问题
I'm trying to get django to upload static files to S3, but istead I'm getting a 403 forbidden error, and I'm not sure why.
Full Stacktrace:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 14, in <module>
execute_manager(settings)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 438, in execute_manager
utility.execute()
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 379, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 191, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 220, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 351, in handle
return self.handle_noargs(**options)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 89, in handle_noargs
self.copy_file(path, prefixed_path, storage, **options)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 184, in copy_file
if not self.delete_file(path, prefixed_path, source_storage, **options):
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/staticfiles/management/commands/collectstatic.py", line 115, in delete_file
if self.storage.exists(prefixed_path):
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/storages/backends/s3boto.py", line 209, in exists
return k.exists()
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/key.py", line 391, in exists
return bool(self.bucket.lookup(self.name))
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/bucket.py", line 143, in lookup
return self.get_key(key_name, headers=headers)
File "/home/levi/Projects/DoneBox/.virtualenv/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/boto/s3/bucket.py", line 208, in get_key
response.status, response.reason, '')
boto.exception.S3ResponseError: S3ResponseError: 403 Forbidden
Contents of settings.py:
import os
DIRNAME = os.path.dirname(__file__)
# Django settings for DoneBox project.
DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
ADMINS = (
# ('Your Name', 'your_email@example.com'),
)
MANAGERS = ADMINS
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
'NAME': os.path.join(DIRNAME, "box.sqlite"), # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
'USER': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
'PASSWORD': '', # Not used with sqlite3.
'HOST': '', # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
'PORT': '', # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
}
}
# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# On Unix systems, a value of None will cause Django to use the same
# timezone as the operating system.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'America/Denver'
# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
SITE_ID = 1
# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True
# If you set this to False, Django will not format dates, numbers and
# calendars according to the current locale
USE_L10N = True
# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = ''
# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = "d1eyn4cjl5vzx0.cloudfront.net"
# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(DIRNAME, "static")
# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = "d280kzug7l5rug.cloudfront.net"
# URL prefix for admin static files -- CSS, JavaScript and images.
# Make sure to use a trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/static/admin/", "/static/admin/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/static/admin/'
# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
os.path.join(DIRNAME, "main", "static"),
)
# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)
# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = '<snip>'
# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
)
ROOT_URLCONF = 'DoneBox.urls'
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
# Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
# Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
# Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
os.path.join(DIRNAME, "main", "templates"),
os.path.join(DIRNAME, "templates"),
os.path.join(DIRNAME, "basic", "blog", "templates"),
)
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.sitemaps',
# Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
'django.contrib.admin',
# Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
'storages',
'django.contrib.admindocs',
'main',
'contacts',
'piston',
'registration',
# 'contact_form',
'basic',
'basic.blog',
)
# A sample logging configuration. The only tangible logging
# performed by this configuration is to send an email to
# the site admins on every HTTP 500 error.
# See http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/logging for
# more details on how to customize your logging configuration.
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'handlers': {
'mail_admins': {
'level': 'ERROR',
'class': 'django.utils.log.AdminEmailHandler'
}
},
'loggers': {
'django.request': {
'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
'level': 'DEBUG',
'propagate': True,
},
'django.db.backends': {
'handlers': ['mail_admins'],
'level': 'DEBUG',
'propagate': True,
}
}
}
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto.S3BotoStorage'
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = '<snip>'
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = '<snip>'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'storages.backends.s3boto.S3BotoStorage'
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = "donebox-static"
STATIC_FILES_BUCKET = "donebox-static"
MEDIA_FILES_BUCKET = "donebox-media"
ACCOUNT_ACTIVATION_DAYS = 7
EMAIL_HOST = "email-smtp.us-east-1.amazonaws.com"
EMAIL_HOST_USER = '<snip>'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = '<snip>'
EMAIL_PORT = 587
EMAIL_USE_TLS = True
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
"django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
"django.core.context_processors.debug",
"django.core.context_processors.i18n",
"django.core.context_processors.media",
"django.core.context_processors.static",
"django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
"DoneBox.main.context_processors_PandC",
)
Contents of requirements.pip:
django==1.3
django-storages==1.1.4
django-registration==0.8
django-piston==0.2.3
django-tagging==0.3.1
django-extensions==0.8
BeautifulSoup==3.2.1
boto==2.4.1
mysql-python==1.2.3
tweepy==1.9
feedparser==5.1.2
pycrypto==2.6
A google search for this exception doesn't turn up anything interesting. I suspect I mis-configured things, although I'm not sure. Could someone point me in the right direction? Thank you for your time and consideration.
回答1:
I'm using Amazon IAM for the particular key ID and access key and just bumped into the same 403 Forbidden... Turns out you need to give permissions that target both the bucket root and its subobjects:
{
"Statement": [
{
"Principal": {
"AWS": "*"
},
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "s3:*",
"Resource": ["arn:aws:s3:::bucket-name/*", "arn:aws:s3:::bucket-name"]
}
]
}
回答2:
I would recommend that you try to test your AWS credentials separately to verify whether the credentials do actually have permission to read and write data to the S3 bucket. The following should work:
>>> import boto
>>> s3 = boto.connect_s3('<access_key>', '<secret_key>')
>>> bucket = s3.lookup('donebox-static')
>>> key = bucket.new_key('testkey')
>>> key.set_contents_from_string('This is a test')
>>> key.exists()
>>> key.delete()
You should try the same test with the other bucket ('donebox-media'). If this works, the permissions are correct and the problem lies in the Django storages code or configuration. If this fails with a 403 then either:
- The access_key/secret_key strings are incorrect
- The access_key/secret_key are correct but that account doesn't have the necessary permissions to write to the bucket
I hope that helps. Please report back your findings.
回答3:
I had the same problem and finally discovered that the real problem was the SERVER TIME. It was misconfigured and AWS responds with a 403 FORBIDDEN.
Using Debian you can autoconfigure using NTP:
ntpdate 0.pool.ntp.org
回答4:
This will also happen if your machine's time settings are incorrect
回答5:
In case this helps anyone, I had to add the following configuration entry for collectstatic to work and not return 403:
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = ''
回答6:
It is also possible that the wrong credentials are being used. To verify:
import boto
s3 = boto.connect_s3('<your access key>', '<your secret key>')
bucket = s3.get_bucket('<your bucket>') # does this work?
s3 = boto.connect_s3()
s3.aws_access_key_id # is the same key being used by default?
If not, take a look at ~/.boto, ~/.aws/config and ~/.aws/credentials.
回答7:
Here is a refinement with minimal permissions.
In all cases, as discussed elsewhere s3:ListAllMyBuckets is necessary on all buckets.
In it's default configuration django-storages will upload files to S3 with public-read permissions - see django-storages Amazon S3 backend
Trial and error revealed that in this default configuration the only two permissions required are s3:PutObject to upload a file in the first place and s3:PutObjectAcl to set the permissions for that object to public.
No additional actions are required because from that point forward read is public on the object anyway.
IAM User Policy - public-read (default):
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*"
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"s3:PutObject",
"s3:PutObjectAcl"
],
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::bucketname/*"
}
]
}
It is not always desirable to have objects publicly readable. This is achieved by setting the relevant property in the settings file.
Django settings.py:
...
AWS_DEFAULT_ACL = "private"
...
And then the s3:PutObjectAcl is no longer required and the minimal permissions are as follows:
IAM User Policy - private:
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::*"
},
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"s3:PutObject",
"s3:GetObject"
],
"Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::bucketname/*"
}
]
}
回答8:
Another solution avoiding custom policies and using AWS predefined policies:
Add S3 full access permissions to your S3 user.
- IAM / Users / Permissions and Attach Policy
- Add policy "AmazonS3FullAccess"
回答9:
Maybe you actually don't have access to the bucket you're trying to lookup/get/create..
Remember: bucket names have to be unique across the entire S3 eco-system, so if you try to access (lookup/get/create) a bucket named 'test' you will have no access to it.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10854095/boto-exception-s3responseerror-s3responseerror-403-forbidden