root@39.100.107.176:~

3)解压安装包
>: tar -xf redis-5.0.5.tar.gz

4)进入目标文件
>: cd redis-5.0.5

5)编译环境
>: make

6)复制环境到指定路径完成安装
>: cp -r ~/redis-5.0.5 /usr/local/redis

7)配置redis可以后台启动:修改下方内容
>: vim /usr/local/redis/redis.conf

daemonize yes

8)完成配置修改
>: esc
>: :wq

9)建立软连接
>: ln -s /usr/local/redis/src/redis-server /usr/bin/redis-server
>: ln -s /usr/local/redis/src/redis-cli /usr/bin/redis-cli

10)后台运行redis
>: redis-server &
ctrl + c

11)测试redis环境
>: redis-cli
ctrl + c

12)关闭redis服务
>: pkill -f redis -9

 

安装Python3.6

1)前往用户根目录
>: cd ~

2)下载 或 上传 Python3.6.7
>: wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.7/Python-3.6.7.tar.xz
>: scp -r 本地Python-3.6.7.tar.xz ssh root@39.100.233.226:服务器路径
>: scp -r C:\Users\dell\Desktop\pkg\Python-3.6.7.tar.xz ssh root@39.100.233.226:~

3)解压安装包
>: tar -xf Python-3.6.7.tar.xz

4)进入目标文件
>: cd Python-3.6.7

5)配置安装路径:/usr/local/python3
>: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3

6)编译并安装
>: make && sudo make install

7)建立软连接:终端命令 python3,pip3
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip3

8)删除安装包与文件:
>: rm -rf Python-3.6.7
>: rm -rf Python-3.6.7.tar.xz

 

配置pip源:阿里云不用配置,默认配置阿里源

1)创建pip配置路径
>: mkdir ~/.pip

2)进入目录编辑配置文件:填入下方内容
cd ~/.pip && vim pip.conf

[global]
index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple
[install]
use-mirrors =true
mirrors =http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
trusted-host =pypi.douban.com

 

安装uwsgi

1)在真实环境下安装
pip3 install uwsgi

2)建立软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi

 

安装虚拟环境

 

1)安装依赖
>: pip3 install virtualenv
>: pip3 install virtualenvwrapper

2)建立虚拟环境软连接
>: ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv

3)配置虚拟环境:填入下方内容
>: vim ~/.bash_profile

VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python3
source /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

4)退出编辑状态
>: esc

5)保存修改并退出
>: :wq

6)更新配置文件内容
>: source ~/.bash_profile

7)虚拟环境默认根目录:~/.virtualenvs

 

服务器运行测试Django项目

1)创建虚拟环境
>: mkvirtualenv test_venv

2)安装依赖
>: pip install django

3)前往目标目录,创建项目工作目录,再进入
>: cd /home
>: mkdir project
>: cd project

4)创建Django项目,并进入
>: django-admin startproject test_site
>: cd test_site

5)完成项目配置:修改下方几行内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site/settings.py

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
#DATABASES = {
# 'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
# 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
# }
#}

6)跑原生服务
>: python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:80

 

安装Nginx

1)前往用户根目录
>: cd ~

2)下载nginx1.13.7
>: wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz

3)解压安装包
>: tar -xf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz

4)进入目标文件
>: cd nginx-1.13.7

5)配置安装路径:/usr/local/nginx
>: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx

6)编译并安装
>: make && sudo make install

7)建立软连接:终端命令 nginx
>: ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx

8)删除安装包与文件:
>: rm -rf nginx-1.13.7
>: rm -rf nginx-1.13.7.tar.xz

9)测试Nginx环境,服务器运行nginx,本地访问服务器ip
>: nginx
>: 服务器绑定的域名 或 ip:80

 

Nginx命令

1)启动
>: nginx

2)关闭nginx
>: nginx -s stop

3)重启nginx
>: nginx -s reload

4)查看端口,强行关闭
>: ps -aux|grep nginx
>: kill <pid:进程编号>

 

Nginx & uwsgi 运行Django

1)在项目的虚拟环境安装uwsgi
>: workon test_venv
>: pip install uwsgi

2)项目根目录配置uwsgi:填入下方内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site.xml

<uwsgi>
<socket>127.0.0.1:8808</socket> <!-- 内部端口,自定义 -->
<chdir>/home/project/test_site/</chdir> <!-- 项目路径 -->
<module>test_site.wsgi</module> <!-- test_site为wsgi.py所在目录名-->
<processes>4</processes> <!-- 进程数 -->
<daemonize>uwsgi.log</daemonize> <!-- 日志文件 -->
</uwsgi>

3)完成项目配置:修改下方几行内容
>: vim /home/project/test_site/test_site/settings.py

DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

4)去向Nginx配置目录,备份配置,完全更新配置:填入下方内容
>: cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
>: cp nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
>: vim nginx.conf
>: ggdG
>: i

events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  sendfile on;
  server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名,没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
    charset utf-8;
    location / {
      include uwsgi_params;
      uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT test_site.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/test_site/; # 项目路径
    }
  }
}

5)启动uwsgi
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/test_site/test_site.xml

6)启动nginx
>: nginx

7)浏览器测试:http://39.100.152.198/admin

8)关闭uwsgi所有进程
>: pkill -f uwsgi -9

 

上线前配置

prod.py:上线的配置文件,内容拷贝dev.py,前身就是settings.py

1)需要做上线修改的内容
DEBUG = False
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
'39.100.107.176' # 公网ip地址
]

CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True # 允许所有跨域
CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = [
]

wsgi.py 和 manage.py

1)需要做上线修改的内容
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'xiangmuapi.settings.prod')

 

上线

1)在项目的虚拟环境安装uwsgi
>: mkvirtualenv xiangmu
>: workon xiangmu
# 走下方 pip导入导出依赖 说明,将本地的环境依赖同步到服务器环境中
>: pip install uwsgi

2)项目根目录配置uwsgi:填入下方内容
>: mkdir /home/project

# 注:将后台项目移至到/home/project,可以上传,也可以git,项目设置公开(私密需要配置ssl)
>: cd /home/project && git clone https://gitee.com/doctor/xiangmuapi.git
>: vim /home/project/xiangmu/xiangmu.xml

<uwsgi>
  <socket>127.0.0.1:8808</socket> <!-- 内部端口,自定义 -->
  <chdir>/home/project/xiangmuapi/</chdir> <!-- 项目路径 -->
  <module>xiangmuapi.wsgi</module> <!-- xiangmuapi为wsgi.py所在目录名-->
  <processes>4</processes> <!-- 进程数 -->
  <daemonize>uwsgi.log</daemonize> <!-- 日志文件 -->
</uwsgi>

#### 3)配置上线项目的settings:见后台项目部署准备视频

4)去向Nginx配置目录,备份配置,完全更新配置:填入下方内容
>: vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

5)在原来基础上添加一个server
events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  sendfile on;
  server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名,没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
    charset utf-8;
    location / {
      include uwsgi_params;
      uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT xiangmuapi.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/xiangmuapi/; # 项目路径
      }
  }
}

见下方配置:pip环境 + 数据库设置 + django2.0源码

5)启动uwsgi
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi.xml

6)启动nginx
>: nginx -s stop
>: nginx
>: nginx -s reload

7)浏览器测试:http://39.100.107.176:8000/xadmin

8)关闭uwsgi所有进程
>: pkill -f uwsgi -9

 

pip导入导出依赖

1) 本地导出项目环境,上传线上,导入到线上环境中

本地操作
# 桌面新建env文件夹,开启终端进入文件夹,执行下方命名
>: cd Desktop\env
>: pip3 freeze > packages.txt
# 注:把xadmin删掉
>: scp -r packages.txt root@39.100.107.176:~

服务器操作
# 进入虚拟环境
>: workon xiangmu
# 导入
>: pip3 install -r packages.txt
# 安装xadmin
>: pip install https://codeload.github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin/zip/django2

 

数据库设置 + django2.0源码

1.管理员连接数据库
>: mysql -uroot -pOwen1234?

2.创建数据库
>: create database xiangmu default charset=utf8;

# 3.设置权限账号密码
# 拥有公网或局域网,其他主机连mysql
>: grant all privileges on xiangmu.* to 'xiangmu'@'%' identified by 'xiangmu123?';
# 要是本机连mysql连不上,再增加localhost域,本机就可以登录了
>: grant all privileges on xiangmu.* to 'xiangmu'@'localhost' identified by 'xiangmu123?';
# 设置完有权限限制的账号后一定要刷新权限
>: flush privileges;

4.退出mysql
quit

5.修改 prod.py | manage.py
>: vim /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi/settings/prod.py

"PASSWORD": "xiangmu123?"

>: vim /home/project/xiangmuapi/manage.py

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'xiangmuapi.settings.prod')

6.源码修改
>: vim /root/.virtualenvs/xiangmu/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py

# 36,37行注释

>: vim /root/.virtualenvs/xiangmu/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/operations.py

# 146行添加
query = query.encode()

7.数据库迁移
>: cd /home/project/xiangmuapi/
>: python manage.py makemigrations
>: python manage.py migrate

8.创建超级用户
>: python manage.py createsuperuser
# 账号密码:admin|admin

 

后台样式问题

 

设置文件中配置STATIC_ROOT

# >: vim /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi/settings/prod.py
# 在STATIC_URL下方再添加两句
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi/static' # 服务器的绝对路径
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),)
# >: esc
# >: :wq

 

迁移静态样式:项目目录下

可能错误
>: mkdir /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi/static
>: python /home/project/xiangmuapi/manage.py collectstatic

 

Nginx配置静态路径

>: vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

events {
  worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  sendfile on;
  server {
    listen 8000;
    server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名,没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
    charset utf-8;
    location / {
      include uwsgi_params;
      uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8808; # 端口要和uwsgi里配置的一样
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT xiangmuapi.wsgi; #wsgi.py所在的目录名+.wsgi
      uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /home/project/xiangmuapi/; # 项目路径
}
# 新增的配置静态文件
    location /static {
      alias /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi/static;
    }
}
  server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 127.0.0.1; # 改为自己的域名,没域名修改为127.0.0.1:80
    charset utf-8;
    location / {
      root /home/html; # html访问路径
      index index.html; # html文件名称
      try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; # 解决单页面应用刷新404问题
    }
  }
}

>: esc
>: :wq

 

重启服务

>: pkill -f uwsgi -9
>: uwsgi -x /home/project/xiangmuapi/xiangmuapi.xml
>: nginx -s reload

 

重点 重点 重点!

# 1、真实环境和虚拟环境都要安装uwsgi,将真实环境下的uwsgi建立软连接

# 2、redis服务一定要后台启动:redis-server &

# 3、uwsgi启动django项目一定要进入虚拟环境下,因为环境都是安装在虚拟环境中

# 4、服务器的日志都会被记录在于uwsgi配置文件 xiangmuapi.xml 同类目下的 uwsgi.log 中

 

添加测试数据

>: mysql -uxiangmu -pxiangmu123?
>: use xiangmu

INSERT INTO xiangmu_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:44:19.661327', '2019-07-14 13:46:54.246271', 'Alex', 1, ' Python教学总监', '吴xx', 'teacher/alex_icon.png', ' 教育CTO & CO-FOUNDER 国内知名PYTHON语言推广者 51CTO学院2016\2017年度最受学员喜爱10大讲师之一 多款开源软件作者 曾任职公安部、飞信、中金公司、NOKIA中国研究院、华尔街英语、ADVENT、汽车之家等公司');

INSERT INTO xiangmu_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092902', '2019-07-14 13:45:25.092936', 'Mjj', 0, '前美团前端项目组架构师', NULL, 'teacher/mjj_icon.png', '是马JJ老师, 一个集美貌与才华于一身的男人,搞过几年IOS,又转了前端开发几年,曾就职于美团网任高级前端开发,后来因为不同意王兴(美团老板)的战略布局而出家做老师去了,有丰富的教学经验,开起车来也毫不含糊。一直专注在前端的前沿技术领域。同时,爱好抽烟、喝酒、烫头(锡纸烫)。 我的最爱是前端,因为前端妹子多。');

INSERT INTO xiangmu_teacher(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, role, title, signature, image, brief) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997846', '2019-07-14 13:46:21.997880', 'Lyy', 0, ' Linux学科带头人', NULL, 'teacher/lyy_icon.png', 'Linux运维技术专家, Linux金牌讲师,讲课风趣幽默、深入浅出、声音洪亮到爆炸');

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690413', '2019-07-14 13:40:58.690477', 'Python');

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course_category(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249735', '2019-07-14 13:41:08.249817', 'Linux');

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095201', '2019-07-14 13:54:33.095238', 'Python开发21天入门', 'courses/alex_python.png', 0, 'Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土&&&Python从入门到入土', 0, '2019-07-14', 21, '', 0, 231, 120, 120, 0.00, 1, 1);

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051103', '2019-07-14 13:56:05.051142', 'Python项目实战', 'courses/mjj_python.png', 0, '', 1, '2019-07-14', 30, '', 0, 340, 120, 120, 99.00, 1, 2);

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, name, course_img, course_type, brief, level, pub_date, period, attachment_path, status, students, sections, pub_sections, price, course_category_id, teacher_id) VALUES (3, 3, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:57:21.190053', '2019-07-14 13:57:21.190095', 'Linux系统基础5周入门精讲', 'courses/lyy_linux.png', 0, '', 0, '2019-07-14', 25, '', 0, 219, 100, 100, 39.00, 2, 3);

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (1, 1, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:58:34.867005', '2019-07-14 14:00:58.276541', 1, '计算机原理', '', '2019-07-14', 1);

INSERT INTO xiangmu_course_chapter(id, orders, is_show, is_delete, created_time, updated_time, chapter, name, summary, pub_date, course_id) VALUES (2, 2, 1, 0, '2019-07-14 13:58:48.051543', '2019-07-14 14:01:22.024206', 2, '环境搭建', '', '2019-07-14', 1);

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