问题
I get images files which have Czech characters in the filename (eg, ěščřžýáíé) and I want to rename them without the accents so that they are more compatible for the web. I thought I could use a simple str_replace function but it doesn't seem to work the same with the file array as it does with a string literal.
I read the files with readdir, after checking for extension.
function readFiles($dir, $ext = false) {
if (is_dir($dir)) {
if ($dh = opendir($dir)) {
while (($file = readdir($dh)) !== false) {
if($ext){
if(end(explode('.', $file)) == $ext) {
$f[] = $file;
}
} else {
$f[] = $file;
}
}
closedir($dh);
return $f;
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
return false;
}
}
$files = readFiles(".", "jpg");
$search = array('š','á','ž','í','ě','é','ř','ň','ý','č',' ');
$replace = array('s','a','z','i','e','e','r','n','y','c','-');
$string = "čšěáýísdjksnalci sášěééalskcnkkjy+ěéší";
$safe_string = str_replace($search, $replace, $string);
echo '<pre>';
foreach($files as $fl) {
$safe_files[] = str_replace($search, $replace, $fl);
}
var_dump($files);
var_dump($safe_files);
var_dump($string);
var_dump($safe_string);
echo '</pre>';
Output
array(6) {
[0]=>
string(21) "Hl�vka s listem01.jpg"
[1]=>
string(23) "Hl�vky v atelieru02.jpg"
[2]=>
string(17) "Jarn� v�hon03.jpg"
[3]=>
string(17) "Mlad� chmel04.jpg"
[4]=>
string(23) "Stavba chmelnice 05.jpg"
[5]=>
string(21) "Zimni chmelnice06.jpg"
}
array(6) {
[0]=>
string(21) "Hl�vka-s-listem01.jpg"
[1]=>
string(23) "Hl�vky-v-atelieru02.jpg"
[2]=>
string(17) "Jarn�-v�hon03.jpg"
[3]=>
string(17) "Mlad�-chmel04.jpg"
[4]=>
string(23) "Stavba-chmelnice-05.jpg"
[5]=>
string(21) "Zimni-chmelnice06.jpg"
}
string(53) "čšěáýísdjksnalci sášěééalskcnkkjy+ěéší"
string(38) "cseayisdjksnalci-saseeealskcnkkjy+eesi"
Right now I'm running on WAMP but answers that work across platforms are even better :)
回答1:
According to the 0xFFFD marks (which appears in Firefox as diamonds with a question mark inside) you already aren't reading them using the correct encoding (which would be Unicode / UTF-8). As far I found this bug, it seems to be related.
Here's another SO topic about that: php readdir problem with japanese language file name
To the point, wait until they get PHP6 stable and then use it.
Unrelated to the problem: the Normalizer is a better tool to get rid of diacritical marks.
回答2:
If it works with strings but not with arrays, just applies it on strings :-)
$search = array('š','á','ž','í','ě','é','ř','ň','ý','č',' ');
$replace = array('s','a','z','i','e','e','r','n','y','c','-');
len = count($safe_files)
for ($i=0; $i<len; $i++)
$safe_files[$i] = str_replace($search, $replace, $safe_files[$i]);
I think str_replace accept arrays only for the 2 first params, and not the last. I may be wrong, but anyway this should work.
If by any mean, you have a real encoding problem, it could just be that you OS use a single byte encoding while your source file use another, probably UTF-8.
In that case, do something like :
$search = array('š','á','ž','í','ě','é','ř','ň','ý','č',' ');
$replace = array('s','a','z','i','e','e','r','n','y','c','-');
$code_encoding = "UTF-8"; // this is my guess, but put whatever is yours
$os_encoding = "CP-1250"; // this is my guess, but put whatever is yours
len = count($safe_files)
for ($i=0; $i<len; $i++)
{
$safe_files[$i] = iconv($os_encoding , $code_encoding, $safe_files[$i]); // convert before replace
/*
ALternatively :
$safe_files[$i] = mb_convert_encoding($safe_files[$i], $code_encoding , $os_encoding );
*/
$safe_files[$i] = str_replace($search, $replace, $safe_files[$i]);
}
mb_convert_encoding() require the ext/mbstring extension and iconv() require ext/iconv.
回答3:
Not directly an answer to your question maybe but you might want to take a look at the iconv() function in PHP and more in particulare the //TRANSLIT option that you can append to the second argument.
I've used it several times turning french and eastern europe strings to their a-z and url friendly counterparts.
From PHP.net (http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.iconv.php)
If you append the string //TRANSLIT to out_charset transliteration is activated. This means that when a character can't be represented in the target charset, it can be approximated through one or several similarly looking characters.
回答4:
Your source code (and the test string) appear to be in utf8, while file names seem to use a single-byte encoding. I'd suggest you use the same encoding for your replacement string. To avoid source encoding issues, it'd better to write accented chars in your code in a hex form (like \xE8 for "č" etc).
回答5:
So I got it working on my Windows XP system by this
$search = array('š','á','ž','í','e','é','r','n','ý','c',' ');
$replace = array('s','a','z','i','e','e','r','n','y','c','-');
$files = readFiles(".", "jpg");
$len = count($files);
for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++){
if(mb_check_encoding($files[$i], 'ASCII')){
$safe_files[$i] = $files[$i];
}else{
$safe_files[$i] = str_replace(
$search, $replace, iconv("iso-8859-1", "utf-8//TRANSLIT", $files[$i]));
}
if($files[$i] != $safe_files[$i]){
rename($files[$i], $safe_files[$i]);
}
}
I don't know if it's a conincidence or not, but calling mb_get_info() shows
[internal_encoding] => ISO-8859-1
回答6:
Here is another function I found helpful on the PHP strtr page
<?
// Windows-1250 to ASCII
// This function replace all Windows-1250 accent characters with
// thier non-accent ekvivalents. Useful for Czech and Slovak languages.
function win2ascii($str) {
$str = StrTr($str,
"\xE1\xE8\xEF\xEC\xE9\xED\xF2",
"\x61\x63\x64\x65\x65\x69\x6E");
$str = StrTr($str,
"\xF3\xF8\x9A\x9D\xF9\xFA\xFD\x9E\xF4\xBC\xBE",
"\x6F\x72\x73\x74\x75\x75\x79\x7A\x6F\x4C\x6C");
$str = StrTr($str,
"\xC1\xC8\xCF\xCC\xC9\xCD\xC2\xD3\xD8",
"\x41\x43\x44\x45\x45\x49\x4E\x4F\x52");
$str = StrTr($str,
"\x8A\x8D\xDA\xDD\x8E\xD2\xD9\xEF\xCF",
"\x53\x54\x55\x59\x5A\x4E\x55\x64\x44");
return $str;
}
?>
Basically, it wasn't such a problem to convert the european characters to an ascii equivilent, but I could find no reliable way to rename the files (ie, reference files with non-ascii characters).
回答7:
For UTF-8 use the PHP function utf8_encode. Microsoft Windows uses ISO-8859-1 so in this case a conversion is necessary.
Example - listing the files in a dir:
<?php
$dir_handle = opendir(".");
while (false !== ($file = readdir($dir_handle)))
{
echo utf8_encode($file)."<br>";
}
?>
回答8:
Area5one has it right - it's a problem of different encoding.
When I upgraded my machine from XP to Win7, I also upgraded my version of MySQL and PHP. Somewhere along the way, PHP programs that used to work stopped working. In particular, scandir, readdir and utf-8 had lived happily together, but no longer.
So, I've modified my code. Variables related to data taken from the hard disk end in "_iso" to reflecct Windows' ISO-8859-1 encoding, data from the MySQL database goes in variables ending in "_utf". Thus, the code from area5one would like this: $dir_handle_iso = opendir("."); while (false !== ($file_iso = readdir($dir_handle_iso))) { $file_utf = utf8_encode($file); ... }
回答9:
This works for me 100%:
setlocale(LC_ALL,"cs_CZ");
$new_str = iconv("UTF-8","ASCII//TRANSLIT",$orig_str);
回答10:
$file = mb_convert_encoding($file, 'UTF-8', "iso-8859-1"); Worked for me (Windows, Danish characters).
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1766863/php-readdir-with-european-characters