Repeating letters like excel columns?

问题

I want to create a list of string that resemble the column letters in Microsoft Excel. For example, after 26 columns, the next columns become AA, AB, AC, etc.

I have tried using the modulus operator, but I just end up with AA, BB, CC, etc...

import string

passes_through_alphabet = 0

for num, col in enumerate([_ for _ in range(40)]):
    if num % 26 == 0:
        passes_through_alphabet += 1
    excel_col = string.ascii_uppercase[num%26] * passes_through_alphabet
    print(num, excel_col)

0 A
1 B
2 C
3 D
...
22 W
23 X
24 Y
25 Z
26 AA
27 BB
28 CC
...

回答1:

You can use itertools.product for this:

>>> import itertools
>>> list(itertools.product(string.ascii_uppercase, repeat=2))
[('A', 'A'), ('A', 'B'), ('A', 'C'), ('A', 'D'), ...

Combining this with the first set of letters, and joining the pairs results in:

>>> list(
...     itertools.chain(
...         string.ascii_uppercase, 
...        (''.join(pair) for pair in itertools.product(string.ascii_uppercase, repeat=2))
... ))
['A', 'B', 'C', .. 'AA', 'AB', 'AC' .. 'ZZ']

To generalise, we define a generator which builds up bigger and bigger products. Note that the yield from is only available in python 3.3+, but you can just use a for loop to yield each item if you're on python 2.

 >>> def excel_cols():
...:     n = 1
...:     while True:
...:         yield from (''.join(group) for group in itertools.product(string.ascii_uppercase, repeat=n))
...:         n += 1

>>> list(itertools.islice(excel_cols(), 28))
['A',
 'B',
 'C',
 ...
 'X',
 'Y',
 'Z',
 'AA',
 'AB']

回答2:

This generator function will work with arbitrary alphabets:

import string

def labels(alphabet=string.ascii_uppercase):
    assert len(alphabet) == len(set(alphabet))  # make sure every letter is unique
    s = [alphabet[0]]
    while 1:
        yield ''.join(s)
        l = len(s)
        for i in range(l-1, -1, -1):
            if s[i] != alphabet[-1]:
                s[i] = alphabet[alphabet.index(s[i])+1]
                s[i+1:] = [alphabet[0]] * (l-i-1)
                break
        else:
            s = [alphabet[0]] * (l+1)

> x = labels(alphabet='ABC')
> print([next(x) for _ in range(20)])
['A', 'B', 'C', 'AA', 'AB', 'AC', 'BA', 'BB', 'BC', 'CA', 'CB', 'CC', 'AAA', 'AAB', ... ]

It generates the next string from the current one:

Find the first character from the back that is not the last in the alphabet: e.g. != 'Z'

b) increment it: set it to the next alphabet letter

c) reset all following characters to the first alphabet character
if no such incrementable character was found, start over with all first alphabet letters, increasing the length by 1

One can write a more readable/comprehensive function at the cost of a (much) larger memory footprint, especially if many labels are generated:

def labels(alphabet=string.ascii_uppercase):
    agenda = deque(alphabet)
    while agenda:
        s = agenda.popleft()
        yield s
        agenda.append([s+c for c in alphabet])

回答3:

Based on this answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/182009/6591347

def num_to_excel_col(n):
    if n < 1:
        raise ValueError("Number must be positive")
    result = ""
    while True:
        if n > 26:
            n, r = divmod(n - 1, 26)
            result = chr(r + ord('A')) + result
        else:
            return chr(n + ord('A') - 1) + result

回答4:

My solution:

itertools.chain(*[itertools.product(map(chr, range(65,91)), repeat=i) for i in xrange(1, 10)])

Please notice to the magic number 10 - this is the maximum letters in column name.

Explain:
First creating the A-Z letters as list:

map(chr, range(65,91))

then using product for creating the combinations (length starts from 1 and ends at 10)

itertools.product(map(chr, range(65,91)), repeat=i)

And finally concat all those generators into single generator using itertools.chain

回答5:

Within Excel, using formulas, in cell A1 enter:

=SUBSTITUTE(SUBSTITUTE(ADDRESS(1,ROW()),"$",""),"1","")

and copy downwards.

This will be valid for the first 16384 items

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42176498/repeating-letters-like-excel-columns

标签

python

excel

string

modulus