Unable to run JAR through command line or double click

问题

I was following Ant tutorial and wrote a simple program for log4j.But when I am trying to run the JAR by command line I am unable to do so.

Now I am unable to even guess what is the problem.

No error is coming up when running JAR via the command line but log file is not updating
Log file is updated when app ran in JDeveloper
Log file is updated when JAR is ran via Ant script
I have already added log4j.properties inside the JAR
I have added classpath in commandline

About the JAR (LoggingTestApp.jar)
META-INF -> MANIFEST.mf
pack ->Mainn.class
log4j.properties

MANIFEST.MF

Manifest-Version: 1.0
Ant-Version: Apache Ant 1.7.1
Created-By: 19.1-b02 (Sun Microsystems Inc.)
Main-Class: pack.Mainn

The pack.Mainn class

package pack;

import org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

public class Mainn {
    public Mainn() {
        super();
    }
    String className = this.getClass().getName();

    void logTest() {
        Logger log = Logger.getLogger(className);
        System.out.println("Logging started");
        log.debug(this.className + "Hello this is an debug message");
        log.info(this.className + "Hello this is an info message");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Main started");
        Mainn a = new Mainn();
        a.logTest();
    }
}

Ant build script

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<project name="LoggingTestApp" basedir="." default="main">
    <property name="src.dir"     value="src"/>
    <property name="lib.dir"     value="lib"/>

    <property name="build.dir"   value="build"/>
    <property name="classes.dir" value="${build.dir}/classes"/>
    <property name="jar.dir"     value="${build.dir}/jar"/>

    <property name="main-class"  value="pack.Mainn"/>

    <path id="classpath">
        <fileset dir="${lib.dir}" includes="**/*.jar"/>
    </path>

    <target name="clean">
        <delete dir="${build.dir}"/>
    </target>

    <target name="compile">
        <mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/>
        <javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}" classpathref="classpath"/>
        <copy todir="${classes.dir}">
            <fileset dir="${src.dir}" excludes="**/*.java"/>
        </copy>
    </target>

    <target name="jar" depends="compile">
        <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
        <jar destfile="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${classes.dir}">
            <manifest>
                <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/>
            </manifest>
        </jar>
    </target>

    <target name="run" depends="jar">
        <java fork="true" classname="${main-class}">
            <classpath>
                <path refid="classpath"/>
                <path location="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar"/>
            </classpath>
        </java>
    </target>

    <target name="clean-build" depends="clean,jar"/>

    <target name="main" depends="clean,run"/>

</project>

Initially some errors of Mainn class not found were coming but I was able to take care of that by looking up.

Now there is one thing that I have been unable to do. I tried the following command to run it but there was some problem due to classpath.

Running directly

java -jar ./LoggingTestApp.jar

Main started
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/Logger
        at pack.Mainn.logTest(Unknown Source)
        at pack.Mainn.main(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Logger
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source)
        at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
        at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
        at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
        at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
        ... 2 more

I looked up and found that Running with jar as part of classpath solved the problem for everybody. When I ran the following command no error came up but the log did not update.

java -cp I:\Study\Codes\_JDeveloper\LoggingTestApp\Client\lib\log4j1.2.13.jar;.\LoggingTestApp.jar pack.Mainn

No error but just

Usage: java [-options] class [args...]
           (to execute a class)
   or  java [-options] -jar jarfile [args...]
           (to execute a jar file)
where options include:
    -d32          use a 32-bit data model if available
    -d64          use a 64-bit data model if available
    -server       to select the "server" VM
    -hotspot      is a synonym for the "server" VM  [deprecated]
                  The default VM is server.

    -cp <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
    -classpath <class search path of directories and zip/jar files>
                  A ; separated list of directories, JAR archives,
                  and ZIP archives to search for class files.
    -D<name>=<value>
                  set a system property
    -verbose:[class|gc|jni]
                  enable verbose output
    -version      print product version and exit
    -version:<value>
                  require the specified version to run
    -showversion  print product version and continue
    -jre-restrict-search | -no-jre-restrict-search
                  include/exclude user private JREs in the version search
    -? -help      print this help message
    -X            print help on non-standard options
    -ea[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
    -enableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
                  enable assertions with specified granularity
    -da[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
    -disableassertions[:<packagename>...|:<classname>]
                  disable assertions with specified granularity
    -esa | -enablesystemassertions
                  enable system assertions
    -dsa | -disablesystemassertions
                  disable system assertions
    -agentlib:<libname>[=<options>]
                  load native agent library <libname>, e.g. -agentlib:hprof
                  see also, -agentlib:jdwp=help and -agentlib:hprof=help
    -agentpath:<pathname>[=<options>]
                  load native agent library by full pathname
    -javaagent:<jarpath>[=<options>]
                  load Java programming language agent, see java.lang.instrument
    -splash:<imagepath>
                  show splash screen with specified image
See http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/documentation/index.html for more details.

Now I don't know what to look for. There's no error but using command line to run the JAR is not working at all.

回答1:

Try packing the log4j library along with your JAR file

<target name="jar" depends="compile">
    <mkdir dir="${jar.dir}"/>
    <jar destfile="${jar.dir}/${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${classes.dir}" filesetmanifest="mergewithoutmain">
        <manifest>
            <attribute name="Main-Class" value="${main-class}"/>
            <attribute name="Class-Path" value="."/>
        </manifest>
        <zipfileset excludes="META-INF/*.SF" src="I:/Study/Codes/_JDeveloper/LoggingTestApp/Client/lib/log4j1.2.13.jar"/>
    </jar>
</target>

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22283880/unable-to-run-jar-through-command-line-or-double-click

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