Can Google Mock a method with a smart pointer return type?

问题

I have a factory that returns a smart pointer. Regardless of what smart pointer I use, I can't get Google Mock to mock the factory method.

The mock object is the implementation of a pure abstract interface where all methods are virtual. I have a prototype:

MOCK_METHOD0(Create, std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing>());

And I get:

"...gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h(1314): error C2248: 'std::unique_ptr<_Ty>::unique_ptr' : cannot access private member declared in class 'std::unique_ptr<_Ty>'"

The type pointed to in the smart pointer is defined.

And I get it's trying to access one of the constructors declared private, but I don't understand why. When this was an std::auto_ptr, the error said there was no copy constructor, which confuses me.

Anyway, is there a way to Mock a method that returns a smart pointer? Or is there a better way to build a factory? Is my only resolve to return a raw pointer (blech...)?

My environment is Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate and Windows 7. I'm not using CLI.

回答1:

Google Mock requires parameters and return values of mocked methods to be copyable, in most cases. Per boost's documentation, unique_ptr is not copyable. You have an option of returning one of the smart pointer classes that use shared ownership (shared_ptr, linked_ptr, etc.) and are thus copyable. Or you can use a raw pointer. Since the method in question is apparently the method constructing an object, I see no inherent problem with returning a raw pointer. As long as you assign the result to some shared pointer at every call site, you are going to be fine.

回答2:

A feasible workaround for google mock framework's problems with non (const) copyable function arguments and retun values is to use proxy mock methods.

Suppose you have the following interface definition (if it's good style to use std::unique_ptr in this way seems to be more or less a philosophical question, I personally like it to enforce transfer of ownership):

class IFooInterface {
public:
    virtual void nonCopyableParam(std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing> uPtr) = 0;
    virtual std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing> nonCopyableReturn() = 0;
    virtual ~IFooInterface() {}
};

The appropriate mock class could be defined like this:

class FooInterfaceMock
: public IFooInterface {
public:
    FooInterfaceMock() {}
    virtual ~FooInterfaceMock() {}

    virtual void nonCopyableParam(std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing> uPtr) {
        nonCopyableParamProxy(uPtr.get());
    }
    virtual std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing> nonCopyableReturn() {
        return std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing>(nonCopyableReturnProxy());
    }


    MOCK_METHOD1(nonCopyableParamProxy,void (IMyObjectThing*));
    MOCK_METHOD0(nonCopyableReturnProxy,IMyObjectThing* ());
};

You just need to take care, that configurations (Actions taken) for the nonCopyableReturnProxy() method return either NULL or an instance allocated dynamically on the heap.

---

There's a google-mock user forum thread discussing this topic where one of the maintainers states that the google-mock framework won't be changed to support this in future arguing that their policies strongly discourage the usage std::auto_ptr parameters. As mentioned this is IMHO a philosophical point of view, and the capabilities of the mocking framework shouldn't steer what kind of interfaces you want to design or you can use from 3rd party APIs.

As said the answer describes a feasible workaround.

回答3:

I know this post was from a long time ago, so you've probably discovered the answer by now.

gmock previously did not support mock functions that returned any movable type, including smart pointers. However, in April 2017, gmock introduced a new Action modifier ByMove.

EXPECT_CALL(*foo_, Bar(_, )).WillOnce(Return(ByMove(some_move_only_object)));

where some_move_only_object can be e.g. a std::unique_ptr.

So yes, now gmock can mock a function that takes a smart pointer.

回答4:

I have recently discovered that returning smart pointers by mocked functions is still not very user friendly. Yes, the new action ByMove had been introduced, however it turns out it may be used only once during the test. So imagine you have a factory class to test that repeatedly returns unique_ptr to the newly created object.

Any attempt to .WillRepeatedly(Return(ByMove) or multiple ON_CALL with .WillByDefault(Return(ByMove) will result in the following error:

[ FATAL ] Condition !performed_ failed. A ByMove() action should only be performed once.

This is also clearly stated in the GMock Cookbook in the paragraph "Mocking Methods That Use Move-Only Types".

回答5:

in the mock class put same as you want

MOCK_METHOD0(Create, std::unique_ptr());

---

and in the test as below

EXPECT_CALL(<mock-obj>, Create())
.WillOnce([]()->std::unique_ptr<IMyObjectThing>{
    return std::make_unique<IMyObjectThing>();
});

if vs 2010 not support for lambda, you can use a functor

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7616475/can-google-mock-a-method-with-a-smart-pointer-return-type