Segmentation fault after removing debug printing

问题

I have a (for me) very weird segmentation error. At first, I thought it was interference between my 4 cores due to openmp, but removing openmp from the equation is not what I want. It turns out that when I do, the segfault still occurs.

What's weird is that if I add a print or write anywhere within the inner-do, it works.

subroutine histogrambins(rMatrix, N, L,  dr, maxBins, bins)
    implicit none;

    double precision, dimension(N,3), intent(in):: rMatrix;
    integer, intent(in) :: maxBins, N;
    double precision, intent(in) :: L, dr;

    integer, dimension(maxBins, 1), intent(out)  :: bins;

    integer :: i, j, b;  
    double precision, dimension(N,3) :: cacheParticle, cacheOther;
    double precision :: r;
    do b= 1, maxBins
        bins(b,1) = 0;
    end do 
    !$omp parallel do &
    !$omp default(none) &
    !$omp firstprivate(N, L, dr, rMatrix, maxBins) &
    !$omp private(cacheParticle, cacheOther, r, b) &
    !$omp shared(bins) 
    do i = 1,N 
        do j = 1,N
            !Check the pair distance between this one (i) and its (j) closest image 
            if (i /= j) then 
                !should be faster, because it doesn't have to look for matrix indices 
                cacheParticle(1, :) = rMatrix(i,:); 
                cacheOther(1, :) = rMatrix(j, :);  

                call inbox(cacheParticle, L);
                call inbox(cacheOther, L);  
                call closestImage(cacheParticle, cacheOther, L);    
                r = sum( (cacheParticle - cacheOther) * (cacheParticle - cacheOther) ) ** .5; 
                if (r /= r) then
                    ! r is NaN 
                     bins(maxBins,1) = bins(maxBins,1) + 1;
                else   
                     b = floor(r/dr);
                     if (b > maxBins) then
                         b = maxBins;
                     end if     

                     bins(b,1) = bins(b,1) + 1;
                end if
            end if
        end do
    end do
    !$omp end parallel do
end subroutine histogramBins 

I enabled -debug-capi in the f2py command:

f2py --fcompiler=gfortran --f90flags="-fopenmp -fcheck=all" -lgomp --debug-capi --debug -m -c modulename module.f90; 

Which gives me this:

debug-capi:Fortran subroutine histogrambins(rmatrix,&n,&l,&dr,&maxbins,bins)'
At line 320 of file mol-dy.f90
Fortran runtime error: Aborted

It also does a load of other checking, listing arguments given and other subroutines called and so on.

Anyway, the two subroutines called in are both non-parallel subroutines. I use them in several other subroutines and I thought it best not to call a parallel subroutine with the parallel code of another subroutine. So, at the time of processing this function, no other function should be active.

What's going on here? How can adding "print *, ;"" cause a segfault to go away?

Thank you for your time.

回答1:

It's not unusual for print statements to impact - and either create or remove the segfault. The reason is that they change the way memory is laid out to make room for the string being printed, or you will be making room for temporary strings if you're doing some formatting. That change can be sufficient to cause a bug to either appear as a crash for the first time, or to disappear.

I see you're calling this from Python. If you're using Linux - you could try following a guide to using a debugger with Fortran called from Python and find the line and the data values that cause the crash. This method also works for OpenMP. You can also try using GDB as the debugger.

Without the source code to your problem, I don't think you're likely to get an "answer" to the question - but hopefully the above ideas will help you to solve this yourself.

Using a debugger is (in my experience) considerably less likely to have this now-you-see-it-now-you-don't behaviour than with print statements (almost certainly so if only using one thread).

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/28798296/segmentation-fault-after-removing-debug-printing