问题
I have a binary for which ldd shows an unexpected dependency und libicuuc (from "icu").
#ldd A
[...]
libxml2.so.2 => /usr/lib64/libxml2.so.2 (0x00007faaf9722000)
libicuuc.so.49 => /usr/lib64/libicuuc.so.49 (0x00007faaf5689000)
Since on this system libxml depends dynamically on libicuuc, it makes sense that ldd enventually ends up finding it, but is it expected that libicuuc also appears in the ldd output for A? Is there some command to retrieve only the libraries that are linked in as dependencies of dependencies?
回答1:
ldd shows all libraries that it would need to load when starting the application or loading a shared library.
readelf -d shows only direct dependencies of the binary.
$ readelf -d /opt/google/chrome/chrome | grep NEEDED
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libX11.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXrandr.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXrender.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXss.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXext.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [librt.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libdl.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgobject-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgthread-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libglib-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libatk-1.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpangocairo-1.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libcairo.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpango-1.0.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libfreetype.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libfontconfig.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libnss3.so]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libnssutil3.so]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libsmime3.so]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libplc4.so]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libnspr4.so]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgconf-2.so.4]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libdbus-1.so.3]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXcomposite.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libasound.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libXfixes.so.3]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libcups.so.2]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgcrypt.so.11]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libbz2.so.1.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libexpat.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libudev.so.0]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libstdc++.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libm.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libgcc_s.so.1]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [libc.so.6]
0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED) Shared library: [ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]
$ ldd /opt/google/chrome/chrome
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff9d3ff000)
libX11.so.6 => /lib64/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f93186dc000)
libXrandr.so.2 => /lib64/libXrandr.so.2 (0x00007f93184d3000)
libXrender.so.1 => /lib64/libXrender.so.1 (0x00007f93182c9000)
libXss.so.1 => /lib64/libXss.so.1 (0x00007f93180c5000)
libXext.so.6 => /lib64/libXext.so.6 (0x00007f9317eb2000)
librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007f9317caa000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f9317aa6000)
libgobject-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgobject-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f9317858000)
libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f9317656000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f9317336000)
libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgtk-x11-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f9316cbf000)
libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f9316a00000)
libatk-1.0.so.0 => /lib64/libatk-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f93167de000)
libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f93165bb000)
libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 => /lib64/libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f93163ae000)
libcairo.so.2 => /lib64/libcairo.so.2 (0x00007f9316103000)
libpango-1.0.so.0 => /lib64/libpango-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f9315eb7000)
libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib64/freetype-freeworld/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007f9315c15000)
libfontconfig.so.1 => /lib64/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x00007f93159e0000)
libnss3.so => /lib64/libnss3.so (0x00007f93156a4000)
libnssutil3.so => /lib64/libnssutil3.so (0x00007f9315479000)
libsmime3.so => /lib64/libsmime3.so (0x00007f931524c000)
libplc4.so => /lib64/libplc4.so (0x00007f9315046000)
libnspr4.so => /lib64/libnspr4.so (0x00007f9314e09000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f9314bed000)
libgconf-2.so.4 => /lib64/libgconf-2.so.4 (0x00007f93149bc000)
libdbus-1.so.3 => /lib64/libdbus-1.so.3 (0x00007f9314778000)
libXcomposite.so.1 => /lib64/libXcomposite.so.1 (0x00007f9314575000)
libasound.so.2 => /lib64/libasound.so.2 (0x00007f9314294000)
libXfixes.so.3 => /lib64/libXfixes.so.3 (0x00007f931408e000)
libcups.so.2 => /lib64/libcups.so.2 (0x00007f9313e33000)
libgcrypt.so.11 => /lib64/libgcrypt.so.11 (0x00007f9313bba000)
libbz2.so.1.0 => not found
libexpat.so.1 => /lib64/libexpat.so.1 (0x00007f9313991000)
libudev.so.0 => /lib64/libudev.so.0 (0x00007f9313782000)
libstdc++.so.6 => /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f931347f000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f9313184000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib64/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f9312f6e000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f9312bb7000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003c7a000000)
libxcb.so.1 => /lib64/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f9312999000)
libffi.so.5 => /lib64/libffi.so.5 (0x00007f9312790000)
libgmodule-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgmodule-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f931258c000)
libgio-2.0.so.0 => /lib64/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f931223f000)
libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 => /lib64/libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 (0x00007f9312012000)
libXinerama.so.1 => /lib64/libXinerama.so.1 (0x00007f9311e0f000)
libXi.so.6 => /lib64/libXi.so.6 (0x00007f9311c00000)
libXcursor.so.1 => /lib64/libXcursor.so.1 (0x00007f93119f4000)
libXdamage.so.1 => /lib64/libXdamage.so.1 (0x00007f93117f1000)
libpng15.so.15 => /lib64/libpng15.so.15 (0x00007f93115c7000)
libpixman-1.so.0 => /lib64/libpixman-1.so.0 (0x00007f9311340000)
libz.so.1 => /lib64/libz.so.1 (0x00007f9311129000)
libplds4.so => /lib64/libplds4.so (0x00007f9310f24000)
libdbus-glib-1.so.2 => /lib64/libdbus-glib-1.so.2 (0x00007f9310cfd000)
libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /lib64/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0x00007f9310ab8000)
libkrb5.so.3 => /lib64/libkrb5.so.3 (0x00007f93107d3000)
libk5crypto.so.3 => /lib64/libk5crypto.so.3 (0x00007f93105a8000)
libcom_err.so.2 => /lib64/libcom_err.so.2 (0x00007f93103a3000)
libgnutls.so.26 => /lib64/libgnutls.so.26 (0x00007f93100eb000)
libgpg-error.so.0 => /lib64/libgpg-error.so.0 (0x00007f930fee7000)
libavahi-common.so.3 => /lib64/libavahi-common.so.3 (0x00007f930fcd9000)
libavahi-client.so.3 => /lib64/libavahi-client.so.3 (0x00007f930fac8000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib64/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007f930f891000)
libXau.so.6 => /lib64/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f930f68c000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x00007f930f46b000)
libresolv.so.2 => /lib64/libresolv.so.2 (0x00007f930f251000)
libkrb5support.so.0 => /lib64/libkrb5support.so.0 (0x00007f930f046000)
libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib64/libkeyutils.so.1 (0x00007f930ee42000)
libtasn1.so.3 => /lib64/libtasn1.so.3 (0x00007f930ec31000)
libp11-kit.so.0 => /lib64/libp11-kit.so.0 (0x00007f930ea1e000)
libfreebl3.so => /lib64/libfreebl3.so (0x00007f930e7b3000)
Is there some command to retrieve only the libraries that are linked in as dependencies of dependencies?
You can do set difference of ldd and readelf -d outputs.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15064685/does-ldd-also-show-dependencies-of-dependencies