Modify prototypes of every possible DOM element

问题

Updated title to better reflect what I'm trying to do.

In short, there are different constructors for different dom elements, and they don't seem to all share a common prototype. I'm looking for a way to add a function property to every DOM element by modifying these prototypes, but I'm not sure how to find them.

For example, I could do something like this:

function enhanceDom (tagNames, methods) {
  var i=-1, tagName;
  while (tagName=tagNames[++i]) {
    var tag=document.createElement(tagName);
    if (!(tag && tag.constructor)) continue;
    for (var methodName in methods) {
      tag.constructor.prototype[methodName]=methods[methodName];
    }
  }
}

var thingsToEnhance = ['a','abbr','acronym','address'/* on and on... */];

enhance(thingsToEnhance, {
  doStuff : function(){
    /* ... */
  },
  doOtherStuff : function(){
    /* ... */
  } 
  /* ... */
});

Of course, I'd like to do this without listing every single html element. Can anyone think of a better way?

(Original question follows)

Goal - make getElementsByClassName work on any DOM node in any browser.

It's been done before (sort of), but here's my shot at it.

The question I have is, is there a good way to make this work with dynamically created elements? It seems that HTML DOM elements don't share a common predictable prototype where getElementsByClassName could be added... Or am I missing something?

Here's what I've got so far (edit - updated per discussion).

(function(){

  var fn = 'getElementsByClassName'; 
  // var fn = 'gEBCN'; // test

  if (typeof document[fn] != 'undefined') return;

  // This is the part I want to get rid of...
  // Can I add getByClass to a single prototype
  // somewhere below Object and be done with it?

  document[fn]=getByClass;
  withDescendants(document, function (node) {
    node[fn]=getByClass;
  });

  function withDescendants (node, callback, userdata) {
    var nodes = node.getElementsByTagName('*'), i=-1;
    while (node=nodes[++i]) {
      callback(node, userdata);
    }
    return userdata;
  }

  function getByClass (className) {
    return withDescendants(this, getMatches, {
      query:new RegExp('(^|\\s+)' + className + '($|\\s+)'), 
      found:[]
    }).found;
  }

  function getMatches (node, data) {
    if (node.className && node.className.match(data.query)) {
      data.found.push(node);
    }
  }

}());

It works well on content loaded before the script loads, but new dynamically-created elements won't get a getElementsByClassName method. Any suggestions (besides setInterval, please)?

回答1:

I think what you want can be achieved by prototyping the Element interface, like

Element.prototype.getElementsByClassName = function() {
    /* do some magic stuff */
};

but don't do this. It doesn't work reliably in all major browsers.

What you're doing in the example in your question is not advisable, too. You're actually extending host objects. Again, please don't do this.

You'll fall in exactly those pitfalls Prototype ran into.

I don't want to merely copy Kangax' article, so please read What’s wrong with extending the DOM.

Why do you want this in the first place? What's your goal?

回答2:

This seems to work, but it's ugly. I wonder if it works in IE?

(function(){

  enhanceDom('a abbr acronym address applet area b base basefont bdo big blockquote body br button caption center cite code col colgroup dd del dfn dir div dl dt em fieldset font form frame frameset h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 h6 head hr html i iframe img input ins isindex kbd label legend li link map menu meta noframes noscript object ol optgroup option p param pre q s samp script select small span strike strong style sub sup table tbody td textarea tfoot th thead title tr tt u ul var'
  ,{
    getElementsByClassName : getByClass
    /* , ... */
  });

  function enhanceDom (tagNames, methods) {
    var i=-1, tagName;
    if (tagNames==''+tagNames) {
      tagNames=tagNames.split(' ');
    }
    for (var methodName in methods) {
      setIfMissing(document, methodName, methods[methodName]);
      while (tagName=tagNames[++i]) {
        var tag=document.createElement(tagName);
        if (tag || !tag.constructor) continue;
        var proto=tag.constructor.prototype;
        setIfMissing(proto, methodName, methods[methodName]);
      }
    }
  }

  function setIfMissing (obj, prop, val) {
    if (typeof obj[prop] == 'undefined') {
      obj[prop]=val;
    }
  }

  function withDescendants (node, callback, userdata) {
    var nodes=node.getElementsByTagName('*'), i=-1;
    while (node=nodes[++i]) {
      callback(node, userdata);
    }
    return userdata;
  }

  function getByClass (className) {
    return withDescendants(this, getMatches, {
      query:new RegExp('(^|\\s+)' + className + '($|\\s+)'), 
      found:[]
    }).found;
  }

  function getMatches (node, data) {
    if (node.className && node.className.match(data.query)) {
      data.found.push(node);
    }
  }

}());

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3653818/modify-prototypes-of-every-possible-dom-element