How can you use a Chef recipe to set an environment variable?

问题

I need to set an environment variable using a Chef recipe. Can you provide an example of how to accomplish this?

回答1:

If you need an env var set strictly within the Chef process, you can use ENV['foo'] = 'bar' since it's a ruby process.

If you need to set one for an execute provider, Chef exposes an environment hash:

execute 'Bootstrap the database' do 
  cwd "#{app_dir}/current"
  command "#{env_cmd} rake db:drop db:create db:schema:load RAILS_ENV=#{rails_env}"
  environment 'HOME' => "/home/#{app_user}"
  user app_user
  action :run
  not_if %[psql -U postgres -c "\\l" | grep #{db_name}]
end

If you're looking to set a persistent environment variable then you may want to have Chef edit /etc/profile.d/chef.sh, /etc/environment, a users' profile, etc.

回答2:

If you want to set it on the system with Chef, checkout the magic_shell cookbook.

magic_shell_environment 'RAILS_ENV' do
  value 'production'
end

回答3:

If you want to set it at the system level in /etc/environment, you can do so directly per the following example without adding an additional recipe (this adds two env variables for Java):

sys_env_file = Chef::Util::FileEdit.new('/etc/environment')
{
  'JAVA_HOME' => '/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64',
  'LD_LIBRARY_PATH' => '/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64/lib'
}.each do |name, val|
  sys_env_file.insert_line_if_no_match /^#{name}\=/, "#{name}=\"#{val}\""
  sys_env_file.write_file
end

回答4:

The way to do this is different between Windows and Linux. The easiest way would be:

Windows

Use the windows_env resource to create a System environment variable:

windows_env 'CHEF_LICENSE' do
  value 'accept'
end

Linux

If you only need it for the cookbook run and its children, then use the Ruby ENV resource. This will NOT be permanent:

ENV['CHEF_LICENSE'] = 'accept'

If you need it to be permanent (and use bash):

Create a script in /etc/profile.d:

Create a template script (such as chef.sh.erb)
Fill out the template script:

#!/bin/bash export CHEF_LICENSE='accept' # Needed for Chef Infra Client 15
Put the template resource in your recipe (You may want to set attributes and owner/group settings, I wanted to keep this example simple)

template '/etc/profile.d/chef.sh' do source 'chef.sh.erb' end

Here are some additional resources to read up on the different resources referenced here:

template resource
windows_env resource

回答5:

For Linux, the best way to it is by using

ENV['Var'] = 'Value'

When you use this command, every sub process spun by the recipe will be using this ENV value. You can verify it using a bash resource and echoing the value of Var.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6284517/how-can-you-use-a-chef-recipe-to-set-an-environment-variable

标签

environment-variables

chef

chef-recipe