问题
While answering a question that made use of some functions (sscanf_s and sprintf_s) that I thought were not standard C, Daniel Fischer brought to my attention that the functions in question were defined in Annex K.
I understand generally that normative means it helps define the standard. But, an annex to the C Standard has traditionally been treated as informative only. Annex K is labeled as normative in the C11 Standard. It defines "safe" functions.
Does this mean a compiler that doesn't provided these functions does not conform to the C11 Standard?
I only have the draft C11 Standard available to me, but it states that Annex K is normative, but the library section of the standard makes no mention of the functions discussed in Annex K. A note in the definition of runtime-constraint seems to imply Annex K defines an extension.
Does a normative Annex only define an optional extension?
回答1:
Annex K is optional; it says so itself.
See K.2 paragraph 2:
An implementation that defines
__STDC_LIB_EXT1__shall conform to the specifications in this annex.
with a footnote:
Implementations that do not define
__STDC_LIB_EXT1__are not required to conform to these specifications.
And paragraph 3 says:
Subclause K.3 should be read as if it were merged into the parallel structure of named subclauses of clause 7.
which is why it's not necessary to mention it in the library section, clause 7 (or at least the authors of the standard didn't feel it was necessary).
An implementation that defines __STDC_LIB_EXT1__ must define it as 201112L; both N1570 and the released C11 standard got this wrong, but it was fixed in a Technical Corrigendum.
回答2:
It's "normative" in the sense that an implementation claiming to support Annex K must meet the requirements therein. It's not mandatory.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/16700541/is-support-of-annex-k-in-c11-required-for-a-conforming-implementation