Rails ActiveSupport Time Parsing?

问题

Rails' ActiveSupport module extends the builtin ruby Time class with a number of methods.

Notably, there is the to_formatted_s method, which lets you write Time.now.to_formatted_s(:db) to get a string in Database format, rather than having to write ugly strftime format-strings everywhere.

My question is, is there a way to go backwards?

Something like Time.parse_formatted_s(:db) which would parse a string in Database format, returning a new Time object. This seems like something that rails should be providing, but if it is, I can't find it.

Am I just not able to find it, or do I need to write it myself?

Thanks

回答1:

It looks like ActiveSupport does provide the parsing methods you are looking for (and I was looking for too), after all! — at least if the string you are trying to parse is a standard, ISO-8601-formatted (:db format) date.

If the date you're trying to parse is already in your local time zone, it's really easy!

 > Time.zone.parse('2009-09-24 08:28:43')
=> Thu, 24 Sep 2009 08:28:43 PDT -07:00

 > Time.zone.parse('2009-09-24 08:28:43').class
=> ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone

and that time-zone-aware time can then easily be converted to UTC

 > Time.zone.parse('2009-09-24 08:28:43').utc
=> 2009-09-24 15:28:43 UTC

or to other time zones:

 > ActiveSupport::TimeZone.us_zones.map(&:name)
=> ["Hawaii", "Alaska", "Pacific Time (US & Canada)", "Arizona", "Mountain Time (US & Canada)", "Central Time (US & Canada)", "Eastern Time (US & Canada)", "Indiana (East)"]

 > Time.zone.parse('2009-09-24 08:28:43').utc.in_time_zone('Eastern Time (US & Canada)')
=> Thu, 24 Sep 2009 11:28:43 EDT -04:00

If the date string you're trying to parse is in UTC, on the other hand, it doesn't look like there's any method to parse it directly into a TimeWithZone, but I was able to work around that be first using DateTime.strptime...

If the date you're trying to parse is in UTC and you want it to stay as UTC, you can use:

 > DateTime.strptime('2009-09-24 08:28:43', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').to_time
=> 2009-09-24 08:28:43 UTC

If the date you're trying to parse is in UTC and you want it converted to your default time zone, you can use:

 > DateTime.strptime('2009-09-24 08:28:43', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S').to_time.in_time_zone
=> Thu, 24 Sep 2009 01:28:43 PDT -07:00

It looks like it can even parse other formats, such as the strange format that Time#to_s produces:

irb -> Time.zone.parse('Wed, 23 Sep 2009 02:18:08').to_s(:db)
    => "2009-09-23 09:18:08"

irb -> Time.zone.parse('Wed, 23 Sep 2009 02:18:08 EDT').to_s(:db)
    => "2009-09-23 06:18:08"

I'm quite impressed.

Here are some more examples from [http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/TimeWithZone.html][1]:

  Time.zone = 'Eastern Time (US & Canada)'        # => 'Eastern Time (US & Canada)'
  Time.zone.local(2007, 2, 10, 15, 30, 45)        # => Sat, 10 Feb 2007 15:30:45 EST -05:00
  Time.zone.parse('2007-02-10 15:30:45')          # => Sat, 10 Feb 2007 15:30:45 EST -05:00
  Time.zone.at(1170361845)                        # => Sat, 10 Feb 2007 15:30:45 EST -05:00
  Time.zone.now                                   # => Sun, 18 May 2008 13:07:55 EDT -04:00
  Time.utc(2007, 2, 10, 20, 30, 45).in_time_zone  # => Sat, 10 Feb 2007 15:30:45 EST -05:00

回答2:

ActiveSupport::TimeZone.new('UTC').parse('2009-09-23 09:18:08')
=> Wed, 23 Sep 2009 09:18:08 UTC +00:00

回答3:

Rails 5 finally provides strptime!

value = '1999-12-31 14:00:00'
format = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
Time.zone.strptime(value, format)
# => Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:00:00 HST -10:00

ActiveSupport::TimeZone.all.sample.strptime(value, format)
# => Fri, 31 Dec 1999 14:00:00 GST +04:00

回答4:

I just ran into this as well and none of the above answers were satisfactory to me. Ideally one could use ActiveSupport::TimeZone just like Time and call .strptime on it with any arbitrary format and get back the correct TimeZone object. ActiveSupport::TimeZone.strptime doesn't exist so I created this monkeypatch:

 class ActiveSupport::TimeZone
    def strptime(str, fmt, now = self.now)
      date_parts = Date._strptime(str, fmt)
      return if date_parts.blank?
      time = Time.strptime(str, fmt, now) rescue DateTime.strptime(str, fmt, now)
      if date_parts[:offset].nil?
        ActiveSupport::TimeWithZone.new(nil, self, time)
      else
        time.in_time_zone(self)
      end
    end
  end

回答5:

>> "2009-09-24".to_date
=> Thu, 24 Sep 2009
>> "9/24/2009".to_date
=> Thu, 24 Sep 2009

Works great unless your date is in some weird format.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/354657/rails-activesupport-time-parsing

标签

ruby-on-rails

ruby

parsing

time

activesupport