.gitignore file in Sourcetree not working

问题

I am working on a maven project and I want to ignore the files generated and stored in the /target folder of my project (Evaluation) root folder.In the root of my git repository I have a .gitignore file with the following entries (backend is just a folder which contains the eclipse project Evaluation)

backend/Evaluation/logs/
backend/Evaluation/target/

For some reason SourceTree does not ignore the files stored in these two folders and when I compile my project there are some uncommitted changes which are some .class files inside the /target folder.

Why is this happening ? I also tried to change the .gitignore entries to

/backend/Evaluation/logs/**

but it did not work too.

Any ideas ?

回答1:

Let's say we have a file that was inadvertently added to our repository:

stackoverflow$ echo this file is important > junkfile
stackoverflow$ git add junkfile
stackoverflow$ git ci -m 'added a file'

At some point, we realize that the file is unimportant so we add it to our .gitignore file:

stackoverflow$ echo junkfile >> .gitignore
stackoverflow$ git ci -m 'ignore junkfile' .gitignore

Later on, we make some changes to that file:

stackoverflow$ sed -i 's/ is / is not/' junkfile 

And of course, even though the file is listed in .gitignore, we have already told git that we want to track it, so git status shows:

stackoverflow$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
#   modified:   junkfile
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

We need to remove this file from the repository (without removing the file from our work tree). We can do this with the --cached flag to git rm:

stackoverflow$ git rm --cached junkfile
rm 'junkfile'

This stages the delete operation...

stackoverflow$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
#
#   deleted:    junkfile
#

...so we need to commit it:

stackoverflow$ git commit -m 'removed junkfile from repository'
[master 19f082a] removed junkfile from repository
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)
 delete mode 100644 junkfile

Now if we run git status git will ignore this file:

stackoverflow$ git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit, working directory clean

Even though it's still here in our working tree:

stackoverflow$ cat junkfile 
this file is not important

回答2:

Because there is the Sourcetree tag in the question I will answer you how to do this with Sourcetree, it's really simple.

As said before you first have to remove the file from tracking and then make Sourcetree to ignore the file.

1. Change something in the file so that it is shown to you or select it from the "file status" tab at the bottom of the open repository.
2. Right click on the file and you see "Ignore...", but it is grayed out because as said above its already in track.
3. Right click on the file and chose "Stop Tracking"
4. The file will be shown with a red button which indicates it will be removed (from tracking)
5. A new entry of the same file will be shown in "file status" with a blue question mark indicates a new file (new because you said remove from tracking in 4)
6. Right click on the file from 5 and now you see the "Ignore..." is able to choose. Click on it and Sourcetree will put a new entry for the file in the .gitignore file
7. You can see the .gitignore file if you click on "Setting" on the top right, choose "advanced" and then the first entry is about the ignore file, click on "edit" and it will be open.

回答3:

I had a problem with bin folder being tracked (entire folder).

So here are the quick steps (more visual, as I'm more of a visual type of person):

1. Just for security purposes, I zipped entire bin folder
2. Move it to desktop
3. Move (current) .gitignore to the desktop as well
4. Delete entire BIN folder
5. Commit changes (via favourite git commit tool)
6. Commit, push, done!
7. Go back to the basic project's folder
8. Move back the .gitignore file
9. Optional - move back (unzip) the bin folder as well.
10. As a result, you will see that the git tool is no longer tracking changes from the bin folder.

I hope this helps someone.

回答4:

If the files have already been added or committed to your Git repository, you must first stop tracking them before they will be ignored by .gitIgnore.

To stop tracking files in SourceTree:

Right-click on files. Choose "Stop Tracking".
(this won't delete your files, it just stops tracking them)

To stop tracking files from Command-line:

git rm --cached example.txt

回答5:

In addition to the answers already provided above, also note that the .gitignore file will not work if it is not in the root folder.

I had a project where .gitignore was here /projectname/.gitignore and therefore was not being read. So I moved it to /.gitignore and all was well again.

回答6:

This worked for me:

git update-index --assume-unchanged some.file

回答7:

I found that by deleting the repository, then having the .gitignore file in the folder when the repository is recreated the ignore file is respected.

回答8:

Struggled with this for a few hours, tried a number of things including the suggestions here - to no avail... what finally worked for me was to create the .gitignore file when setting up the repo within bitbucket.org, pulled that file to my local, pasted the exact same contents of the file I was trying to create on my own, and it is finally all working now.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21616463/gitignore-file-in-sourcetree-not-working