Linux 安装 Mysql | 易学教程

Linux mysql安装详细步骤

linux系统版本： CentOS 7.3 64位
安装源文件版本：mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql安装位置：/software/mysql
数据库文件数据位置：/data/mysql

1.下载源文件
#wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.在根目录下创建文件夹software和数据库数据文件/data/mysql
#mkdir /software/
#mkdir /data/mysql

3.上传mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz文件到/software下
#cd /software/
#tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4.更改解压缩后的文件夹名称
#mv /software/mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ /software/mysql

5.创建mysql用户组和mysql用户
#groupadd mysql
#useradd -r -g mysql mysql

6.关联myql用户到mysql用户组中
#chown -R mysql:mysql /software/mysql/
#chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/
#chown -R mysql /software/mysql/
#chown -R mysql /data/mysql

7.更改mysql安装文件夹mysql/的权限
#chmod -R 755 /software/mysql/

8.安装libaio依赖包，由于我买的腾讯云服务器centos系统自带的有这个依赖包所以不需要安装，不过自带的依赖包会报错，后面介绍解决办法
查询是否暗转libaio依赖包
#yum search libaio
如果没安装，可以用下面命令安装
#yum install libaio

9.初始化mysql命令
#cd /software/mysql/bin
#./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/software/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize

如果出现错误：
error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file
yum 安装的libnuma.so.1，但安装时默认安装的是32的，但db2需要的是64位的
1.yum remove libnuma.so.1
2.yum -y install numactl.x86_64
3.删除 /data/mysql/ 文件夹里面的文件重新初始化一下

注意：2019-01-07T09:49:31.758859Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: vgQB(sr-w2rt
root@localhost: 后面跟的是mysql数据库登录的临时密码，各人安装生成的临时密码不一样

10.修改Mysql配置文件
#vim /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
修改前
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
fi
sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

修改后

if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/software/mysql
bindir=/software/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/data/mysql
fi
sbindir=/software/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/software/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

----
ESC :wq保存退出

#cp /software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

11.修改my.cnf文件

#vi /etc/my.cnf

将下面内容复制替换当前的my.cnf文件中的内容

[client]
no-beep
socket =/software/mysql/mysql.sock
# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=3306
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
basedir=/software/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
pid-file=/software/mysql/mysqld.pid
#skip-grant-tables
skip-name-resolve
socket = /software/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
# Server Id.
server-id=1
max_connections=2000
query_cache_size=0
table_open_cache=2000
tmp_table_size=246M
thread_cache_size=300
#限定用于每个数据库线程的栈大小。默认设置足以满足大多数应用
thread_stack = 192k
key_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer_size=4M
read_rnd_buffer_size=32M
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_log_buffer_size=16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size=256M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_thread_concurrency=128
innodb_autoextend_increment=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000
innodb_open_files=300
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0
back_log=80
flush_time=0
join_buffer_size=128M
max_allowed_packet=1024M
max_connect_errors=2000
open_files_limit=4161
query_cache_type=0
sort_buffer_size=32M
table_definition_cache=1400
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K
sync_master_info=10000
sync_relay_log=10000
sync_relay_log_info=10000
#批量插入数据缓存大小，可以有效提高插入效率，默认为8M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
interactive_timeout = 120
wait_timeout = 120
log-bin-trust-function-creators=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES