Retrieving files from directory that contains large amount of files

问题

I have directory that contains nearly 14,000,000 audio samples in *.wav format.

All plain storage, no subdirectories.

I want to loop through the files, but when I use DirectoryInfo.GetFiles() on that folder the whole application freezes for minutes!

Can this be done another way? Perhaps read 1000, process them, then take next 1000 and so on?

回答1:

Have you tried EnumerateFiles method of DirectoryInfo class?

As MSDN Says

The EnumerateFiles and GetFiles methods differ as follows: When you use EnumerateFiles, you can start enumerating the collection of FileInfo objects before the whole collection is returned; when you use GetFiles, you must wait for the whole array of FileInfo objects to be returned before you can access the array. Therefore, when you are working with many files and directories, EnumerateFiles can be more efficient.

回答2:

In .NET 4.0, Directory.EnumerateFiles(...) is IEnumerable<string> (rather than the string[] of Directory.GetFiles(...)), so it can stream entries rather than buffer them all; i.e.

foreach(var file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path)) {
    // ...
}

回答3:

you are hitting the limitation of Windows file system itself. When number of files in a directory grows to a large number (and 14M is way beyond that threshold), accessing the directory becomes incredibly slow. It doesn't really matter if you read one file at a time or 1000, it's just directory access.

One way to solve this is to create subdirectories and break apart your files into groups. If each directory has 1000-5000 (guessing but you can experiment with actual numbers), then you should get decent performance opening/creating/deleting files.

This is why if you look at applications like Doxygen, which creates a file for every class, they follow this scheme and put everything into 2 levels of subdirectories which use random names.

回答4:

Use Win32 Api FindFile functions to do it without blocking the app.

You can also call Directory.GetFiles in a System.Threading.Task (TPL) to prevent your UI from freezing.

回答5:

Enjoy.

    public List<string> LoadPathToAllFiles(string pathToFolder, int numberOfFilesToReturn)
    {
        var dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(pathToFolder);
        var firstFiles = dirInfo.EnumerateFiles().Take(numberOfFilesToReturn).ToList();
        return firstFiles.Select(l => l.FullName).ToList();
    }

回答6:

I hit this issue of accessing large files in a single directory a lot of the time. Sub-directories are a good option, but soon even they don't offer much help sometimes. What I now do is create an Index file - a text file with names of all the files in the directory (provided I am creating files in that directory). I then read the index file and then open then actual file from the directory for processing

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7865159/retrieving-files-from-directory-that-contains-large-amount-of-files

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