Throw multiple-template class in a template template parameter - template binding?

问题

Given the following class:

template <class T, template <typename> class B>
class A { B<T> b; };

I can now write code like such:

A<float, MyVector> a1;
A<int, MySet> a2;

What is the most elegant way to put multi-parameter classes of which all parameters are specified except one, in B? Like a map with int-keys? The only thing I can come up with is this:

template <class U> using C = MyMap<int, U>;
A<float, C<int>> a3;

Is there such a template equivalent to std::bind, where we can provide only a part of the parameters and leave one of them open? I'm quite sure the language doesn't provide for this, but people must've solved this before.

A<float, MyMap<int, _>> a3;

回答1:

There isn't a built-in template equivalent to std::bind, but you can write one yourself. Here's a simple version which binds the first template argument which you could extend to suit your needs:

template <typename T, template <typename...> class B>
struct bind_t1 {
    template <typename... Ts>
    using type = B<T,Ts...>;   
};

Then you just use bind_t1 like so:

A<float, bind_t1<int, std::map>::type> a3;

Note that for your example, you'll need to modify your template parameters to take a variadic template template:

template <class T, template <typename...> class B>
class A { B<T> b; };

Here's a slightly extended version which can bind a number of contiguous elements at the start of the parameter list:

template <template <typename...> class B, typename... Ts>
struct bind_nt1 {
    template <typename... Us>
    using type = B<Ts...,Us...>;   
};

//Usage
A<std::less<int>, bind_nt1<std::map, int, float>::type> a3;

Here's a generic version based on the way std::bind does things. It doesn't do any validation and probably has some edge cases, but it's a good starting point. Thanks to Piotr Skotnicki for improvements.

template <std::size_t N> 
struct placeholder{};

template <template <typename...> class B, typename... Ts>
struct bind_t {
private:
    template <typename T, typename UTuple>
    struct resolve_placeholder {
        using type = T;
    };

    template <std::size_t N, typename UTuple>
    struct resolve_placeholder<placeholder<N>, UTuple> {
        using type = typename std::tuple_element<N-1, UTuple>::type;
    };

public:
    template <typename... Us>
    using type = B<typename resolve_placeholder<Ts, std::tuple<Us...>>::type...>;
};


//Usage 
A<int, bind_t<std::map, float, placeholder<1>, std::less<float>>::type> a3;

Using this, you can even change the order of template parameters:

//std::map<int,float>
bind_t<std::map, placeholder<2>, placeholder<1>>::type<float, int> b;

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32395750/throw-multiple-template-class-in-a-template-template-parameter-template-bindin

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c++

templates

template-templates