问题
Is it possible to convert a .pfx (Personal Information Exchange) file to a .cer (Security Certificate) file? Unless I'm mistaken, isn't a .cer somehow embedded inside a .pfx? I'd like some way to extract it, if possible.
回答1:
the simple way I believe is to import it then export it, using the certificate manager in Windows Management Console.
回答2:
PFX files are PKCS#12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard bundles. They can include arbitrary number of private keys with accompanying X.509 certificates and a certificate authority chain (set certificates).
If you want to extract client certificates, you can use OpenSSL's PKCS12 tool.
openssl pkcs12 -in input.pfx -out mycerts.crt -nokeys -clcerts
The command above will output certificate(s) in PEM format. The ".crt" file extension is handled by both macOS and Window.
You mention ".cer" extension in the question which is conventionally used for the DER encoded files. A binary encoding. Try the ".crt" file first and if it's not accepted, easy to convert from PEM to DER:
openssl x509 -inform pem -in mycerts.crt -outform der -out mycerts.cer
回答3:
If you're working in PowerShell you can use something like the following, given a pfx file InputBundle.pfx, to produce a DER encoded (binary) certificate file OutputCert.der:
Get-PfxCertificate -FilePath InputBundle.pfx |
Export-Certificate -FilePath OutputCert.der -Type CERT
Newline added for clarity, but you can of course have this all on a single line.
If you need the certificate in ASCII/Base64 encoded PEM format, you can take extra steps to do so as documented elsewhere, such as here: https://superuser.com/questions/351548/windows-integrated-utility-to-convert-der-to-pem
If you need to export to a different format than DER encoded, you can change the -Type parameter for Export-Certificate to use the types supported by .NET, as seen in help Export-Certificate -Detailed:
-Type <CertType>
Specifies the type of output file for the certificate export as follows.
-- SST: A Microsoft serialized certificate store (.sst) file format which can contain one or more certificates. This is the default value for multiple certificates.
-- CERT: A .cer file format which contains a single DER-encoded certificate. This is the default value for one certificate.
-- P7B: A PKCS#7 file format which can contain one or more certificates.
回答4:
I wanted to add a method which I think was simplest of all.
Simply right click the pfx file, click "Install" follow the wizard, and add it to a store (I added to the Personal store).
In start menu type certmgr.msc and go to CertManager program.
Find your pfx certificate (tabs at top are the various stores), click the export button and follow the wizard (there is an option to export as .CER)
Essentially it does the same thing as Andrew's answer, but it avoids using Windows Management Console (goes straight to the import/export).
回答5:
openssl rsa -in f.pem -inform PEM -out f.der -outform DER
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/403174/convert-pfx-to-cer