therubyracer - Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

问题

I'm trying to install the following gem versions on Mavericks

• libv8 (3.16.14.3)
• therubyracer (0.12.1)

Obviously therubyracer gems depends on libv8.

1) Installing libv8

What is libv8? My bit of research seems to indicaite it's some sort of javascript library used by Google Chrome?

I was having trouble installing it, but this great post had both my error and a well-explained answer on how to bypass it.

So I installed libv8 with

gem install libv8 -- --with-system-v8

It's my understanding that this installs the gem but uses my local system installation of the v8 library instead of... the version that comes with the gem? Either way, it was successful.

2) Installing therubyracer

During the next step, I had trouble install therubyracer gem. I'm not quite sure what this gem does, just that it's a dependency of a rails project I'm trying to bundle install.

It gives me the following error:

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/ruby extconf.rb 
checking for main() in -lpthread... yes
checking for main() in -lobjc... yes
checking for v8.h... no
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin/ruby
    --with-pthreadlib
    --without-pthreadlib
    --with-objclib
    --without-objclib
    --enable-debug
    --disable-debug
    --with-v8-dir
    --without-v8-dir
    --with-v8-include
    --without-v8-include=${v8-dir}/include
    --with-v8-lib
    --without-v8-lib=${v8-dir}/lib
/Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/libv8-3.16.14.3/ext/libv8/location.rb:50:in 
'configure': You have chosen to use the version of V8 found 
on your system (Libv8::Location::System::NotFoundError)
and *not* the one that is bundled with the libv8 rubygem. However,
it could not be located. please make sure you have a version of
v8 that is compatible with 3.16.14.3 installed. You may
need to special --with-v8-dir options if it is in a non-standard
location

thanks,
The Mgmt

    from /Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/libv8-3.16.14.3/lib/libv8.rb:7:in `configure_makefile'
    from extconf.rb:32:in `<main>'

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/gems/therubyracer-0.12.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/jeeves.butler/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290/extensions/x86_64-darwin-13/1.9.1/therubyracer-0.12.1/gem_make.out

From what I can gather, I chose to install libv8 using my local V8 library instead of what was provided with libv8, but now that local installation could not be located.

• How do I check if I do indeed have V8 installed and how do I locate it?
• I tried a few of the specified flags, none of them seemed to point the gem to the correct installation directory
• This might be a separate topic, but what is extconf.rb? I've seen it in a few places. And what's it trying to do with the gcc compiler in specific?

Thanks!!

EDIT:

1. I tried this solution of uninstalling libv8 and re-installing via brew install. It was mentioned in a couple of similar questions as well. No luck.

2. I also tried the CC, CXX, and CPP environment variables as described here, although I don't think that has any effect as it was already picking up my gcc v4.6 compiler.

回答1:

This steps worked for me.

OS: Maverick Ruby: 2.1.1

gem uninstall libv8
gem install therubyracer -v '0.11.3'
gem install libv8 -v '3.11.8.13' -- --with-system-v8

回答2:

For those facing this problem in OS X El Capitan, this solution from a therubyracer issue thread was what finally worked for me:

brew tap homebrew/versions
brew install v8-315

gem install libv8 -v '3.16.14.13' -- --with-system-v8
gem install therubyracer -- --with-v8-dir=/usr/local/opt/v8-315

bundle install

I had also run brew install gcc prior, but I'm not sure whether this was in fact necessary.

回答3:

Try first uninstalling libv8 gem, then install rubyracer, and then libv8

gem uninstall libv8
gem install therubyracer
gem install libv8 -- --with-system-v8

回答4:

Tertom's solution posted on github solved it for me, after having tried all other solutions proposed on the respective github issue and here.
I had the exact same system configuration.
This is on el capitan, so not an exact answer to the question, but people might find this info helpful.

I'm citing it here for visibility:

Solved the same problem

• MacOS 10.11.2
• ruby 1.9.3
• libv8 3.16.14.13
• therubyracer 0.12.2

--

brew tap homebrew/versions  
brew install v8-315  
brew link --force v8-315  
bundle install  
brew unlink v8-315

If you also cannot install libv8,

gem install libv8 --with-system-v8

or

bundle config build.libv8 --with-system-v8

回答5:

The above answers did not work for me; my bundler config has disable-shared-gems enabled which causes additional issues.

I'm using Yosemite 10.10.1, Rails 3.2.x, and Ruby 1.9.3p550.

The following snippet in my bin/setup has fixed the issue for me.

if ! bundle show therubyracer; then
    bundle config build.libv8 --with-system-v8
    gem install --install-dir vendor/bundle libv8 -v 3.16.14.7
    gem install libv8 -v 3.16.14.7
    gem install --install-dir vendor/bundle therubyracer 
fi

回答6:

For all of you out there using macOS 10.15, brew has has changed so you will need to do these commands.

brew install v8@3.15
gem install libv8 -v 'YOUR_VERSION' -- --with-system-v8
gem install therubyracer -v 'YOUR_VERSION' -- --with-v8-dir=/usr/local/opt/v8@3.15
bundle install

回答7:

I found a workaround to the above problem.

This is more of a compatibility among libv8 and therubyracer.

gem install libv8 -v '3.3.10.4' -- --with-system-v8

gem install therubyracer -v '0.10.2'

This should work fine as both the versions are compatible with me. Initially I was trying to install the version 0.12.0 for therubyracer and was facing the issue. Once I switched to version 0.10.2, everything worked fine.

My current OS: Mavericks

回答8:

I've got this issue for MacOS Mojave 10.14.2 and I was able to fix this issue when I found where package v8-315 was installed and what the folder name was. In my case, it was here /usr/local/opt/v8@3.15.

To fix this, I've run next:

brew install v8-315
gem install libv8 -v '3.16.14.15' -- --with-system-v
gem install therubyracer -v '0.12.2' -- --with-system-v8 --with-v8-dir=/usr/local/opt/v8@3.15
bundle install

回答9:

After breaking my head for almost two days this worked for me.

rvm install 2.2.2
gem install rails
bundle install

回答10:

I couldn't get therubyracer to build on macOS Catalina 10.15 due to the libv8 dependency, despite installing the x64 (64-bit variant) of libv8.

The solution for me, was to switch from therubyracer to mini_racer, the mini_racer gem installed (without needing to build locally) and, hey presto! I could continue.

Try it!

回答11:

I noticed that when we encounter a problem:

Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

You should then install build-essential

sudo apt install build-essential

It works for me with mini_race's installation problems.

回答12:

I just run bundle update, and it worked for me.

Obs.: Using Ruby 2.3.0

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23536893/therubyracer-gemextbuilderror-error-failed-to-build-gem-native-extension