How do you deploy Angular apps?

问题

How do you deploy Angular apps once they reach the production phase?

All the guides I've seen so far (even on angular.io) are counting on a lite-server for serving and browserSync to reflect changes - but when you finish with development, how can you publish the app?

Do I import all the compiled .js files on the index.html page or do I minify them using gulp? Will they work? Do I need SystemJS at all in the production version?

回答1:

You are actually here touching two questions in one.

The first one is How to host your application?.
And as @toskv mentioned its really too broad question to be answered and depends on numerous different things.

The second one is How do you prepare the deployment version of the application?.
You have several options here:

Deploy as it is. Just that - no minification, concatenation, name mangling, etc. Transpile all your ts project copy all your resulting js/css/... sources + dependencies to the hosting server and you are good to go.
Deploy using special bundling tools, like webpack or systemjs builder.
They come with all the possibilities that are lacking in #1.
You can pack all your app code into just a couple of js/css/... files that you reference in your HTML. systemjs builder even allows you to get rid of the need to include systemjs as part of your deployment package.

Yes you will most likely need to deploy systemjs and bunch of other external libraries as part of your package. And yes you will be able to bundle them into just couple of js files you reference from your HTML page.

You do not have to reference all your compiled js files from the page though - systemjs as a module loader will take care of that.

I know it sounds muddy - to help get you started with the #2 here are two really good sample applications:

SystemJS builder: angular2 seed

WebPack: angular2 webpack starter

Look how they do it - and hopefully this will help you to find your way of bundling apps you make.

回答2:

Simple answer. Use the Angular CLI and issue the

ng build

command in the root directory of your project. The site will be created in the dist directory and you can deploy that to any web server.

This will build for test, if you have production settings in your app you should use

ng build --prod

This will build the project in the dist directory and this can be pushed to the server.

Much has happened since I first posted this answer. The CLI is finally at a 1.0.0 so following this guide go upgrade your project should happen before you try to build. https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/wiki/stories-rc-update

回答3:

With the Angular CLI it's easy. An example for Heroku:

Create a Heroku account and install the CLI
Move the angular-cli dep to the dependencies in package.json (so that it gets installed when you push to Heroku.
Add a postinstall script that will run ng build when the code gets pushed to Heroku. Also add a start command for a Node server that will be created in the following step. This will place the static files for the app in a dist directory on the server and start the app afterward.

"scripts": {
  // ...
  "start": "node server.js",
  "postinstall": "ng build --aot -prod"
}

Create an Express server to serve the app.

// server.js
const express = require('express');
const app = express();
// Run the app by serving the static files
// in the dist directory
app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/dist'));
// Start the app by listening on the default
// Heroku port
app.listen(process.env.PORT || 8080);

Create a Heroku remote and push to depoy the app.

heroku create
git add .
git commit -m "first deploy"
git push heroku master

Here's a quick writeup I did that has more detail, including how to force requests to use HTTPS and how to handle PathLocationStrategy :)

回答4:

Hopefully this may help, and hopefully I'll get to try this during the week.

Create Web app at Azure
Create Angular 2 app in vs code.
Webpack to bundle.js.
Download Azure site published profile xml
Configure Azure-deploy using https://www.npmjs.com/package/azure-deploy with site profile.
Deploy.
Taste the cream.

回答5:

I use with forever:

Build your Angular application with angular-cli to dist folder ng build --prod --output-path ./dist

Create server.js file in your Angular application path:

const express = require('express');
const path = require('path');

const app = express();

app.use(express.static(__dirname + '/dist'));

app.get('/*', function(req,res) {
    res.sendFile(path.join(__dirname + '/dist/index.html'));
});
app.listen(80);

Start forever forever start server.js

That's all! your application should be running!

回答6:

In order to deploy your Angular2 app to a production server, first and foremost, ensure your app runs locally on your machine.

Angular2 app can also be deployed as a node app.

So, create a node entry point file server.js/app.js (my example uses express)

var express = require('express'),
    path = require('path'),
    fs = require('fs');

var app = express();
var staticRoot = __dirname + '/';

app.set('port', (process.env.PORT || 3000));

app.use(express.static(staticRoot));

app.use(function(req, res, next){

    // if the request is not html then move along
    var accept = req.accepts('html', 'json', 'xml');
    if(accept !== 'html'){
        return next();
    }

    // if the request has a '.' assume that it's for a file, move along
    var ext = path.extname(req.path);
    if (ext !== ''){
        return next();
    }

    fs.createReadStream(staticRoot + 'index.html').pipe(res);

}); 

app.listen(app.get('port'), function() {
    console.log('app running on port', app.get('port'));
});

Also add express as a dependency in your package.json file.

Then deploy it on your preferred environment.

I have put together a small blog for deployment on IIS. follow link

回答7:

If You test app like me on localhost or You will have some problems with blank white page i use this:

ng build --prod --build-optimizer --base-href="http://127.0.0.1/my-app/"

Explanation:

ng build

Build app but in code there is many spaces, tabs and other stuff what makes code able be read by human. For server it isnt important how code looks. This is why i use:

ng build --prod --build-optimizer

This make code out for production and reduce size [--build-optimizer] allow to reduce more code].

So at end i add --base-href="http://127.0.0.1/my-app/" to show application where is 'main frame' [in simple words]. With it You can have even multiple angular apps in any folder.

回答8:

To Deploy your application in IIS follow the below steps.

Step 1: Build your Angular application using command ng build --prod

Step 2: After build all files are stored in dist folder of your application path.

Step 3: Create a folder in C:\inetpub\wwwroot by name QRCode.

Step 4: Copy the contents of dist folder to C:\inetpub\wwwroot\QRCode folder.

Step 5: Open IIS Manager using command (Window + R) and type inetmgr click OK.

Step 6: Right click on Default Web Site and click on Add Application.

Step 7: Enter Alias name 'QRCode' and set the physical path to C:\inetpub\wwwroot\QRCode.

Step 8: Open index.html file and find the line href="\" and remove '\'.

Step 9: Now browse application in any browser.

You can also follow the video for better understanding.

Video url: https://youtu.be/F8EI-8XUNZc

回答9:

If you deploy your application in Apache (Linux server) so you can follow following steps : Follow following steps :

Step 1: ng build --prod --env=prod

Step 2. (Copy dist into server) then dist folder created, copy dist folder and deploy it in root directory of server.

Step 3. Creates .htaccess file in root folder and paste this in the .htaccess

 <IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteEngine On
  RewriteBase /
  RewriteRule ^index\.html$ - [L]
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
  RewriteRule . /index.html [L]
</IfModule>

回答10:

You get the smallest and quickest loading production bundle by compiling with the Ahead of Time compiler, and tree-shake/minify with rollup as shown in the angular AOT cookbook here: https://angular.io/docs/ts/latest/cookbook/aot-compiler.html

This is also available with the Angular-CLI as said in previous answers, but if you haven't made your app using the CLI you should follow the cookbook.

I also have a working example with materials and SVG charts (backed by Angular2) that it includes a bundle created with the AOT cookbook. You also find all the config and scripts needed to create the bundle. Check it out here: https://github.com/fintechneo/angular2-templates/

I made a quick video demonstrating the difference between number of files and size of an AoT compiled build vs a development environment. It shows the project from the github repository above. You can see it here: https://youtu.be/ZoZDCgQwnmQ

回答11:

Angular 2 Deployment in Github Pages

Testing Deployment of Angular2 Webpack in ghpages

First get all the relevant files from the dist folder of your application, for me it was the : + css files in the assets folder + main.bundle.js + polyfills.bundle.js + vendor.bundle.js

Then push this files in the repo which you have created.

1 -- If you want the application to run on the root directory - create a special repo with the name [yourgithubusername].github.io and push these files in the master branch

2 -- Where as if you want to create these page in the sub directory or in a different branch other than than the root, create a branch gh-pages and push these files in that branch.

In both the cases the way we access these deployed pages will be different.

For the First case it will be https://[yourgithubusername].github.io and for the second case it will be [yourgithubusername].github.io/[Repo name].

If suppose you want to deploy it using the second case make sure to change the base url of the index.html file in the dist as all the route mappings depend on the path you give and it should be set to [/branchname].

Link to this page

https://rahulrsingh09.github.io/Deployment

Git Repo

https://github.com/rahulrsingh09/Deployment

回答12:

For a quick and cheap way to host an angular app, I have been using the Firbase hosting. It's free on the first tier and very easy to deploy new versions using the Firebase CLI. This article here explains the necessary steps to deploy your production angular 2 app to Firebase: https://medium.com/codingthesmartway-com-blog/hosting-angular-2-applications-on-firebase-f194688c978d

In short, you run ng build --prod which creates a dist folder in the package and that's the folder that gets deployed to Firebase Hosting.

回答13:

Deploying Angular 2 in azure is easy

Run ng build --prod , which will generate a dist folder with everything bundled inside few files including index.html.
Create a resource group and a web app inside it.
Place your dist folders files using FTP. In azure it will look for index.html to the run the application.

That's it. Your app is running !

回答14:

As of 2017 the best way is to use angular-cli (v1.4.4) for your angular project.

ng build --prod --env=prod --aot --build-optimizer --output-hashing none

You needn't add --aot explicitly as its turned on by default with --prod.And the use of --output-hashing is as per your personal preference regarding cache bursting.

You could explicitly add CDN support by adding :

 --deploy-url "https://<your-cdn-key>.cloudfront.net/"

if you plan to use CDN for hosting which is considerably fast.

回答15:

With Angular CLI, you can use the following command:

ng build --prod

It generates a dist folder with all you need to deploy the application.

If you have no practice with web servers, I recommend you to use Angular to Cloud. You just need to compress the dist folder as zip file and upload it in the platform.

回答16:

I would say a lot of people with Web experience prior to angular, are use to deploying their web artifacts inside a war (i.e. jquery and html inside a Java/Spring project). I ended up doing this to get around CORS issue, after attempting to keep my angular and REST projects separate.

My solution was to move all angular (4) contents, generated with CLI, from my-app to MyJavaApplication/angular. Then I modifed my Maven build to use maven-resources-plugin to move the contents from /angular/dist to the root of my distribution (i.e. $project.build.directory}/MyJavaApplication). Angular loads resources from root of the war by default.

When I started to add routing to my angular project, I further modifed maven build to copy index.html from /dist to WEB-INF/app. And, added a Java controller that redirects all server side rest calls to index.