How to merge lines that start with the same items in a text file

问题

I have a text file containing some thousand lines as follows:

File:

abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... 
cde: bla bla bla... 
ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... 
lmn: bla bla bla...
abc: bla2 bla2 bla2... 
bcd: bla bla bla... 
ghk: bla2 bla2 bla2... 
xyz: bla bla bla...

I want to merge all the lines that start with the same items (as 1 and 5, 3 and 7) so that I have a new text file like this:

New File:

abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... * abc: bla2 bla2 bla2... 
cde: bla bla bla... 
ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... * ghk: bla2 bla2 bla2...
lmn: bla bla bla...
bcd: bla bla bla...   
xyz: bla bla bla...

I wonder if this is possible to be solved using regex and/or grep, and if yes then how can I solve it?

I'm quite familiar with grep because I'm on TextWrangler, but also OK with other text editors.

Help much appreciated.

回答1:

If order doesn't matter, I suggest first sorting the text. That will place

abc: ...
abc: ...

next to one another. Then you'll run this regex through a few passes:

Search:
  ^(\w+): (.*)\n\1: 
Replace:
  \1: \2 

Result:
   abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... bla2 bla2 bla2...
   bcd: bla bla bla...
   cde: bla bla bla...
   ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... bla2 bla2 bla2...
   lmn: bla bla bla...
   xyz: bla bla bla...

If order DOES matter, then this regex can be run through a few times:

Search:
  ^(\w+): (.*)\n((?:(?!\1).*\n)+)\1: (.*\n)
Replace:
  \1: \2 \4\3

Result (1st pass):
  abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... bla2 bla2 bla2...
  cde: bla bla bla...
  ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1...
  lmn: bla bla bla...
  bcd: bla bla bla...
  ghk: bla2 bla2 bla2...
  xyz: bla bla bla...

Result (2nd pass):
  abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... bla2 bla2 bla2...
  cde: bla bla bla...
  ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... bla2 bla2 bla2...
  lmn: bla bla bla...
  bcd: bla bla bla...
  xyz: bla bla bla...

回答2:

With GNU bash. If the order does not matter.

declare -A A      # declare associative array A
# fill array
while read I L; do 
  [ ${#A[$I]} -gt 0 ] && A[$I]+=" * $L"
  [ ${#A[$I]} -eq 0 ] && A[$I]+=" $L"
done < filename
# print array
for J in "${!A[@]}"; do echo "$J${A[$J]}"; done

Output:

xyz: bla bla bla...
lmn: bla bla bla...
abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... * bla2 bla2 bla2...
ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... * bla2 bla2 bla2...
bcd: bla bla bla...
cde: bla bla bla...

回答3:

If you can use awk, this should work:

awk '{a[$1]=a[$1]?a[$1]"* "$0:$0} END {for (i in a) print a[i]}' file
ghk: bla1 bla1 bla1... * ghk: bla2 bla2 bla2...
lmn: bla bla bla...
cde: bla bla bla...
xyz: bla bla bla...
bcd: bla bla bla...
abc: bla1 bla1 bla1... * abc: bla2 bla2 bla2..

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25249758/how-to-merge-lines-that-start-with-the-same-items-in-a-text-file

标签

regex

replace

grep

textwrangler