Ignore everything except one directory in .gitignore

问题

I have the following directory structure:

/app
/src
    /MyProject
        /FirstProject
            /Controller
                /file-1-1.php
                /file-1-2.php
                /file-1-3.php
            /Resources
                /view-1.html.twig
                /view-2.html.twig
        /SecondProject
            /Controller
                /file-2-1.php
                /file-2-2.php
                /file-2-3.php
            /Resources
                /view-3.html.twig
                /view-4.html.twig
/vendor
/web

I would like to ignore all files in my repository except files in /src/MyProject/SecondProject/Resources. I have tried many ways but without success. GitHub application does not detect a directories that I want. Usually this application does not detect any file or detects all, so I am confused.

I tried:

# IGNORE:
app/
src/
vendor/
web/

# ALLOW:
  # my first attempt:
!src/MyProject/SecondProject/Resources/*
  # second attempt:
!src/MyProject/SecondProject/Resources/**/
  # third attempt:
!src/MyProject/SecondProject/Resources/**/*

I haven't found a solution in an other questions!

回答1:

This .gitignore will actually work:

/app
/vendor
/web
/src/**/**
!src/**/
!/src/MyProject/SecondProject/Resources/**

mipadi's answer refers to a mechanism introduced in git 2.7.0 and... reversed in 2.7.1!

The only rule left is:

It is not possible to re-include a file if a parent directory of that file is excluded.

Hence the need for white-listing src sub-folders, before white-listing Resources content.

I tested the above with:

> git --version
git version 2.7.1.windows.1

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35329390/ignore-everything-except-one-directory-in-gitignore