问题
Running R 3.1.2 on Linux Mint 17, I get a non-zero exit status when I try to install popular packages. The full output of an example install.packages attempt is as follows:
> install.packages("plyr")
Installing package into ‘/home/joe_kendrick/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.1’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
trying URL 'http://cran.rstudio.com/src/contrib/plyr_1.8.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 393233 bytes (384 Kb)
opened URL
==================================================
downloaded 384 Kb
* installing *source* package ‘plyr’ ...
** package ‘plyr’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
g++ -I/usr/share/R/include -DNDEBUG -I"/usr/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include" -fpic -g -O2 -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
/bin/bash: g++: command not found
make: *** [RcppExports.o] Error 127
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘plyr’
* removing ‘/home/joe_kendrick/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.1/plyr’
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpXe52Mz/downloaded_packages’
Warning message:
In install.packages("plyr") :
installation of package ‘plyr’ had non-zero exit status
I get essentially the same message for other packages I attempt to install, eg ggplot2 and vegan, though in many cases it is more verbose as it tries and fails to install dependencies.
This seems like a somewhat common issue, but others seem to have either outdated software or insufficient memory. I am running the latest stable release of both Mint and R, and I have plenty of RAM and a swap file, so I don't think either of these are causing my issue.
回答1:
Per the error message
/bin/bash: g++: command not found
you need to install a C++ compiler. I would start with one of these:
sudo apt-get install build-essentials # key tools
or
sudo apt-get install r-base-dev # many development tools for R
or of course
sudo apt-get install r-cran-rcpp # to not install from source
though the Rcpp you get may be older than the one you need.
There is a list r-sig-debian for users of Debian-based systems.
回答2:
In my case, I am running a fairly new installation of Mint 18, and I was missing certain packages. Per the error message in R, I attempted to install "readr", but that wouldn't install because I was missing an underlying package, "libcurl4-openssl-dev". I apt-got that, then readr install without error, and now my packages for RStudio load as expected.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26793359/cant-install-r-packages-on-linux-mint-17