SQL Server: split record

问题

I have a table like this:

account   |   check1          |   check2
1         |   100]200]300     |   101]209]305
2         |   401]502         |   404]511
3         |   600             |   601

I want to separate the records into something like this:

account   |   check1     |   check2
1         |   100        |   101
1         |   200        |   209
1         |   300        |   305
2         |   401        |   404
2         |   502        |   511
.         |     .        |    .
.         |     .        |    .
.         |     .        |    .

How do I do this using SQL server only?

Thanks,

回答1:

First, you need a split function that can allow you to determine order within the result. This is a multi-statement TVF which uses an IDENTITY column

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings
(
    @List       NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @Delimiter  NVARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS @t TABLE(ID INT IDENTITY(1,1), Item INT)
AS
BEGIN
    INSERT @t(Item) SELECT SUBSTRING(@List, Number, 
        CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @List + @Delimiter, Number) - Number)
    FROM (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [object_id])
        FROM sys.all_objects) AS n(Number)
    WHERE Number <= CONVERT(INT, LEN(@List))
        AND SUBSTRING(@Delimiter + @List, Number, 1) = @Delimiter
    ORDER BY Number OPTION (MAXDOP 1);

    RETURN;
END
GO

(If you have a Numbers table, you can use that instead of the subquery, and this will also allow you to add WITH SCHEMABINDING to the function's definition, which provides potential performance benefits.)

With the function in place, here is sample usage given the data you've provided and desired results:

DECLARE @x TABLE(account INT, check1 NVARCHAR(1000), check2 NVARCHAR(1000));

INSERT @x SELECT 1, '100]200]300','101]209]305'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, '401]502','404]511'
UNION ALL SELECT 3, '600','601'
UNION ALL SELECT 4, '205]104','304]701'; -- I added this sanity check

SELECT account, check1 = s1.Item, check2 = s2.Item
FROM @x AS x
CROSS APPLY dbo.SplitStrings(x.check1, ']') AS s1
CROSS APPLY dbo.SplitStrings(x.check2, ']') AS s2
WHERE s1.ID = s2.ID
ORDER BY account, s1.ID;

Results:

account  check1  check2
-------  ------  ------
1        100     101
1        200     209
1        300     305
2        401     404
2        502     511
3        600     601
4        205     304
4        104     701

This assumes that you have some kind of validation / enforcement that corresponding values in check1 and check2 columns will always have the same number of values. It also assumes any check1 / check2 value will not exceed about 7,000 characters (again a Numbers table can help make that more flexible).

EDIT

After AndriyM's comments I wanted to come back and re-visit this, mostly to supply a version of the above function which works without using a multi-statement TVF. This uses Andriy's idea ROW_NUMBER() could be used.

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings
(
    @List       NVARCHAR(MAX),
    @Delimiter  NVARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
    RETURN (SELECT Number = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Number),
        Item FROM (SELECT Number, Item = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@List, Number, 
        CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @List + @Delimiter, Number) - Number)))
    FROM (SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [object_id])
        FROM sys.all_objects) AS n(Number)
    WHERE Number <= CONVERT(INT, LEN(@List))
        AND SUBSTRING(@Delimiter + @List, Number, 1) = @Delimiter
    ) AS y);
GO

回答2:

@Aaron Bertrand for the records with null value in the second column 'check2' like this:

Account | Check1      | Check2

001     | 100]200     | ]

002     | 300]400     | Null

003     | 500]600]700 | ]]

your function doesn't return the value like this:

Account | Check1      | Check2

001     | 100         | 

001     | 200         | 

002     | 300         | Null

002     | 400         | Null

003     | 500         |

003     | 600         | 

003     | 700         |

How to improve your function to deal with null value or empty string after the last delimiter?

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10907699/sql-server-split-record