问题
I've used frames in Delphi for years, and they are one of the most powerful features of the VCL, but standard use of them seems to have some risk such as:
It's easy to accidentally move or edit the frame sub-components on a frame's host form without realising that you are 'tweaking' with the frame - I know this does not affect the original frame code, but it's generally not what you would want.
When working with the frame you are still exposed to its sub-components for visual editing, even when that frame is years old and should not be touched.
So I got to thinking....
Is there a way of 'grouping' components such that their positions are 'locked'? This would be useful for finished forms as well as frames. Often other developers return code to me where only the form bounds have changed and even they did not intend any change.
Is there any way of turning a frame and its components into a single Delphi component? If so, the frame internals would be completely hidden and its useability would increase further.
I'm interested in any thoughts...
Brian.
回答1:
Registering your frames as a component solves both 1. and 2.:
- the components on the frame are locked when you put that frame control on a form or other frame
- you will get a component (actually: control) that you can design visually
But: there are a few catches (which can be solved, see article link), of which the most important is this one:
When you put components on your frame, and later drop that frame as a component on a Delphi form or frame, the components are visible in the Structure Pane.
The problem is that because they are visible in the structure pane, you can delete them, causing access violations.
The trick to solve this to not forget the 'sprig'.
I learned that valuable lesson from Ray Konopka during DelphiLive 2009.
Since the lesson is so valuable, I wrote a blog post on it that describes it in detail.
The essential portion is this little piece of code (more details in the blog post):
procedure RegisterFramesAsComponents(const Page: string; const FrameClasses: array of TFrameClass);
var
FrameClass: TFrameClass;
begin
for FrameClass in FrameClasses do
begin
RegisterComponents(Page, [FrameClass]);
RegisterSprigType(FrameClass, TComponentSprig);
end;
end;
Hope this helps.
--jeroen
回答2:
Yes, just register them as components. :-)
Design your frame normally and after this register it. Also be sure to not have unwanted dependencies on different units since these are linked when your 'component' is used. Also you can add published
properties in order to use them in the Object Inspector later. See for example the following code generated by the IDE (see also my comments):
unit myUnit;
uses
...
type
TmyComp = class(TFrame) //set your frame name to be the name your component
ToolBar1: TToolBar; //different components added in the form designer
aliMain: TActionList;
...
published //this section is added by hand
property DataSource: TDataSource read FDataSource write SetDataSource; //some published properties added just for exemplification
property DefFields: string read FDefFields write SetDefFields;
...
end;
procedure Register; //added by hand
implementation
{$R *.DFM}
procedure Register;
begin
RegisterComponents('MyFrames', [TmyComp]); //register the frame in the desired component category
end;
Compile the above in a package of your choice, install it and check you component palette. :-)
HTH
回答3:
Just for increasing contribution, note that if you go to Structure
window and right-click on the TFrame name that you chose, and click on the Add to Palete
menu option.
This will make a component out of your Frame and you don't need to create any Register
procedure. ;-)
回答4:
I'm almost always creating frame instances in code. This is easy and worked well for me so far.
回答5:
I also ran into that problem when trying to use frames as components. There are various possibilities to fix the obvious issues, but they all undermine the principle of information hiding (all the frame's subcomponents are exposed as published properties, which means everyone can access them).
I solved it by implementing a generic "frame control" component:
unit RttiBrow.Cbde.FrameControl;
interface
uses
Classes, Controls, Forms, Messages, ExtCtrls;
type
TFrameClass = class of TFrame;
TComponentFrame = class (TFrame)
private
function GetClientHeight: Integer;
function GetClientWidth: Integer;
procedure SetClientHeight(const Value: Integer);
procedure SetClientWidth(const Value: Integer);
function GetOldCreateOrder: Boolean;
procedure SetOldCreateOrder(const Value: Boolean);
function GetPixelsPerInch: Integer;
procedure SetPixelsPerInch(const Value: Integer);
function GetTextHeight: Integer;
procedure SetTextHeight(const Value: Integer);
published
{ workarounds for IDE bug }
property ClientWidth: Integer read GetClientWidth write SetClientWidth stored False;
property ClientHeight: Integer read GetClientHeight write SetClientHeight stored False;
property OldCreateOrder: Boolean read GetOldCreateOrder write SetOldCreateOrder stored False;
property PixelsPerInch: Integer read GetPixelsPerInch write SetPixelsPerInch stored False;
property TextHeight: Integer read GetTextHeight write SetTextHeight stored False;
end;
TComponentFrame<TFrameControl: class { TControl }> = class (TComponentFrame)
private
function GetController: TFrameControl; inline;
protected
property Controller: TFrameControl read GetController;
public
constructor Create (AOwner: TComponent); override;
end;
TFrameControl<T: TFrame> = class (TWinControl)
private
FFrame: T;
function PlainFrame: TFrame;
protected
procedure CreateParams (var Params: TCreateParams); override;
property Frame: T read FFrame;
public
constructor Create (AOwner: TComponent); override;
property DockManager;
published
property Align;
property Anchors;
property BiDiMode;
property Color;
property Constraints;
property Ctl3D;
property UseDockManager default True;
property DockSite;
property DoubleBuffered;
property DragCursor;
property DragKind;
property DragMode;
property Enabled;
property Font;
property ParentBiDiMode;
property ParentBackground;
property ParentColor;
property ParentCtl3D;
property ParentDoubleBuffered;
property ParentFont;
property ParentShowHint;
property ShowHint;
property TabOrder;
property TabStop;
property Touch;
property Visible;
property OnAlignInsertBefore;
property OnAlignPosition;
property OnCanResize;
property OnConstrainedResize;
property OnDockDrop;
property OnDockOver;
property OnDragDrop;
property OnDragOver;
property OnEndDock;
property OnEndDrag;
property OnEnter;
property OnExit;
property OnGesture;
property OnGetSiteInfo;
property OnMouseActivate;
property OnMouseDown;
property OnMouseEnter;
property OnMouseLeave;
property OnMouseMove;
property OnMouseUp;
property OnResize;
property OnStartDock;
property OnStartDrag;
property OnUnDock;
end;
implementation
uses
Windows;
{ TFrameControl<T> }
constructor TFrameControl<T>.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
inherited;
FFrame := T (TFrameClass (T).Create (Self));
PlainFrame.Parent := Self;
PlainFrame.Align := alClient;
end;
procedure TFrameControl<T>.CreateParams(var Params: TCreateParams);
begin
inherited;
Params.Style := Params.Style or WS_CLIPCHILDREN;
Params.ExStyle := Params.ExStyle or WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT;
end;
function TFrameControl<T>.PlainFrame: TFrame;
begin
Result := FFrame; // buggy compiler workaround
end;
{ TComponentFrame }
function TComponentFrame.GetOldCreateOrder: Boolean;
begin
Result := False;
end;
function TComponentFrame.GetPixelsPerInch: Integer;
begin
Result := 0;
end;
function TComponentFrame.GetTextHeight: Integer;
begin
Result := 0;
end;
procedure TComponentFrame.SetClientHeight(const Value: Integer);
begin
Height := Value;
end;
procedure TComponentFrame.SetClientWidth(const Value: Integer);
begin
Width := Value;
end;
procedure TComponentFrame.SetOldCreateOrder(const Value: Boolean);
begin
end;
procedure TComponentFrame.SetPixelsPerInch(const Value: Integer);
begin
end;
procedure TComponentFrame.SetTextHeight(const Value: Integer);
begin
end;
function TComponentFrame.GetClientHeight: Integer;
begin
Result := Height;
end;
function TComponentFrame.GetClientWidth: Integer;
begin
Result := Width;
end;
{ TComponentFrame<TFrameControl> }
constructor TComponentFrame<TFrameControl>.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
inherited;
Assert (AOwner <> nil);
Assert (AOwner.InheritsFrom (TFrameControl));
end;
function TComponentFrame<TFrameControl>.GetController: TFrameControl;
begin
Result := TFrameControl (Owner);
end;
end.
With this class, adding a frame as a component becomes a two-stage process:
// frame unit
type
TFilteredList = class;
TFrmFilteredList = class (TComponentFrame<TFilteredList>)
// lots of published sub-components and event methods like this one:
procedure BtnFooClick(Sender: TObject);
end;
TFilteredList = class (TFrameControl<TFrmFilteredList>)
private
procedure Foo;
public
// the component's public interface
published
// the component's published properties
end;
procedure Register;
...
procedure Register;
begin
RegisterComponents ('CBDE Components', [TFilteredList]);
end;
procedure TFrmFilteredList.BtnFooClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
Controller.Foo;
end;
procedure TFilteredList.Foo;
begin
end;
...
When using this approach, the user of your component won't see your sub-components.
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2735521/how-to-improve-the-use-of-delphi-frames