Can 'use strict' warn instead of error

问题

When using use strict perl will generate a runtime error on unsafe constructs. Now I am wondering if it is possible to have it only print a warning instead of causing a runtime error ? Or is use warnings (or -w) warning about the same issues ?

回答1:

I'm gonna take a stab at guessing the real motivation here. Feel free to tell me if I guessed wrong.

I suspect your trying to tackle a large, older code base and would like to enable strictures but you were hoping first to get a sense of where the errors will be (and how many there are) without breaking functionality. Unfortunately, since use strict functions by modifying the internal behavior of the perl parser and interpreter, there isn't a 'loose strict' or, by analogy to html, any kind of 'transitional' mode.

However, you can tease apart the functionality of use strict to start moving in the right direction. First, note that there are actually three separate parts:

use strict 'refs'; # no symbolic references
use strict 'vars'; # must declare variables
use strict 'subs'; # no barewords

and of those only 'refs' generates runtime errors. So you could easily add use strict qw(vars subs) to each of your files (scripts and modules) and test them with perl -c. If you encounter any error messages, then comment out the use strict, or at least whichever of the two checks failed, and add a comment as to the nature of the failure and move on. This way you can quickly (depending on the number of files) determine which files have compile-time errors and come back to address them later. (If you were more motivated than me at the moment, you could even automate this process). Unless you have code that does scary things inside of BEGIN blocks, this should be pretty safe to do.

The trickier part is checking for the runtime errors generated by use strict 'refs' and unfortunately, there really isn't an easy way to do this because the errors are triggered by symbolic references which can't be determined by any kind of static analysis so -c and/or Perl::Critic are both useless.

Hopefully that gets closer to addressing your real problem.

回答2:

No, use strict can't be made to issue warnings rather than die. All it does is set a few bits in the magic $^H variable, which triggers various things in the guts of the Perl interpreter.

No, use warnings isn't warning about the same things as use strict kills you for. For instance, use warnings will warn you about variables used only once (which might be the result of typos).

回答3:

The warnings and strict pragmas are complementary, not overlapping. The strict pragma has both compile-time and run-time effects. You can't reduce the severity of strictures from errors to warnings, but you can disable them entirely. For example, if you're writing your own export routine you'll need to enable symbolic references in order to manipulate the symbol table.

{
    no strict 'refs';
    # symrefs okay within this block
}

Warnings can also be disabled lexically (assuming you did use warnings instead of the largely obsolete -w flag).

Strictures and warnings provide a safety net. That's why they're recommended to be used by default. If you disable them you should disable only what's necessary and limit the change to the smallest possible scope.

回答4:

The preferred method:

use Carp;

sub foo {
  croak "no args" unless @_;
}

eval foo();
if( $@ ){
  print "caught die: $@";
}

If you can't change your die's to croak's:

sub foo {
  die "no args" unless @_;
}

{
  my $prev_die = $SIG{__DIE__};
  $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { print "caught die: $_[0]"; };
  eval foo();
  $SIG{__DIE__} = $prev_die;
}

The second method will print out the errors on STDERR.

See:

perldoc -f eval

perldoc perlvar and search for /\$\@/ and /__DIE__/

perldoc Carp

回答5:

Warnings can be made fatal — see perllexwarn — but strict errors can't be made non-fatal.

Why do you want to do that? I suspect an XY problem.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5431251/can-use-strict-warn-instead-of-error

标签

perl

error-handling

strict