问题
I have been using git for a while now, but I have never had to set up a new remote repo myself and I have been curious on doing so. I have been reading tutorials and I am confused on how to get "git push" to work.
If I simply use git push it asks me to see up a default branch(?) to point to? What is the difference between these two options it supplies me with?
git config --global push.default matching
git config --global push.default simple
Matching just pushes whatever branches I have on my local repo, and if they don't match I have to then manually tell it to push whatever new local branches I have, correct? Is this best practice to use or is simple best?
回答1:
git push can push all branches or a single one dependent on this configuration:
Push all branches
git config --global push.default matching
It will push all the branches to the remote branch and would merge them. If you don't want to push all branches, you can push the current branch only.
Push only the current branch
git config --global push.default simple
So, it's better, in my opinion, to use this option and push your code branch by branch. It's better to push branches manually and individually.
回答2:
From GIT documentation: Git Docs
Below gives the full information. In short, simple will only push the current working branch and even then only if it also has the same name on the remote. This is a very good setting for beginners and will become the default in GIT 2.0
Whereas matching will push all branches locally that have the same name on the remote. (Without regard to your current working branch ). This means potentially many different branches will be pushed, including those that you might not even want to share.
In my personal usage, I generally use a different option: current which pushes the current working branch, (because I always branch for any changes). But for a beginner I'd suggest simple
push.default
Defines the action git push should take if no refspec is explicitly given. Different values are well-suited for specific workflows; for instance, in a purely central workflow (i.e. the fetch source is equal to the push destination), upstream is probably what you want. Possible values are:nothing - do not push anything (error out) unless a refspec is explicitly given. This is primarily meant for people who want to avoid mistakes by always being explicit.
current - push the current branch to update a branch with the same name on the receiving end. Works in both central and non-central workflows.
upstream - push the current branch back to the branch whose changes are usually integrated into the current branch (which is called @{upstream}). This mode only makes sense if you are pushing to the same repository you would normally pull from (i.e. central workflow).
simple - in centralized workflow, work like upstream with an added safety to refuse to push if the upstream branch's name is different from the local one.
When pushing to a remote that is different from the remote you normally pull from, work as current. This is the safest option and is suited for beginners.
This mode will become the default in Git 2.0.
matching - push all branches having the same name on both ends. This makes the repository you are pushing to remember the set of branches that will be pushed out (e.g. if you always push maint and master there and no other branches, the repository you push to will have these two branches, and your local maint and master will be pushed there).
To use this mode effectively, you have to make sure all the branches you would push out are ready to be pushed out before running git push, as the whole point of this mode is to allow you to push all of the branches in one go. If you usually finish work on only one branch and push out the result, while other branches are unfinished, this mode is not for you. Also this mode is not suitable for pushing into a shared central repository, as other people may add new branches there, or update the tip of existing branches outside your control.
This is currently the default, but Git 2.0 will change the default to simple.
回答3:
Git v2.0 Release Notes
Backward compatibility notes
When git push [$there] does not say what to push, we have used the
traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
over there). In Git 2.0, the default is now the "simple" semantics,
which pushes:
only the current branch to the branch with the same name, and only when the current branch is set to integrate with that remote branch, if you are pushing to the same remote as you fetch from; or
only the current branch to the branch with the same name, if you are pushing to a remote that is not where you usually fetch from.
You can use the configuration variable "push.default" to change this. If you are an old-timer who wants to keep using the "matching" semantics, you can set the variable to "matching", for example. Read the documentation for other possibilities.
When git add -u and git add -A are run inside a subdirectory
without specifying which paths to add on the command line, they
operate on the entire tree for consistency with git commit -a and
other commands (these commands used to operate only on the current
subdirectory). Say git add -u . or git add -A . if you want to
limit the operation to the current directory.
git add <path> is the same as git add -A <path> now, so that
git add dir/ will notice paths you removed from the directory and
record the removal. In older versions of Git, git add <path> used
to ignore removals. You can say git add --ignore-removal <path> to
add only added or modified paths in <path>, if you really want to.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21839651/git-what-is-the-difference-between-push-default-matching-and-simple