How to modify dbf files in Python

问题

Suppose I have different number of dbf files in some folders under the root directory, d:\myfolder. The content of a dbf file looks like the following:

Field1 
11110481123
12150480021
...

I want to add a field (say, Field1) that contains only the last 4 digits of the values in Field2.

Field1          Field2
11110481123     1123
12150480021     0021
...             ...

Then, I want to delete Field1.

How can I do the job for all the dbf files that are scattered across different folders in Python?

回答1:

You would need the module called dbf available via pypi (pip install dbf). Here's a snippet of how you can add and delete fields from a table:

import dbf

table = dbf.Table('t1', 'field1 N(12, 0)')
for record in ((11110481123,), (12150480021,)):
    table.append(record)
table.close()

# extend the existing table
dbf.add_fields('t1', 'field2 N(4, 0)')

table = dbf.Table('t1')
records = table.sql('select *')
for record in records:
    record.field2 = int(str(record.field1)[-4:])
table.close()

dbf.delete_fields('t1', 'field1')

Though it would be less computational intensive to just go over the first field and alter it to store the last 4 digits of its value.

回答2:

Using the above-mentioned dbf library (plus my other library, antipathy), these are (roughly) the steps you would take:

# untested

import dbf
from antipathy import Path

for path, dirs, files in Path.walk('.'):
    files = [f for f in files if f.ext == '.dbf']
    for db in files:
        if I_want_to_change_this_table(db):
            with dbf.Table(db) as db:
                db.add_fields('Field2 C(4)')
                for record in db:
                    dbf.write(Field2=record.Field1[-4:])
                db.delete_fields('Field1')
                db.pack()

The I_want_to_change_this_table() is a function you provide if you don't want to change every table, just some of them. If you want to change them all you can remove that line.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10462771/how-to-modify-dbf-files-in-python

标签

python

dbf