How do I get the friendly name of a COM port in Windows?

问题

I have a GSM modem connected via USB. The modem creates 2 serial ports. The first is automatically attached to the modem, the second shows in Device Manager as "HUAWEI Mobile Connect - 3G PC UI Interface (COM6)"

The second port is used to get vital information from the modem, such as signal quality; to send and receive text messages; and a whole host of other functions.

I am writing an application that will wrap up some of the features provided by the second port. What I need is a sure fire method of identifying which COM port is the spare one. Iterating the ports and checking a response to "ATE0" is not sufficient. The modem's port is usually the lower numbered one, and when a dial up connection is not active, it will respond to "ATE0" the same as the second port.

What I was thinking of doing is iterating the ports and checking their friendly name, as it shows in Device Manager. That way I can link the port in my application to the port labelled "HUAWEI Mobile Connect - 3G PC UI Interface (COM6)" in Device Manager. I've just not found any information yet that will allow me to get that name programmatically.

回答1:

A long time ago I wrote a utility for a client to do just this, but for a GPS rather than a modem.

I have just looked at it, and bits that jump-out as being possibly helpful are:

    GUID guid = GUID_DEVCLASS_PORTS;

SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA interfaceData;
ZeroMemory(&interfaceData, sizeof(interfaceData));
interfaceData.cbSize = sizeof(interfaceData);

SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData;
ZeroMemory(&devInfoData, sizeof(devInfoData));
devInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(devInfoData);

if(SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(
    hDeviceInfo,            // Our device tree
    nDevice,            // The member to look for
    &devInfoData
    ))
{
    DWORD regDataType;

    BYTE hardwareId[300];
    if(SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID, &regDataType, hardwareId, sizeof(hardwareId), NULL))
    {
...

(You call this bit in a loop with incrementing nDevice)

and then

BYTE friendlyName[300];
        if(SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, NULL, friendlyName, sizeof(friendlyName), NULL))
        {
            strFriendlyNames += (LPCTSTR)friendlyName;
            strFriendlyNames += '\n';
        }

which finds the name of the device.

Hopefully that will help you in the right direction.

回答2:

After you determine a Serial Port device is the one you want (by looking at its Friendly Name, by checking its parent device etc.), the proper way to get the port's name would probably be:

invoke SetupDiOpenDevRegKey(hDevInfo, devInfoData, DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL, 0, DIREG_DEV, KEY_READ) to get the HKEY to the so-called device key
query this registry key for the REG_SZ value "PortName"
don't forget to close the HKEY :)

However, this might require so much interop in C# it's not even funny, so I don't blame you if you keep to the string parsing solution.

回答3:

The information posted by Will Dean was most helpful. This is the code that eventually worked for me. Everything in the PInvoke class was taken verbatim from http://www.pinvoke.net . I did have to change a data type here or there to make it work (like when using an enum instead of a uint) but it should be easy to figure out.

internal static string GetComPortByDescription(string Description)
{
    string Result = string.Empty;
    Guid guid = PInvoke.GUID_DEVCLASS_PORTS;
    uint nDevice = 0;
    uint nBytes = 300;
    byte[] retval = new byte[nBytes];
    uint RequiredSize = 0;
    uint PropertyRegDataType = 0;

    PInvoke.SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData = new PInvoke.SP_DEVINFO_DATA();
    devInfoData.cbSize = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(PInvoke.SP_DEVINFO_DATA));

    IntPtr hDeviceInfo = PInvoke.SetupDiGetClassDevs(
        ref guid, 
        null, 
        IntPtr.Zero, 
        PInvoke.DIGCF.DIGCF_PRESENT);

    while (PInvoke.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDeviceInfo, nDevice++, ref devInfoData))
    {
        if (PInvoke.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(
                hDeviceInfo, 
                ref devInfoData, 
                PInvoke.SPDRP.SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME,
                out PropertyRegDataType, 
                retval, 
                nBytes, 
                out RequiredSize))
        {
            if (System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetString(retval).Substring(0, Description.Length).ToLower() ==
                Description.ToLower())
            {
                string tmpstring = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetString(retval);
                Result = tmpstring.Substring(tmpstring.IndexOf("COM"),tmpstring.IndexOf(')') - tmpstring.IndexOf("COM"));
            } // if retval == description
        } // if (PInvoke.SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( ... SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME ...
    } // while (PInvoke.SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDeviceInfo, nDevice++, ref devInfoData))

    PInvoke.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfo);
    return Result;
}

I think the line Result = tmpstring.Substring(tmpstring.IndexOf("COM"),tmpstring.IndexOf(')') - tmpstring.IndexOf("COM")); is a little clumsy, suggestions on how to clean it up would be appreciated.

Thanks for your help with this matter Will, without you, I'd still be searching google.

回答4:

The C++ version based on @Will Dean answer.

#include <windows.h>
#include <initguid.h>
#include <devguid.h>
#include <setupapi.h>

void enumerateSerialPortsFriendlyNames()
{
    SP_DEVINFO_DATA devInfoData = {};
    devInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(devInfoData);

    // get the tree containing the info for the ports
    HDEVINFO hDeviceInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(&GUID_DEVCLASS_PORTS,
                                               0,
                                               nullptr,
                                               DIGCF_PRESENT
                                               );
    if (hDeviceInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        return;
    }

    // iterate over all the devices in the tree
    int nDevice = 0;
    while (SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDeviceInfo,            // Our device tree
                                 nDevice++,            // The member to look for
                                 &devInfoData))
    {
        DWORD regDataType;
        DWORD reqSize = 0;

        // find the size required to hold the device info
        SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID, nullptr, nullptr, 0, &reqSize);
        BYTE* hardwareId = new BYTE[(reqSize > 1) ? reqSize : 1];
        // now store it in a buffer
        if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID, &regDataType, hardwareId, sizeof(hardwareId) * reqSize, nullptr))
        {
            // find the size required to hold the friendly name
            reqSize = 0;
            SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, nullptr, nullptr, 0, &reqSize);
            BYTE* friendlyName = new BYTE[(reqSize > 1) ? reqSize : 1];
            // now store it in a buffer
            if (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfo, &devInfoData, SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, nullptr, friendlyName, sizeof(friendlyName) * reqSize, nullptr))
            {
                // device does not have this property set
                memset(friendlyName, 0, reqSize > 1 ? reqSize : 1);
            }
            // use friendlyName here
            delete[] friendlyName;
        }
        delete[] hardwareId;
    }
}

回答5:

Glad it worked.

You could try:

Regex.Match(tmpstring, @"COM\s\d+").ToString()

for your string matching.

As .NET style points, I'd add a "using System.Text", and I wouldn't start local variable names with capitals, and if I was feeling really virtuous, I would probably put the SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList in a finally{} clause.

回答6:

Used the method posted by LiGenChen. The method ComPortSetupAPISetupDiClassGuids gave the best time and friendly name.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/304986/how-do-i-get-the-friendly-name-of-a-com-port-in-windows

标签

windows

serial-port

device-manager