Converting tkinter to exe

问题

Currently I'm trying to convert my tkinter python script to a exe file. I'm using cx_freeze to do this. When i try to add an aditional file, it somehow is not working anymore. In the minimum example I'm using below you can see the method I've used.

import tkinter as tk

import numpy.core._methods, numpy.lib.format 

class Main(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        self.geometry("700x400")
        self.wm_iconbitmap('test.ico')

        container = tk.Frame(self)

        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)

        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.frames = {}

        for F in (StartPage, PageOne):

            frame = F(container, self)
            self.frames[F] = frame
            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        self.show_frame(StartPage)

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()        
        frame.update_page() # <-- update data on page when you click button

    def get_page(self, page_class):
        return self.frames[page_class]


class StartPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.controller = controller 

        label1 = tk.Label(self, text="What are the sizes?")
        label1.pack()

        L1 = tk.Label(self, text="Length :")
        L1.pack()

        self.E1 = tk.Entry(self)
        self.E1.pack()

        button = tk.Button(self, text="Next", command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
        button.pack()

    def update_page(self): # empty method but I need it
        pass   

class PageOne(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        self.controller = controller

        label1 = tk.Label(self, text="You have insert")
        label1.pack()

        # create empty label at start
        self.label2 = tk.Label(self, text="")
        self.label2.pack()

        button = tk.Button(self, text="Back", command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button.pack()

    def update_page(self):
        # update label when page is changed
        page1 = self.controller.get_page(StartPage) 
        var = page1.E1.get()
        self.label2['text'] = var


app = Main()
app.mainloop() 

The second script:

import cx_Freeze
import sys
import matplotlib 
import os 
import numpy.core._methods
import numpy.lib.format

base = None 

if sys.platform=='win32':
    base = "Win32GUI"


executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("Show_file.py")]    

cx_Freeze.setup(
        name = "Name",
        options = {"build_exe":{"packages":["tkinter","matplotlib"],"include_files":["test.ico"]}},
        version="0.01",
        executables=executables) 

When I try to build the exe file, it works when i do not add an icon. However in case I try to add an icon, the exe does not open anymore. Furthermore, when I try to add a database excel file, I get the message that such a file does not exist. Allo the files are in the correct folder. That is not the problem.

Could somebody help me with this problem?

Many thanks in advance.

回答1:

As the title says Converting tkinter to exe I belive pyinstaller is worth mentioning in this case.

There are some debates on which is better pyinstaller or cx_Freeze on the Internet, but I found pyinstaller simplier and it worked for me out of the box with tkinter. One-liner in cmd:

pyinstaller.exe --onefile --icon=myicon.ico main.py

--onefile option produces, well, one output file instead of many.

--icon will connect an icon of your choice.

main.py is your main file with the main function.

回答2:

The tkinter runtimes and libraries are missing. To include those I would suggest using os.environ()and include the runtimes using the include_files argument as they (briefly) described here.

Using os.environ() is easy. For example it can be done like this:

os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tk8.6"

Next include the runtimes (DLLs) in the include files arguement:

    options = {"build_exe":{"packages":["tkinter","matplotlib"],"include_files":["test.ico", "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tcl86t.dll", "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tk86t.dll"]}},

Now your whole setup script should look like this:

import sys # Imports are automatically detected (normally) in the script to freeze
import os 

base = None 

os.environ["TCL_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tcl8.6"
os.environ["TK_LIBRARY"] = "<PathToPython>\\Python\\Python36-32\\tcl\\tk8.6"

if sys.platform=='win32':
    base = "Win32GUI"


executables = [cx_Freeze.Executable("Show_file.py")]    

cx_Freeze.setup(
        name = "Name",
        options = {"build_exe":{"packages":["tkinter","matplotlib"],"include_files":["test.ico", "<PathToPython>\\\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tcl86t.dll", "<PathToPython>\\\\Python\\Python36-32\\DLLs\\tk86t.dll"]}},
        version="0.01",
        executables=executables) 

You don't need all the imports you're going to use in the setup script, cx_Freeze automatically detects them.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48299396/converting-tkinter-to-exe