自定义View之数字键盘 (NumberKeyboardView)⌨️

岁酱吖の 提交于 2019-12-27 18:04:00

在这里插入图片描述

在实际开发中,我们通常会遇到自定义键盘输入内容的情况,比如微信中的输入支付密码,验证码等场景,往往这些键盘都比较简单,通常是输入数字和小数点等内容,本篇文章将通过组合已有控件,打造一款通用的数字键盘 ⌨️

仓库地址:https://github.com/plain-dev/NumberKeyboardView

库清单🧾

首先列觉一下本控件所用到的库

  • RecyclerView

    数字键盘本体,承载键盘的按键的显示,响应输入等

  • BaseRecyclerViewAdapterHelper

    一个强大的RecyclerView适配器库,封装常用逻辑,让适配器更加简洁

效果演示 ⌨️

实现过程

数字键盘View

一开始想起来做数字键盘的时候,第一个想到的是GridLayout,然后想到了GridView,前者可以很好的实现这种需求,但扩展性不高,后者做这种网格布局是再适合不过了,但现在有了RecyclerView则不需要GridView了,因为RecyclerView通过指定布局管理器,可以实现多种布局效果,这里我们就用到了GridLayoutMananger

这里我们继承RelativeLayout来承载此View,里面则是一个RecyclerView

class NumberKeyboardView @JvmOverloads constructor(
    context: Context,
    attrs: AttributeSet? = null,
    defStyleAttr: Int = 0
) : RelativeLayout(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
	
	......
	
}

布局也非常简单,仅一个RecyclerView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/rvKeyboard"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="#fbfbfb" />

然后初始化我们的RecyclerView,做一些常规的配置,比如AdapterLayoutManager等,然后UI上Item之间还有线段分割,这里用到了自定义ItemDecoration,这是RecyclerView非常方便的一个特性,可以自定义Item的装饰器。

private fun initRv(context: Context) {
	adapter = NumberKeyboardAdapter(keyValueList)
	rvKeyboard.layoutManager = GridLayoutManager(context, 3)
	val dividerItemDecoration = GridDividerItemDecoration.Builder(context)
			.setShowLastLine(false)
            .setHorizontalSpan(R.dimen.SIZE_1)
            .setVerticalSpan(R.dimen.SIZE_1)
            .setColor(Color.parseColor("#ebebeb"))
            .build()
	rvKeyboard.addItemDecoration(dividerItemDecoration)
	rvKeyboard.adapter = adapter
}

适配器这里用到了第三方库BaseRecyclerViewAdapterHelper,结构很清晰

class NumberKeyboardAdapter internal constructor(data: List<Map<String, String>>?) :

    BaseQuickAdapter<Map<String, String>, BaseViewHolder>(R.layout.item_number_keyboard, data) {

    override fun convert(viewHolder: BaseViewHolder, item: Map<String, String>) {
        val tvKey = viewHolder.getView<TextView>(R.id.tvKey)
        val rlDel = viewHolder.getView<RelativeLayout>(R.id.rlDel)
        val position = viewHolder.layoutPosition
        if (position == Constant.KEYBOARD_DEL) {
            rlDel.visibility = View.VISIBLE
            tvKey.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
        } else {
            rlDel.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
            tvKey.visibility = View.VISIBLE
            tvKey.text = item[Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME]
        }
    }

}

Item的布局如下,一个显示文字,一个是删除键的图片,通过不同数据,来控制两者的显示和隐藏,比较简单粗暴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="#fbfbfb">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvKey"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:includeFontPadding="false"
        android:textColor="#333333"
        android:textSize="26sp" />

    <RelativeLayout
        android:id="@+id/rlDel"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true">

        <ImageView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:src="@drawable/icon_keyboard_del" />

    </RelativeLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

接下来就是RecyclerView的数据了,我们这里的按键有0-9小数点删除,直接一个List集合就好

private fun initKeyValueList() {
	if (null == keyValueList) {
		keyValueList = ArrayList()
		for (i in 1..12) {
			val map = HashMap<String, String>()
			when {
				i < Constant.KEYBOARD_ZERO -> map[Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME] = i.toString()
				i == Constant.KEYBOARD_ZERO -> map[Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME] = "."
				i == Constant.KEYBOARD_DEL -> map[Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME] = 0.toString()
				else -> map[Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME] = ""
			}
			keyValueList!!.add(map)
		}
	}
}

这样,键盘部分就差不多了,然后将此View添加到容器中就好了

val view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout_number_keyboard, this, false)
addView(view)

数字键盘帮助类

以上我们的键盘就可以正常显示了,但还没有真正的点击操作。这里我们封装一个键盘帮助类KeyboardHelper,在这里实现键盘的操作,并封装一些常用的方法

这里我们将本类设计为单例模式

companion object {

	@Volatile
	private var instance: KeyboardHelper? = null
		get() {
			if (field == null) {
				field = KeyboardHelper()
			}
			return field
		}

	@Synchronized
	fun get(): KeyboardHelper {
		return instance!!
	}
}

我们要想使用自定义的键盘,首先就要屏蔽掉系统键盘,一般常用的方法就是通过反射,这里封装一个方法,暴露给外部使用

@SuppressLint("ObsoleteSdkInt")
fun banSystemKeyboard(context: Activity, editText: EditText) {
	if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= 10) {
		editText.inputType = InputType.TYPE_NULL
	} else {
		context.window.setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_HIDDEN)
		try {
			val cls = EditText::class.java
			val setShowSoftInputOnFocus: Method
			setShowSoftInputOnFocus = cls.getMethod("setShowSoftInputOnFocus", Boolean::class.javaPrimitiveType!!)
			setShowSoftInputOnFocus.isAccessible = true
			setShowSoftInputOnFocus.invoke(editText, false)
		} catch (e: Exception) {
			e.printStackTrace()
		}
	}
}

既然是键盘,那它的使用方肯定是输入框EditText,这里我们给外部暴露一个bind方法,绑定两者,并提供一个接口,回调输入的内容给外部

fun bind(
	editText: EditText,
	numberKeyboardView: NumberKeyboardView,
	listener: OnKeyboardChangeListener
) {
	editText.requestFocus()
	editText.isSaveEnabled = false
	valueList = numberKeyboardView.getKeyValueList()
	val adapter = numberKeyboardView.adapter
	if (null != adapter && !(null == valueList || valueList!!.isEmpty())) {
		processKeyClick(editText, adapter)
		observedEditText(editText, listener)
	}
}

可以看到,方法里面主要调用了两个方法,processKeyClick是用来处理键盘点击的,observedEditText是用来观察EditText的,如果输入内容发生变化,则会通知外部刷新

首先看processKeyClick,这里就是为adapter设置点击事件监听,BaseRecyclerViewAdapterHelper为我们提供了很好的方法,直接调用即可

adapter.onItemClickListener =
		BaseQuickAdapter.OnItemClickListener { 
		_,
		_,
		position ->
		respondKeyClick(editText, position)
}

接下来就是对每一个键的处理,代码虽然长,但很好理解,主要就是拼接字符串、首位0和小数点的判断,如果光标不在末尾,则用到了插入删除方法,进行处理

private fun respondKeyClick(et: EditText, pos: Int) {
	if (pos < 11 && pos != 9) { // click number 0 - 9
		var amount = et.text.toString().trim { it <= ' ' }
		amount += valueList!![pos][Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME]
		val index = et.selectionStart
		// cannot enter zero in the first place
		if (pos == 10 && index == 0) {
			return
		}
		if (index == amount.length - 1) {
			et.setText(amount)
			val ea = et.text
			et.setSelection(ea.length)
		} else {
			val editable = et.text
			editable.insert(index, valueList!![pos][Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME])
		}
	} else {
		if (pos == 9) { // click dot
			var amount = et.text.toString().trim { it <= ' ' }
			if (TextUtils.isEmpty(amount)) {
				return
			}
			val index = et.selectionStart
			if (index == amount.length && !amount.contains(".")) {
				amount += valueList!![pos][Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME]!!
				et.setText(amount)
				val ea = et.text
				et.setSelection(ea.length)
			} else if (index > 0 && !amount.contains(".")) {
				val editable = et.text
				editable.insert(index, valueList!![pos][Constant.MAP_KEY_NAME])
			}
		}
		if (pos == 11) { // click delete
			var amount = et.text.toString().trim { it <= ' ' }
			if (amount.isNotEmpty()) {
				val index = et.selectionStart
				if (index == amount.length) {
					amount = amount.substring(0, amount.length - 1)
					et.setText(amount)
					val ea = et.text
					et.setSelection(ea.length)
				} else {
					if (index != 0) {
						val editable = et.text
						editable.delete(index - 1, index)
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

然后就是对输入内容的回调,这里用到了TextWatcher类,通过它就可以观察EditText输入框内容的变化

private fun observedEditText(editText: EditText, listener: OnKeyboardChangeListener) {
	if (null == watcher) {
		watcher = object : TextWatcher {

			override fun beforeTextChanged(
				s: CharSequence,
				start: Int,
				count: Int,
				after: Int
			) {
                    //Empty
			}

			override fun onTextChanged(
				s: CharSequence, 
				start: Int, 
				before: Int, 
				count: Int
			) {
                    //Empty
			}

			override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable) {
				val inputVal = editText.text.toString()
				val effectiveVal = perfectDecimal(inputVal, 3, 2)
				if (effectiveVal != inputVal) {
					editText.setText(effectiveVal)
					val pos = editText.text.length
					editText.setSelection(pos)
				}
				callBackInputResult(listener, effectiveVal)
			}

		}
	}
	editText.addTextChangedListener(watcher)
}

这里我们对输入的内容做一下限制,小数点前最多输入3位,小数点后最多输入2位

private fun perfectDecimal(inputVal: String, maxBeforeDot: Int, maxDecimal: Int): String {
	var inputVal = inputVal
	if (inputVal.isEmpty()) return ""
	if (inputVal[0] == '.') inputVal = "0$inputVal"
	val max = inputVal.length
	val rFinal = StringBuilder()
	var after = false
	var i = 0
	var up = 0
	var decimal = 0
	var t: Char
	while (i < max) {
		t = inputVal[i]
		if (t != '.' && !after) {
			up++
			if (up > maxBeforeDot) return rFinal.toString()
		} else if (t == '.') {
			after = true
		} else {
			decimal++
			if (decimal > maxDecimal) return rFinal.toString()
		}
		rFinal.append(t)
		i++
	}
	return rFinal.toString()
}

这样我们只需回调合法的输入内容就可以了,然后对回调的内容也做一下限制,如果两次输入内容一致,就不回调了,通过lastCallbackResult来记录一下

private fun callBackInputResult(listener: OnKeyboardChangeListener?, str: String) {
	if (null != listener) {
		if (str != lastCallbackResult) {
			lastCallbackResult = str
			listener.onTextChange(str)
		}
	}
}

使用方法

通过上面的封装,我们的数字键盘就算完工了,而且使用起来也很方便

使用数字键盘View

<top.i97.numberkeyboard.view.NumberKeyboardView
        android:id="@+id/numberKeyboard"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="#fbfbfb" />

通过KeyboardHelper帮助类,完成系统键盘的屏蔽以及EditTextNumberKeyboardView的绑定

helper.banSystemKeyboard(activity, editText)
helper.bind(editText, numberKeyboard, object : OnKeyboardChangeListener {
	override fun onTextChange(text: String) {
		inputContent = text
	}
})

总结

通过上面的流程,可以感受到,开发一个简单的数字键盘还是很轻松的,借助自带的RecyclerView就可以轻松完成 ❤️

项目已提交Github,欢迎点我进入仓库查看

最后感谢大家的观看

done

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