How to BULK INSERT a file into a *temporary* table where the filename is a variable?

问题

I have some code like this that I use to do a BULK INSERT of a data file into a table, where the data file and table name are variables:

DECLARE @sql AS NVARCHAR(1000)
SET @sql = 'BULK INSERT ' + @tableName + ' FROM ''' + @filename + ''' WITH (CODEPAGE=''ACP'', FIELDTERMINATOR=''|'')'

EXEC (@sql)

The works fine for standard tables, but now I need to do the same sort of thing to load data into a temporary table (for example, #MyTable). But when I try this, I get the error:

Invalid Object Name: #MyTable

I think the problem is due to the fact that the BULK INSERT statement is constructed on the fly and then executed using EXEC, and that #MyTable is not accessible in the context of the EXEC call.

The reason that I need to construct the BULK INSERT statement like this is that I need to insert the filename into the statement, and this seems to be the only way to do that. So, it seems that I can either have a variable filename, or use a temporary table, but not both.

Is there another way of achieving this - perhaps by using OPENROWSET(BULK...)?

UPDATE: OK, so what I'm hearing is that BULK INSERT & temporary tables are not going to work for me. Thanks for the suggestions, but moving more of my code into the dynamic SQL part is not practical in my case.

Having tried OPENROWSET(BULK...), it seems that that suffers from the same problem, i.e. it cannot deal with a variable filename, and I'd need to construct the SQL statement dynamically as before (and thus not be able to access the temp table).

So, that leaves me with only one option which is to use a non-temp table and achieve process isolation in a different way (by ensuring that only one process can be using the tables at any one time - I can think of several ways to do that).

It's annoying. It would have been much more convenient to do it the way I originally intended. Just one of those things that should be trivial, but ends up eating a whole day of your time...

回答1:

It is possible to do everything you want. Aaron's answer was not quite complete.

His approach is correct, up to creating the temporary table in the inner query. Then, you need to insert the results into a table in the outer query.

The following code snippet grabs the first line of a file and inserts it into the table @Lines:

declare @fieldsep char(1) = ',';
declare @recordsep char(1) = char(10);

declare @Lines table (
    line varchar(8000)
);

declare @sql varchar(8000) = ' 
    create table #tmp (
        line varchar(8000)
    );

    bulk insert #tmp
        from '''+@filename+'''
        with (FirstRow = 1, FieldTerminator = '''+@fieldsep+''', RowTerminator = '''+@recordsep+''');

    select * from #tmp';

insert into @Lines
    exec(@sql);

select * from @lines

回答2:

You could always construct the #temp table in dynamic SQL. For example, right now I guess you have been trying:

CREATE TABLE #tmp(a INT, b INT, c INT);

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(1000);

SET @sql = N'BULK INSERT #tmp ...' + @variables;

EXEC master.sys.sp_executesql @sql;

SELECT * FROM #tmp;

This makes it tougher to maintain (readability) but gets by the scoping issue:

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @sql = N'CREATE TABLE #tmp(a INT, b INT, c INT);

BULK INSERT #tmp ...' + @variables + ';

SELECT * FROM #tmp;';

EXEC master.sys.sp_executesql @sql;

EDIT 2011-01-12

In light of how my almost 2-year old answer was suddenly deemed incomplete and unacceptable, by someone whose answer was also incomplete, how about:

CREATE TABLE #outer(a INT, b INT, c INT);

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX);

SET @sql = N'SET NOCOUNT ON; 

CREATE TABLE #inner(a INT, b INT, c INT);

BULK INSERT #inner ...' + @variables + ';

SELECT * FROM #inner;';

INSERT #outer EXEC master.sys.sp_executesql @sql;

回答3:

Sorry to dig up an old question but in case someone stumbles onto this thread and wants a quicker solution.

Bulk inserting a unknown width file with \n row terminators into a temp table that is created outside of the EXEC statement.

DECLARE     @SQL VARCHAR(8000)

IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB..#BulkInsert') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #BulkInsert
END

CREATE TABLE #BulkInsert
(
    Line    VARCHAR(MAX)
)

SET @SQL = 'BULK INSERT #BulkInser FROM ''##FILEPATH##'' WITH (ROWTERMINATOR = ''\n'')'
EXEC (@SQL)

SELECT * FROM #BulkInsert

Further support that dynamic SQL within an EXEC statement has access to temp tables outside of the EXEC statement. http://sqlfiddle.com/#!3/d41d8/19343

DECLARE     @SQL VARCHAR(8000)

IF OBJECT_ID('TempDB..#BulkInsert') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE #BulkInsert
END

CREATE TABLE #BulkInsert
(
    Line    VARCHAR(MAX)
)
INSERT INTO #BulkInsert
(
    Line
)
SELECT 1
UNION SELECT 2
UNION SELECT 3

SET @SQL = 'SELECT * FROM #BulkInsert'
EXEC (@SQL)

Further support, written for MSSQL2000 http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa175921(v=sql.80).aspx

Example at the bottom of the link

DECLARE @cmd VARCHAR(1000), @ExecError INT
CREATE TABLE #ErrFile (ExecError INT)
SET @cmd = 'EXEC GetTableCount ' + 
'''pubs.dbo.authors''' + 
'INSERT #ErrFile VALUES(@@ERROR)'
EXEC(@cmd)
SET @ExecError = (SELECT * FROM #ErrFile)
SELECT @ExecError AS '@@ERROR'

回答4:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms191503.aspx

i would advice to create table with unique name before bulk inserting.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2381528/how-to-bulk-insert-a-file-into-a-temporary-table-where-the-filename-is-a-varia

标签

sql

sql-server

tsql

bulkinsert